The behavior of cambered belts transiting cylindrical rollers

The lateral deformations of webs in roll-to-roll process machines can affect the quality of the manufactured products. Webs with simple nonuniform length variation across their width (camber) will steer toward the long side, leading to the steady state lateral deformation and hence registration. Most previous studies have focused on a cambered web in a free span between two rollers. These studies assume some displacement and slope boundary conditions are known and seek the remaining conditions that would dictate the steady state lateral deformation of the web. This article focuses on the lateral behavior of a cambered web belt transiting between two aligned rollers as the simplest case of multiple span cambered web. Dynamic simulation has been conducted to better understand the response of a cambered web under tension that has been witnessed in tests. There are no boundary conditions enforced and no steady state deformation of the cambered webs. Thus there is no closed-form solution to the lateral movement of a cambered web transits over multiple rollers. This explained why the previous research focused more on the experimental exploration without few theoretical validations. The web travels toward the long side continually from one span to the next until a web guide attempts to return the web to an acceptable lateral location in the process machine.

Comparative Study of Existing Cement Fly Ash Gravel pile and Encased Stone Column Composite Foundation

The Cement Fly Ash and Gravel (CFG) Pile and Encased Stone Column (ESC) are the ground improvement techniques. The main object of the study is to the numerical analysis of the Both techniques pile group were used to support the Embankment with and without the geotextile both techniques composite foundation by the Finite Element method under static and dynamic load analysis. Numerical simulation has been carried out in Plaxis 3D. A case study from china’s highspeed embankment supported by CFG and ESC have investigated the load caring capacity by soil and pile. While the failure behaviors, settlement, excess pore pressure, and lateral behavior with variable embankment loading and number of geosynthetic effect moreover, the diameter of CFG piles and ESC at various locations in an embankment has been varied to study its influence on the load distribution among the CFG piles/ESC and lateral load displacement of the pile group. The results show that increasing the diameter of both techniques reduced the total settlement and differential settlement of embankment. It observed that the seismic load has a significant effect on the vertical and lateral displacement.

Numerical Study on the Effect of 185/65R14 Tire Rim Width on Dynamic Performance of a B Class Vehicle Model

ABSTRACT In this study, the effect of a passenger car radial tire rim width on its force and moment characteristics (behavior) and subsequently on a vehicle dynamic performance is investigated. The study on the sensitivity of tire behavior to changing its rim width was carried out using the finite element method with the help of Abaqus. For this purpose, the finite element models of a 185/65R14 tire with two rim widths of 5.5″ and 6″ were created and compared in terms of steady-state longitudinal, steady-state lateral, transient longitudinal, and transient lateral behavior, by simulation of stiffness measuring and slip tests. To investigate the effect of rim width on vehicle dynamic performance, several road tests were simulated using a full vehicle dynamic model from CarSim. In each test, at least one of the parameters associated with the discussion of vehicle dynamic performance evaluation including brake distance, understeer gradient, vehicle slip angle, lateral deviation, and roll angle is measured. The vehicle model used is one of the B class instant vehicle models from CarSim, for which this tire size is appropriate. For all subsystems except tires, the same default values were used. For tires, the Pacejka 5.2 tire model is used. Numerical values of the coefficients of this tire model are calculated by fitting the curves of the tire forces and moments obtained from the finite element simulation of required tire tests. The results of the road test simulations have shown that the vehicle with the narrower rim has the better braking ability, but its other behavioral aspects are weaker.