Morphological description of early zoeal stages of Alpheus brasileiro Anker, 2012 reared in the laboratory, including a revision of the larval morphology of the first zoeal stage of the genus Alpheus Fabricius, 1798 (Caridea: Alpheidae)

The aims of this study were to describe and illustrate the early larval stages of the snapping shrimp Alpheus brasileiro Anker, 2012 and to review the larval morphology (Zoea I) of the genus Alpheus Fabricius, 1798. Larvae were obtained from two females with embryos collected in an intertidal estuary in Cananéia, São Paulo state, Brazil. The published descriptions of all available Alpheus zoea I (only 14 spp., 4.7%) were used for a comparison of larval morphology. The zoeae I of Alpheus species are very similar, but A. brasileiro can be separated from the other studied species by the following set of characteristics: antennal scale 5-segmented with 11 plumose setae and 2 simple setae; coxal endite of maxillule with 3 simple setae and 2 sparsely plumose setae; and coxal endite of maxilla with 1 simple seta and 1 sparsely plumose seta. The description of early larval development of A. brasileiro indicates consistent characteristics, which, when analyzed along with other morphological, molecular, and biogeographical aspects, can help to elucidate the complex phylogenetic relationships between the species in the group. However, this is the first zoeal description of a member of Alpheus armillatus species complex and it therefore does not permit a comparison. Only with new additional descriptions we will be able to generate a clearer scenario in this field due the high similarity among the species.

Two New Species of The Genus Eurycope (Isopoda, Munnopsidae) from Icelandic Waters

Collections of munnopsid isopods of the BIOICE (Benthic Invertebrates of Icelandic Waters; 1991–2004) and the IceAGE1 (Icelandic Marine Animals: Genetics and Ecology; since 2011) expeditions included ten species of the genusEurycopeG.O. Sars, 1864, thereof are two species new to science. Thus, the descriptions of the two new species are presented herein.Eurycope elianaesp. n. is distinguished from the other species of the genus mainly by two long, slightly robust, simple setae on the tip of the rostrum in combination with the size and shape of the rostrum itself.E elianaesp. n. shares the presence of two long, slightly robust, simple seta on the tip of the rostrum withE. tumidicarpus. The shape of the rostrum itself is more similar toE. inermisand species of theE. complanatacomplex.E. aculeatasp. n. is characterized by possessing dorsomedial acute projections on pereo-nites 5–7, which is unusual for the genus.E. aculeatasp. n. is most similar toE. cornuta. Both new species are, so far, known only from localities south of the Greenland-Scotland Ridge.

Tanaidacea (Tanaidacea: Crustacea) from Brazil. IV. A new genus and two new species from the family Leptocheliidae

This study is based on the material collected from REVIZEE Program and under the Petrobrás oil-exploration programs.These collections revealed a number of representatives from the family Leptocheliidae in its broadest sense, with descrip-tions of one new genus, Makraleptochelia n. gen., and two new species, M. potiguara n. sp. and Intermedichelia jesserin. sp. The new genus appears to be closely related to Konarus-Parakonarus-Pseudoleptochelia complex of species anddiffers mainly in the extremely elongated habitus of the male. Intermedichelia jesseri is only the second recorded speciesof this genus and is separated from the other species by having two distal simple setae on the lateral projections of pere-onite 3, two distal simple setae on the maxilliped basis, one ventrodistal spiniform seta on the merus-carpus-propodus ofpereopod 3, and pereopods 4 and 5 propodus with one dorsodistal simple seta marginally longer than dactylus and unguis combined. Intermedichelia is here included in the family Leptocheliidae.

Two new Diastylis (Cumacea: Diastylidae) from Antarctic waters: Diastylis andeepae and D. catalinae

Two new deep-sea cumaceans, Diastylis andeepae and D. catalinae are described from the Weddell Sea. Diastylis andeepae n. sp. can be distinguished from other members of the genus by a combination of characters including: carapace with small tubercles all over and anterior part with an arched row of teeth extending from each side of the pseudorostrum and disappearing a short distance before reaching the inferior margin of the carapace, ischium of the pereopod 2 with four strong teeth, endopod uropod of two articles. Diastylis catalinae n. sp. is a closely related species to D. richardi Fage 1929 recorded from the Bay of Biscay, however D. catalinae can be easily separated from D. richardi by having: (1) on each side of the anterior part of the carapace several teeth arranged in two non-uniform rows (randomly distributed and with two antero−lateral horns in D. richardi); (2) clearly visible pereonites 1 and 2 in dorsal view (hardly visible in D. richardi); (3) one tooth on each postero−lateral angle of the pereonite 5 (without teeth in D.richardi); and (4) one minute simple seta on article 4 of the antenna 2 (a long setulate seta in D. richardi).

Gamidactylus piranhus sp. nov. (Copepoda, Vaigamidae) from the nasal fossae of serrasalmid fishes from the Três Marias Reservoir, Upper São Francisco River, Minas Gerais State, Brazil

Gamidactylus piranhus sp. nov. (Copepoda, Vaigamidae) from the nasal fossae of “San Francisco piranha”, Pygocentrus piraya (Cuvier, 1819) and.White piranha. Serrasalmus brandtii (Lütken, 1875) is described. The new species is similar to the type species of the genus, Gamidactylus jaraquensis Thatcher et Boeger, 1984, but differs from it in the following respects: the cephalothorax is shorter, the free thoracic segments are usually longer, leg 5 is reduced to a simple seta and a spine on the second antennal segment is lacking. Gamidactylus bryconis Varella, 1995 and Gamidactylus hoplius Varella et Malta, 1996, do not closely resemble the new species because they are much larger and both present leg 5 reduced to a double seta.

Two new species of Tanaidacea of the genus Kalliapseudes Stebbing, 1910 (Crustacea: Apseudomorpha: Kalliapseudidae) from Australia

Two new species of kalliapseudid tanaidacea from Australia, Kalliapseudes longisetosus and Kalliapseudes messingi, are described from marine waters off Sydney, New South Wales and the Northwest continental shelf, respectively. Kalliapseudes longisetosus is distinguished from the other congeners by the presence of a single, very long simple seta on the anterior corners of the pereonites (about as long as the first pereonite) and several very long simple setae on the basis of the second and third pereopods (about as long as the basis). This new species is the second member of the genus to be reported from New South Wales. Kalliapseudes messingi is distinguished by having two small setae medially on the dactylus of pereopods 4 and 5, by the female having a tuft of sensory setae subterminally on the dactylus of pereopod 6, and by having three plumose setae on both the cheliped and pereopod 1 exopodite and is the first member of the genus to be reported from the Northwest continental shelf of Australia. Both species have a needle-like tip on the dactylus of the second and third pereopods. A table giving the distribution data for the species of Kalliapseudes and a key to the genera and species of Kalliapseudidae now known from Australia are presented.

Larval development and first crab of Mithraculus sculptus (Decapoda: Brachyura: Majoidea: Mithracidae) described from laboratory-reared material

The present work describes the complete larval development of Mithraculus sculptus (two zoeal stages, the megalopa) and the first crab instar from laboratory cultured material. The larval morphology is compared with other descriptions currently available for the Mithrax–Mithraculus complex: Mithraculus coryphe, M. forceps, Mithrax hispidus, M. pleuracanthus, M. spinosissimus and M. verrucosus. Although the different species of the Mithrax–Mithraculus complex display uniform morphological characters, the first zoeal stage of M. sculptus differs from other species in the setal meristics of the carapace and the number of aesthetascs of the antennule. The second zoeal stage differs in the number of aesthetascs of the antennule and the number of setae in the distal margin of the coxal endite of the maxillule. The megalopa of M. sculptus can be distinguished by the presence of 3–4 aesthetascs and a simple seta in the distal segment of the antennule. The morphological differences between the larvae from the genus Mithrax and Mithraculus are insufficient to support the separation of the two genera using adult morphology. Future studies should address in detail setal meristics.

Brasergasilus mamorensis sp. n. (Copepoda: Ergasilidae) from the Nasal cavities of Hydrolycus pectoralis (Guenther, 1866) (Characiformes: Cynodontidae) from the Brazilian Amazon, and considerations about Abergasilinae

Brasergasilus mamorensis sp. n., collected from the nasal cavities of Hydrolycus pectoralis (Guenther, 1866) in the Mamoré River, Rondônia State, Brazil, is described. This is the first time that a species from the genus Brasergasilus has been collected in the nasal cavities. This new species is the only one that has a spine on the first segment of the antenna, a simple seta on the basipodites of the first three pairs of legs and one pair of vestigial legs (leg 5 ) on the sixth thoracic somite.

GENERIC CORRELATIONS AND CONCEPTS: BROOMELLA AND PESTALOTIA

The type and three additional species of Broomella from Clematis were treated as congeneric because of similar ascocarp structure, and because of the nature of the unitunicate asci, which, in all species, have a pulvillus (a subapical chitinoid body, "le coussinet chitinoïde"), but lack an iodine-reactive ring. Moreover, all the species have distinctive ascospores that are triseptate, pigmented only in the central cells, and furnished with one simple seta at each end. The conidia, like the ascospores, are four-celled with pigment only in the two central cells, but variously setose at the ends, and are produced on annellophores. Although two species have conidia with a single apical seta typical of Monochaetia, and two have multiple or branched setae typical of Pestalotia, the former generic dispositions of the conidial states made on numbers of setae and on fruit-body form were rejected and the conidial states united under one generic name, Pestalotia.Broomella vitalbae (Berk. & Broome) Sacc., the generic type, collected on Clematis vitalba L. in southern France, produced conidia with one simple seta at each end, and non-germinable microconidia (spermatia) when cultured. The conidial state is named Pestalotia vitalbae n. sp. North American collections of Broomella montaniensis (Ell. & Ev.) E. Müller & Ahmad on Clematis ligusticifolia Nutt. consistently bore the associated conidial state first described as Arthrobotryum pestalozzioides Dearness & Fairman in Fairman with which Pestalotia berberidis Guba was found to be conspecific. Pestalotia pestalozzioides (Dearness & Fairman in Fairman) n. comb. is proposed for the conidial state. Broomella excelsa collected in Pakistan on Clematis sp. and described as new was found in close association with the conidial state Ahmadinula excelsa Petrak for which Pestalotia excelsa (Petrak) n. comb. is proposed. Broomella acuta on Clematis flammula L. from southern France is described as new. Cultures from its ascospores and from conidia of Pestalotia truncata Lév. found on the same gathering, produced identical conidia, and, in addition, formed microconidia similar to those of Broomella vitalbae.