A PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYTICAL STUDY OF MURCHITA GO-GHRITAM & CHAGALADYA GHRITAM

Ghee known as Ghritam, sarpish & Ajya, was used in ancient India as early as 1500 B.C. Rigveda, the oldest collection of Hindu hymns, contains numerous references to ghee, showing its importance in the Indian diet. The health benefits from ghee can be fundamentally categorized as those that are obtained from consuming ghee as food and those are obtained by using ghee as a medicine. Clarified milk fat or butterfat is known as ghrita. It is prepared by heating butter or cream to just over 100°C to remove water content. Goghrita is the best choice for food and medicinal purposes. So, in Ayurvedic classics and tradition, if not specified, the word ghrita always applies to goghrta. Chagaladya ghrita is one such classical, potent, unexplored, herbal preparation having properties of Jwara-prashamana (Antipyretic action), Dhatu-vriddhikara (Nourishes the Body tissues), improves mainly Mamsa dhatu, where dhatu kshaya is noticed in Rajyakshama Rogi by consuming of this Aja-Mamsa can restore the Mamsa dhatu kshaya (Mamsena Mamsa vruddhihi), also Increases body weight (Brimhanakaraka), Ojoskara (Immune- booster) indicated in the management of Rajyakshama presenting with predominant of Shwasa and Kasa. It contains mainly Chagamamsa (goat’s meat), Ashwagandha, Vasapanchanga, Chagadugdha and Goghrita and other Prakshepaka dravyas. Ghrita is one among the best Ajasrika Rasayanas. and is supreme in Snehana Dravyas. By its Yogavahitva, as per its ingredients, the medicated Ghrita will be attaining properties of the ingredients without forfeiting its properties. Keywords: Murchita Go-ghrita, Chagaladya Ghrita, Snehapaka, TLC

General and Particular Structural Characteristics of Acetylsalicylic Acid - Aspirine Chemical properties

Anti-inflammatory-analgesic medication is known to have a wide spread, its indications going beyond the area of rheumatology, aimed at various fields, cardiology, nephrology, hematology,neurology, etc. Many years of aspirin has constituted the health expectation of millions of patients. Most nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory analgesics (ASNS) are acidic compounds derived mainly from carboxylic acids and enolic acids. The non-acidic compounds are numerically reduced and relatively unrelated. The main effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory analgesics arise following antipyretic action, analgesic action and anti-immflamatory in varying proportions to each structural group. Each drug has the specificity of single actions, the global way of explaining the clinical effects remains little known. Anti-inflammatory (anti-termic) in acute rheumatism or other inflammatory joint disorders, anti-platelet antiaggregant, aspirin prevents aggregation of blood platelets (which have a role in stopping bleeding).This is why it is used to prevent thrombosis (clotting of blood in the arteries or veins) with an impOliant role in preventing myocardial infarction. The study includes 126 patients who often used aspirin. Interaction of aspirin with other drugs mainly occurs in the plasma albumin, platelets, liver, kidney and gastrointestinal tract. Considered a common drug, often used by patients without the physician�s indication, some of them under maintenance medication (corticosteroid, anticoagulants, antiplatelet, antidiabetics, cytostatics), aspirin may cause important complications.

Nimesulide induced toxic epidermal necrolysis: a rare case report

Adverse drug reactions to the prescribed medicines are the major obstacles in continuation of drug treatment. Nimesulide, a selective cyclo-oxygenase (COX-2) inhibitor was first launched in Italy in 1985 and subsequently marketed in more than 50 countries including India. Due to its better and faster antipyretic action, it has gained popularity among physicians and paediatricians. Here, we report a case of 60 years old male patient who developed toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) following ingestion of tablet nimesulide. The patient was managed with parenteral corticosteroids, antibiotics, emollients, anti-fungal and supportive care. This case highlights the importance of nimesulide and other NSAIDs as possible cause of TEN. Nimesulide has never been approved in countries like USA, Canada, Britain, New Zealand, Australia. But in India it is available as over the counter drug and is used for various indications like fever, myalgia, arthralgia. Therefore, the drugs which are banned outside India should be used with caution and medical practitioners should report all the adverse drug reactions to such drugs.

Pharmacological characteristics of metamizole

Metamizole (dipyrone) is a popular analgetic, non-opioid drug, commonly used in human and veterinary medicine. In some cases, this agent is still incorrectly classified as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Metamizole is a pro-drug, which spontaneously breaks down after oral administration to structurally related pyrazolone compounds. Apart from its analgesic effect, the medication is an antipyretic and spasmolytic agent. The mechanism responsible for the analgesic effect is a complex one, and most probably rests on the inhibition of a central cyclooxygenase-3 and activation of the opioidergic system and cannabinoid system. Metamizole can block both PG-dependent and PG-independent pathways of fever induced by LPS, which suggests that this drug has a profile of antipyretic action distinctly different from that of NSAIDs. The mechanism responsible for the spasmolytic effect of metamizole is associated with the inhibited release of intracellular Ca2+ as a result of the reduced synthesis of inositol phosphate. Metamizole is predominantly applied in the therapy of pain of different etiology, of spastic conditions, especially affecting the digestive tract, and of fever refractory to other treatments. Co-administration of morphine and metamizole produces superadditive, antinociceptive effects. Metamizole is a relatively safe pharmaceutical preparation although it is not completely free from undesirable effects. Among these side-effects, the most serious one that raises most controversy is the myelotoxic effect. It seems that in the past the risk of metamizole- induced agranulocytosis was exaggerated. Despite the evidence showing no risk of teratogenic and embryotoxic effects, the drug must not be administered to pregnant women, although it is allowed to be given to pregnant and lactating animals. This paper seeks to describe the characteristics of metamizole in the light of current knowledge.