Exploring the relationship between KIBS co-location and the innovativeness of the manufacturing firms in Latin America

Literature has provided empirical evidence showing the importance of location for understanding KIBS effective service provision. According to territorial servitization postulates KIBS are also fundamental for the development of the manufacturing firms. Despite KIBS can be an important source of innovation, limited attention is paid of KIBS in Latin America region. The purpose of this research is analysing the relationship between KIBS co-location and innovativeness of the manufacturing firms. Drawing on the World Bank Enterprise Survey 2017 for Latin-American countries, authors analyse 3,029 manufacturing firms using OLS method. Findings indicate that manufacturing firms’ location based on KIBS proximity is a critical determinant of innovativeness. This relationship is considerably stronger in Central American countries, where according to our data there is KIBS scarcity.

Panel analysis of the creation of new KIBS in Spain: The role of manufacturing and regional innovation systems (RIS).

Territorial servitization is a topic of interest due its impact on regional growth and innovation. Considering that the formation of new KIBS is a good indicator of such TS process and with the aim of contributing to the empirical literature on this topic, this study analyses to what extent the ‘manufacturing quality’ and ‘innovation environment’ profiles determined the different types of new knowledge intensive business services (KIBS). The research tackles the creation of new KIBS in 17 Spanish regions for the period 2000 to 2016 in the respective regions. The results reveal that new KIBS were deeply affected by economic changes that happened as a result of the great 2008 crisis and some KIBS categories are more affected by the techno-economic environment than others.

Servitizacion and territorial self reinforcing mechanisms: a new approach to regional competitiveness

The present paper discusses a theoretical model to explain the link between servitization and territorial competitiveness based on the situation in Italy. A key assumption of the model is that once the link between manufacturing and KIBS is established within a TES, there is a positive feedback between the increasing productivity (competitiveness) and the link between firms and KIBS, which becomes stronger and stronger triggering a self-reinforcing dynamic. This means that every evolutionary step of the system influences the next and thus the evolution of the entire system, so generating path dependence. Such a system has a high number of asymptotic states, and the initial state (time zero), unforeseen shocks, or other kinds of fluctuations, can lead the system into any of the different domains of the asymptotic states (1). In other words, both the theoretical assumptions and the empirical model outlined in this paper demonstrate that when a functional relationship between manufacturing and services is established (servitization), economic performance is positive or very positive.

Does distance really matters? Assessing the role of KIBS proximity in firm´'s servitization capacity: evidence from the Basque Country

Servitization strategy is increasingly recognized as a key source of value with important competitive and economic potential across the globe. Over the years, it has been proven to contribute to territorial performance through the provision of services to manufacturing businesses. Such contribution, however, has been to a large extent consequential to the configuration of local industrial structures, and most importantly, by interconnectedness between manufacturing firms and knowledge intensive business services (KIBS) firms. Hence, the process of territorial servitization is highly conditioned to the association between manufacturing businesses and KIBS firms. To date, territorial servitization literature mostly describes the implications of KIBS firms for service deployment and service innovation in manufacturing, considering knowledge and technological capabilities as main variables for its success. Nevertheless, the literature is silent on how geographical distance between KIBS firms and manufacturing companies may affect servitization capacity. Therefore, this research attempts to disclose the importance of geographical distance of KIBS firms in manufacturers´ servitization capacity. In doing so, we analyze two manufacturing companies; Alpha and Beta, both located in the Basque country but collaborating with KIBS firms in different geographical areas, “inside” and “outside” the Basque region. Through a qualitative study based on (1) measuring firm’s capacity for servitization, and (2) in-depth interviews, results suggest that geographical distance in terms of proximity plays a key role on the KIBS-Manufacturer relationship for servitization capacity, and require to be considered as an important aspect for successful territorial servitization.

The role of county competitiveness and manufacturing activity on the development of business service sectors: A precursor to territorial servitization

This study evaluates how regional competitiveness and relevant properties of the manufacturing industry—i.e., size and rate of manufacturing firms—impact changes in the rate of business service firms. By employing fixed-effects regression models on a sample of 81 Costa Rican counties during 2010-2016, the findings reveal that the quality of the local environment positively affects business service specialization. Besides, manufacturing businesses contribute to increase in rate of business services; however, this effect is only significant in counties with a greater manufacturing base, that is, in counties with a critical mass of manufacturers, in terms of number of manufacturers.

Territorial servitization: Conceptualization, quantification and research agenda

Territorial servitization is the analysis of how manufacturing firms and knowledge-intensive business service (KIBS) sectors collaborate in working towards a renaissance of manufacturing competitiveness within regions of developed economies. This editorial note provides four insights. First, it sums up the existing body of knowledge on the topic. Second, it quantifies and maps the territorial servitization activity in Spanish regions. Third, it presents and reflects on the collection of five papers in this special issue, which bring new insights into how geographical proximity, innovation systems, and KIBS heterogeneity benefit our understanding of territorial servitization. Finally, the study provides a number of yet unresolved topics that deserve further academic attention.

La reactivación de las migraciones internas entre los jóvenes españoles: selectividad migratoria y acumulación del capital humano cualificado

Durante los primeros quince años del siglo XXI, la movilidad de larga distancia se ha incrementado entre la población española. La emigración de jóvenes cualificados hacia el extranjero ha ocupado una posición preferente en el debate académico, pero las migraciones interregionales en función del nivel educativo, que son mayoritarias respecto a la movilidad exterior, no han sido tratadas con la atención que merecen. En este aspecto, se observan dinámicas migratorias diferenciadas: los titulados universitarios de las regiones del interior peninsular y la Cornisa Cantábrica emigran más hacia otras CC. AA., mientras que la población sin estudios superiores presenta índices migratorios más o menos estables. En la otra cara de la moneda se encuentra Madrid, que aumenta su capacidad de atracción hacia los universitarios del resto de España, al mismo tiempo que expulsa a su población menos cualificada hacia el norte de Castilla-La Mancha.

DELIMITACIÓN DE INGRESOS PÚBLICOS APLICABLES EN LOS DESTINOS TURÍSTICOS ESPAÑOLES

Los poderes públicos han desempeñado un papel clave en la competitividad turística, al recaer sobre este agente la obligación de proporcionar distintas infraestructuras y garantizar distintos servicios tanto al turista como al propio destino turístico. Las administraciones públicas de los territorios en los que el turismo tiene un peso importante para la economía española han puesto de manifiesto determinados problemas de financiación. Ante lo cual, la implantación de instrumentos fiscales específicos que graven dicha actividad y que recaigan sobre los agentes participantes en el sector, pueden contribuir a obtener la financiación necesaria para abordar distintas políticas públicas.

Analysis of European interregional cooperation under Interreg programmes. The case of Spain

The present article provides a detailed overview regarding the position of Spain and its Autonomous Communities in the European Territorial Cooperation (Interreg) programmes where the whole country (or some regions) are eligible. This analysis compares the presence (in terms of participation in projects funded by these programmes) of Spain, focusing on three main variables: the regional scope, that is the relative presence of each Autonomous Community, the thematic scope, in terms of the different thematic axes of the programme, and in terms of the institutional scope, in terms of the typology of participating institutions. To perform this analysis, a brand new data base has been generated, aggregating and treating data from eight different sources linked to the four programmes analysed: Interregs Europe, Atlantic, Mediterranean, and South West. Our study aims at providing a sound overview and relevant conclusions that can support, besides the academic approach, the decision-making process towards the definition of the next Interreg programming period 2021-2027, considering Spain as a key example.

Networks and the location of foreign migrants: evidence for Southern Europe

This paper investigates the effect of co-national immigrant´s communities (social networks) and historical international trade relationships (business networks) on the decision of migrants to locate in a particular province within Italy, Portugal and Spain. We check whether these decisions are locally bounded or spur in neighboring territories and find that spatial dependence matters. Once it is accounted for, social networks enhance immigration of co-nationals, a positive effect that is moderated if contiguous provinces have large co-nationals communities. For the case of business networks, contiguous provinces having commercial linkages with the immigrants’ origin country compete as alternative destinations.