Kultura ma znaczenie – implikacje dla strategii budowania rzeczywistości wychowawczej i kultury pedagogicznej

The considerations presented are an attempt to search for analogies between the influence of culture on the wellbeing of nations and the influence of pedagogical culture on the well-being of growing up generations. Raising the level of pedagogical culture, especially of parents, should be an important task of the Polish school. A somewhat forgotten tool for its realization is the pedagogization of parents, the rank of which should be systemically raised to a level ensuring its universal application. Therefore there is a need for a new, educational paradigm of school.

Education in Cybernetic Illumination by Marian Mazur

The article presents the cybernetic approach and justifications of the same kind for highlighting flaws in the functioning of today’s, still unchanged, mass school, proffered by Marian Mazur, the founder of the Polish school of cybernetics. This author analyses all the important dimensions of school functioning – from the content, through methodology to its organisation – pointing to the rationality of an optimising cybernetic approach to education, which is perfectly consistent with the common sense feeling about the weakness of schools. Although Mazur’s analyses date back to the 1960s, they seem to be applicable today not only to our country, but also to the entire world.

The Beginnings of Psychoanalysis in Poland Before the First World War

So far, the origins of Polish psychoanalysis have remained in historical obscurity. Today few people remember that at the start of the twentieth century psychoanalysis sparked a debate and divided physicians, psychologists and pedagogues into its followers and opponents in partitioned Poland. The debate about psychoanalysis played out with the most dynamism in the scientific community of Polish neurologists and psychiatrists, where most of the first Polish psychoanalysts were based: Ludwig Jekels, Stefan Borowiecki, Jan Nelken, Herman Nunberg and Karol de Beaurain. Their efforts to popularize psychoanalytic therapy resulted in the entire scientific session being devoted to psychoanalysis at the Second Congress of Neurologists, Psychiatrists and Psychologists in Krakow in 1912. This paper illustrates the profiles of individuals who were involved in the popularization of Polish psychoanalytic thought and demonstrates a variety of reactions provoked by psychoanalytic ideas in scientific circles. It also sets out to piece together the development of Polish psychoanalysis as a whole before the First World War, suggesting that this first wave of interest might in some ways amount to a historically overlooked pre-war Polish school.

The Tradition of Polish Radio Reportage

This article is an attempt to present the history of Polish radio reportage in a synthetic way, pointing out the most important features of the genre as well as the specificity of the Polish School of Reportage. The qualities developed there (including the “purity of form” and authenticity of sound) became dis­tinguishing elements of the Polish reportage in the international arena. The artistic value of the audio creations makes today’s radio art researchers situate both radio play and sound reportage in the category of audio literature. This paper presents the development of radio reportage, taking into account the his­torical context as well as the communication perspective. Pointing to the aes­thetic function of the message, the reportage is defined as a work of radio art, considered in terms of artistic impact.

Opowiadanie obrazem: autorski plakat społeczny

The aim of the article is to present the theoretical assumptions of the phenomenon that can be described as a “social poster”. In the first part of the work, I describe the origins, sources and historical context of the creation and functioning of the so-called Polish School of Posters. It is a school which, at the turn of several decades of the last century, built the significance of the poster, not only as an artistic work (with a clearly visible aesthetic function), but also as a product with a strong social impact. The second part of the text is definitely more personal. In it, I present the subject of my posters as well as the events and impulses that prompted me to undertake it. For me, the decisive elements in the selection of topics are society and the changes taking place in it. And the poster is, in my opinion, the most human form of conveying thoughts in urban space, and at the same time an important voice in the “street fight”.

NATIONAL POLISH SCHOOL AND RUSSIAN BUREAUCRACY, 1905–1907

The history of the movement for a national Polish school in 1905–1907 was for a long time a part of research on the history of the first Russian revolution; the “school strike” in the Kingdom of Poland was studied separately, but the position of the top Russian bureaucracy on that issue was not considered in detail. The article considers an evolution in the positions of the top Russian bureaucracy on the issue of teaching in Polish in the schools of the Kingdom of Poland during the first Russian revolution. For the first time, the differences between the positions of official Petersburg and the provincial administration of the Kingdom of Poland are shown. The provincial administration was more interested in achieving stability in the province by liberal methods and was ready to make concessions when the members of the Council of Ministers and Nicholas II initially held an ambiguous stance. Based on the analysis of the interdepartmental correspondence, part of which is introduced in the scientific circulation for the first time, it is concluded that hesitation of the tsarist government in resolving the issue of the national Polish school did not contribute to the stabilization of the situation in the region during the revolution, and the winning liberal course did not have the anticipated effect.

Wielkie tęsknoty ludzkości (mistyka – matematyka – magia)

The second volume of the three-part series of Professor Krzysztof Maurin’s works – an eminent mathematician, the founder of the Polish school of mathematical physics, a philosopher and a thinker – contains texts copied from the author’s notes. The chapters devoted to mathematics on the one hand express the view about the organic relation between mathematics and humanities, and on the other, show that mathematics has the language of symbols which allow to encompass a much wider area of thought.