Formalization of target invariants and designing an adaptive control system for the model of anaerobic biological wastewater treatment

A model of a two-step anaerobic fermentation in a bioreactor-mixer, whose mathematical description is a system of nonlinear mathematical equations, is discussed. The purpose is to design an algorithm of an energy-saving control relying on the principles of nonlinear adaptation on target manifolds with an attractive property, which are referred to as invariants or invariable laws of the target system behavior for the object under study. A necessary preliminary step is the formalization of possible target invariants in the form of prescribed (desired) laws of the controlled object behavior. An example is given of designing a vector regulator with a compensation of random disturbances over the control channel in a system of anaerobic biological waste water treatment.

Forms of democratic civilian control over the defense forces of Ukraine

The purpose of the article is to define the concept and types of forms of democratic civilian control over the defense forces. Three aspects are identified in which the forms of democratic civilian control over the defense forces can be considered: 1) the activity aspect, according to which the form of control acts as a complex of actions of its subjects; 2) the analytical aspect, according to which the form of control has its integral element of collecting, highlighting information and data on the controlled object, comparing them with each other, de-termining the patterns and trends inherent in the functioning of the controlled object, modeling the state of the controlled object in the future, depending on the applied management decisions; 3) the organizational aspect, according to which the form of control is a way of organizing the activity of the subjects of control and the con-nections between them. Each of these aspects of the form of control is necessary for the effective implementation of control activities. The definitions of the forms of democratic civilian control over the defense forces as united by a single goal, carried out in accordance with the powers of the subjects of control defined in the acts of military legislation, are formulated for a complex of organizational and analytical measures aimed at achieving the goal of control.It was found that the forms of democratic civilian control over the defense forces should be attributed to the pub-lication of public information, the activities of temporary commissions of inquiry, internal audit, external financial control (audit), judicial control, scientific and applied (for example, sociological) research aimed at determining the actual state of control objects. The validity of classifying official investigations, inquiries and pre-trial investigations forms of democratic civil control raises doubts, taking into account the provisions of paragraph 2 of part 1 of arti-cle 1 of the Law of Ukraine “On National Security of Ukraine”, which defines an exhaustive list of types of control.An analysis of the essence and features of the forms of democratic civilian control over the defense forces allows us to make sure that these forms are inherently connected with the content of this control and are determined by the legal status of its subjects. At the same time, the forms of control can be classified by content, by subjects, by legal consequences for objects of control, as well as by timing.

Analytical justification of the automatic control system of the technological process of post-harvesting root and onion

It is marked that the applied technical means of automation of machine-technological complexes for the production of agricultural products differ significantly from those conventionally taken as ideal, in this regard, it is necessary to develop requirements for the accuracy and reliability of the measuring information of the automatic control system of technical means of machine production of onions, carrots and beets, the implementation of which will allow reduce the initial level of uncertainty through the use of information extracted from observations of the controlled object in the course of its normal functioning.

Direct tuning of gain-scheduled controller for electro-pneumatic clutch position control

This study proposes a gain-scheduled controller with direct tuning for the position control of a pneumatic clutch actuator that is installed in heavy-duty trucks. Pneumatic clutch actuators are highly nonlinear systems and cannot be easily controlled. Industries require a simple controller design that is easy to understand and requires few trial-and-error calibrations. Therefore, we adopted a gain-scheduled proportional integral derivative (PID) control law, which is a well-known and easy-to-understand nonlinear control method. In this approach, a gain scheduler is expressed using polynomials composed of coefficient parameters and controlled object states. The unknown coefficient parameters of the polynomials are directly tuned from the controlled object input/output data without having to use a controlled object model. The proposed controller design procedure is simple and does not require system identification or trial-and-error tuning. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by an experiment using an actual vehicle. The experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method for the position control of pneumatic clutch actuators.

Implementation of monitoring the efficiency of enterprises using a special subsystem of the automated control system

The article discusses the implementation of monitoring the efficiency of enterprises using a special subsystem of the automated control system. It is shown that the analysis within the framework of the performance monitoring subsystem in the automated control system can be carried out with the integration of all available types of measurement information, for example, telemetry, command-software, etc. A list of tasks for monitoring the functioning and operability of the monitoring object, as well as predicting the behavior of the controlled object is presented. The unified structure of the enterprise with the parameters of the functioning of its objects is highlighted, which is presented using the mathematical apparatus of the vector representation of the essence of objects. The steps of the algorithm of the performance monitoring subsystem in the automated control system are developed and the features of the application of the developed monitoring subsystem in processing enterprises are presented on the example of processing bauxite, oil and solid household waste.

Implementation of monitoring the efficiency of enterprises using a special subsystem of the automated control system

The article discusses the implementation of monitoring the efficiency of enterprises using a special subsystem of the automated control system. It is shown that the analysis within the framework of the performance monitoring subsystem in the automated control system can be carried out with the integration of all available types of measurement information, for example, telemetry, command-software, etc. A list of tasks for monitoring the functioning and operability of the monitoring object, as well as predicting the behavior of the controlled object is presented. The unified structure of the enterprise with the parameters of the functioning of its objects is highlighted, which is presented using the mathematical apparatus of the vector representation of the essence of objects. The steps of the algorithm of the performance monitoring subsystem in the automated control system are developed and the features of the application of the developed monitoring subsystem in processing enterprises are presented on the example of processing bauxite, oil and solid household waste.