An Analysis of Pakistan’s National Curriculum of Mathematics at Secondary level

The purpose of the study were to analyze the Curriculum document of National Curriculum of mathematics of secondary grades. The study employed qualitative research paradigm within it the discourse analysis technique was used to analyze the mathematics curriculum document. Discourse analysis helps in understanding the written, spoken and signs language used in any document analysis. The sample of the study were foreword, introduction, objectives, reviewer’s notes and list of reviewers, the sections of mathematics in the national curriculum of mathematics (2006) for secondary grades. The findings of the study revealed that the National Curriculum of mathematics (NCM) 2006 was focused on transfer of Knowledge. However, it neglected the conceptual understanding of essential subject matter. It has been also discovered that the content of the mathematics is not taught according to the prescribed curriculum. Moreover, standard were not implemented properly. The role learners were recipient of knowledge and that of teachers is transmitter .Thus, it neglected the participatory and constructive approach of teaching and learning mathematics. Moreover, the curriculum ideology was not considered while developing the mathematics curriculum. It is suggested that the curriculum developers should revisit the policy on social constructive approach so that curriculum can be taught conceptually rather than standard based. Moreover, formative assessment should be included throughout the year rather taking annual examinations. It is recommended that teachers should impart mathematics education by linking math to social context and encourage students to construct meanings socially.

Impacts COVID-19 pandemic Diseases on Ethiopian Agriculture, Food Systems, Industries, and Mitigation and Adaptation Strategy

The COVID-19 pandemic is a recent outbreak in almost all parts of the world including Ethiopia influencing the socio-economy of people and mainly threatening the agriculture and food security of the least developed countries. The current desk review and opinion synthesis by a multi-disciplinary team of experts from Haramaya University aimed at assessing the probable impact of the virus on the Ethiopian agriculture and food security and suggesting the possible mitigation and adaptation strategies to all responsible. Experts’ opinion and desk review of existing information were employed for the analysis and conclusions drawn, due to the difficulty of data generation at this time of movement restriction and poor database availability on websites of relevant institutions. Accordingly, the information gathered were synthesised and described following the major stages of food supply chains as production, handling and storage, processing and packaging, distribution and marketing, and consumption are key messages drawn from the overall assessment.

The Gap in Economic Growth from Foreign Investment and Domestic Investment across Provinces in Indonesia

The study aims to determine the effect of Foreign Investment (FDI) and Domestic Investment (PMDN) on Cross-Province Economic Growth in Indonesia in 2014-2018. This study uses secondary data with Panel and Poled data consisting of 34 provinces in Indonesia, and use the 5 years time-series data during 2014-2018. The analytical method used is the panel regression analysis method with the Fixed Effect model and poled model. The results showed that foreign investment and domestic investment had a positive and significant effect on economic growth across provinces in Indonesia. Furthermore, the results of the study show that foreign investment and domestic investment have a significant and positive effect on economic growth in 8 provinces in Indonesia, and the foreign investment has a significant and positive influence on economic growth in 9 Provinces in Indonesia. However, only North Maluku, where foreign investment has a significant and negative effect on economic growth, and domestic investment significantly and positively affects economic growth in 6 provinces in Indonesia.

Effectiveness of Participatory Planning for Community Development: A Case Study on Ward No-6 in Pabna Municipality

In modern-day global, network participation is taken into consideration as the prerequisite of sustainable urban improvement. Its levels from just informing people approximately the plan or improvement projects utilizing the humans. However, public participation in neighborhood authorizes led applications is nonetheless confined in Bangladesh. Increasingly, community participation is considered important in ensuring the sustainability of community utility services. In return, better access to all service facilities such as water supply, gas supply, transportation, health care, recreational area, electricity supply, etc. are important in the development of the living standard of the communities of an area. As the rate of community participation, this paper reconnoiters the extent of public participation in spatial planning performs in the Pabna municipality built totally on the citizen’s responses. Data were collected from community service facilities of ward no-06 in Pabna Municipality, Pabna District. Community Effect Index (CEI) and User Satisfaction Index (USI) were used to assess the performance of the community level utility services. The results indicate whether community-level utility services were effective or not. There is a general need to improve the quality and quantity of other services facilities like recreation facility, market facility, health facility, solid waste management system and transportation facility, and a need to improve authorized sections i.e. Municipality authority as well as NGOs to provide better services in this area.

Effect of Dimensions of Workplace Spiritualism: Meaningful Work, Sense of Community, Organizational Values and Compassion with Reference to Job Satisfaction

Workplace spiritualism (WS), although a newer concept, is seen to have gained tremendous importance in the recent years and is expected to furthermore expand in scope and applicability in future The objective of this research paper is to understand the impact of workplace spiritualism on the degree of job satisfaction of employees with special reference to IT industry. Through this research impact of Workplace Spiritualism on enhancing employee performance was studied. The methodology used was articulating the problem, formulating the hypothesis and collection of facts from survey. An empirical study was carried out to get the results for this research study. A total of 110 completed questionnaires were received. Descriptive Statistics, casual research and correlations were carried out. Four main dimensions used for measuring the spiritualism at the workplace are identified which include meaningful work; sense of community; organizational values as well as compassion. The results of this study showed that all the four dimensions of WS have a significantly strong as well as positive relationship with the level of employee job satisfaction. Sense of community as well as organizational values are the two most important dimensions influencing job satisfaction. The paper recommends that WS should be enhanced in the IT sector since it influences job satisfaction and employee performance. The study would be useful for the policy makers, researchers and HR professionals to understand the importance of WS in IT sector.

Improving Students' Problem Solving Ability and Mathematical Communication through the Application of Problem Based Learning

The purpose of this study was to determine the improvement of students' mathematical problem solving and communication skills using problem-based learning better than ordinary learning; to determine the interaction between learning and early mathematical abilities to increase students' mathematical problem solving and communication skills; to find out how the process of answers made by students in solving problems in problem-based learning and ordinary learning. This type of research is quasi-experimental. The population in this study were all grade VII students of SMP Lhokseumawe who were accredited and the samples were randomly selected, namely: SMPN 10 consisted of class VII-4 (experimental class) and class VII-2 (control class), SMPN 11 Lhokseumawe consisted of class VII- 3 (experimental class) and class VII-1 (control class). Data analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA. The results of this study indicate that there is an increase in the problem-solving ability and mathematical communication of students using problem-based learning better than students who receive regular learning; there is no interaction between learning and the level of students 'ability to increase students' problem-solving abilities and mathematical communication; the process of solving the problem of students' answers to learning using problem-based learning is better than ordinary learning.