The Quranic Concept of Admonition from Tadhkīr bil-āthār-al-qadīmah and Archaeology its Academic status in the criticism of Orientalism

‘Elm-al-Tadhkīr be-Ayyām illāh is a sub kind of usūl-al-tafseīr (principles of exegesis). It is also known as ‘elm-al-qaṣaṣ which is also defined as a branch of history studies. The history and events of the prophets and their nations are mentioned in Quran. From this history, Quran invite us to gain admonition. Tadhkīr bil-āthār-al-qadīmah is a sub branch of ‘elm-al-Tadhkīr by-Ayyām illāh. In Arab, many relics exists about the Quranic history, which shows the history and culture of ancient Arabs. Archeology is one of authenticating tool and source of history. Modern research archaeology encompassed and found many lost nations and their history as well as. Therefore, orientalists excavated the Quranic historical sites and discovered many relics for research. They compiled research on their discoveries and criticized the Quranic history. Orientalists like Dan Gibsan, Nickelson wrote famous books on Quranic history and geography in the light of archaeological researches. There is a great significance and academic status of archaeological research especially in modern renaissance of classical history. In the light of this subject, the archeology has great importance for the Quranic ancient’s history and the criticism of orientalist’s theories about the mentioned history. This paper discussed about the Quranic concept of admonition regarding archeology and its academic status in the criticism of the Oriental’s theories.

Classical History between Epic and Rhetoric

This chapter establishes the foundations on which the rest of the book is built since post-classical scholarship largely develops from classical models or is shaped by its reaction against those models. The chapter addresses a series of conceptual issues that have recurring relevance, including: differing conceptions of the nature of historical truth; the relationship between History and ethnography; the relationship between rhetoric and historianship; the relationship between philosophy, poetry, and History; and the relationship between ‘useful’ and ‘pleasurable’ Histories. In a more empirical vein the chapter discusses the relationship between Greek and Roman historianship and accounts for different tendencies in the development of historiography in each culture—tendencies like a greater or lesser interest in the outside world, and a greater or lesser interest in individuals as opposed to power structures or the study of society and culture. The question of the consciousness of qualitative historical change is also discussed in the case of a number of historians. In the 900 or so years of historianship covered in this chapter no rationale for History that is present at or near the outset was ruled out by the end, though of course many avenues of possibility were more fully explored. It is more than coincidence that the survey opens and closes with species of History as Identity, beginning with the most elementary type of that genre: genealogy.

Roman History and the Status of Women

Chapter 3 locates William Thomas’s (d.1554) translation of a succinct but significant moment of the AUC concerning the repeal of the Lex Oppia, a sumptuary law targeting women in particular. The episode shows the women of Rome taking to the streets to demand the law’s repeal, forcing senators and tribunes alike to acknowledge their protest. Thomas thus chose to adapt one of the most arresting examples of women’s engagement in Roman politics. By choosing Livy as a champion of female autonomy, he went firmly against the contemporary grain, vying against more frequent appeals to the AUC as a means of censuring women’s dress and behaviour. Thomas was most probably alerted to this way of reading Livy during his extensive travel in Italy. During the Quattrocento, there had emerged a series of speeches and tracts concerning the status of women, which had similarly harnessed Livy in the defence of womankind. This chapter explores how Thomas was able combine these arguments with his own reading of classical history, producing a bold intervention in the Renaissance querelle des femmes.

PENGALAMAN BERLITERASI PENULIS DI KOTA BANDUNG DALAM PEMERTAHANAN BUDAYA LOKAL SUNDA

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan pengalaman berliterasi penulis di Kota Bandung dalam menjalani perannya sebagai penulis Sunda.Pokok bahasan yang digali meliputi aspek pendorong menjadi penulis Sunda, pilihan jenis dan tema tulisan untuk menyampaikan perasaan dan pikiran penulis, serta aspek harapan dalam menjalani peran sebagai penulis Sunda.Metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi digunakan untuk menguraikan pengalaman pada penulis Sunda dalam berliterasi. Wawancara mendalam dan penelusuran literatur digunakan untuk memperoleh data dari 8 penulis yang menjadi informan penelitian ini. Hasil studi menunjukkan, lingkungan dan kebiasaan membaca menjadi faktor utama yang mendorong penulis untuk menulis dalam bahasa Sunda. Tulisan fiksi dan nonfiksi menjadi pilihan penulis untuk menyampaikan pikiran dan perasannya melalui tulisan. Masalah sosial, sejarah klasik Sunda, kearifan lokal, humor, dan peristiwa aktual menjadi pilihan tema dalam tulisan para informan. Adapun yang menjadi aspek harapan sebagai penulis Sunda adalah memelihara keberlangsungan bahasa Sunda, serta berharap dapat membawa budaya Sunda ke peradaban global. Kata kunci: Literasi, Budaya Sunda, Penulis Sunda, Pelestarian Budaya ABSTRACTThis research aims to describe the author's experience in doing literacy as a Sundanese writer in Bandung City. The subject explored includes the driving aspects of being a Sundanese writer, choice of types and themes of writing, as well as aspects of hope in carrying out the role as a Sundanese writer. The qualitative method with a phenomenological approach is used to describe the experience of Sundanese writers in literacy. In-depth interviews and literature were used to obtain data from 8 writers who became informants of this study. The result shows that environment and reading habits are the main factors that encourage writers to write in the Sundanese language. Fiction and nonfiction literature contents are used to convey a writer’s thoughts and feelings through writing. Social problems, Sundanese classical history, local wisdom, humor, and actual events are the themes in the informants' writings. The aspect of hope as a Sundanese writer is to maintain the continuity of Sundanese language, and hope to bring Sundanese culture to global civilization.Keywords: Literacy, Sundanese Culture, Sundanese Writers, Cultural Preservation

Sexual and Erotic Transgression Through Aesthetic History: A Study of Algernon Charles Swinburne

This article examines the relationship between Algernon Charles Swinburne’s poetic writing and history, especially in regards to how he explores sexual transgressions. The article begins with how aestheticism works in tangent with history to further these transgressions within a historical context and especially within the realm of Victorian Christianity. Next, Swinburne’s medieval aesthetics in “The Leper” will be analyzed in regards specifically necrophilia and the taking care of a leper, and how the writing of this poem was both a condemnation of Christianity and an accidental upholding of it. The violent homoeroticism and monstrous femininity of “Anactoria” are also looked at in reference to a classical history and how he tried and failed to use homoeroticism to his advantage in attempting to transgress against Victorian ideals. Finally, an examination of the relationship between Swinburne’s writing and history will conclude that Swinburne damned his own pre-Raphaelite/aesthetic movement as well as the Decadence movement that came after by accidentally associating these sexual and gender oriented transgressions with aestheticism.

Mosques and Muslim Social Integration: Study of External Integration of the Muslims

This article aims to explore the relation between mosques and external social integration of history both classic and modern times in Indonesia which has majority Muslim societies and Europe which has the minority. The method used in this study is library research. The result shows that mosques have played important roles in making efforts for external social integration of Muslims, such as the practice of the Prophet Muhammad who united Muslim Muhajirites (those who migrated from Mecca) and Anshar (indigenous Madinah) at Madinah Mosque. Another finding shows that the traces of non-Islam are existed in the Mosques. The mosque recognized domes and towers (manarah) as non-Islamic civilizations. Mosques definitely have a significant role to strengthen the external integration of Muslim either in classical history or in contemporary time.

“History Is Our Playground”: Action and Authenticity in Assassin's Creed: Odyssey

OverviewUbisoft's Assassin's Creed series is one the entertainment industry's most popular titles set in the past. With a new game released on an annual basis—each full of distinct historical places, events, and people—the series has unfolded across post-classical history, from the Levant during the Third Crusade to Victorian-era London. The 2017 release of Assassin's Creed: Origins, which entailed a massive reconstruction of Hellenistic Egypt, pushed the series even further back in time. With it, Ubisoft also launched its Discovery Tour, allowing players to explore the game's setting at their leisure and without combat. These trends continued in 2018's Assassin's Creed: Odyssey, set in Greece during the Peloponnesian War. This review discusses the narrative, world, and gameplay of the latest Assassin's Creed within the series more broadly. We provide a critical appraisal of the experience that Odyssey offers and link it to this question: in the Assassin's Creed series, do we engage in meaningful play with the past, or are we simply assassinating our way through history?