Design and Modeling of a Carbon Capturing Membrane for Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle Power Plant

The main idea of this research paper is to provide an innovative way of capturing carbon dioxide emissions from a coal powered power plant. This research paper discusses the design and modeling of a carbon capturing membrane which is being used in an IGCC power plant to capture carbon dioxide from its exhaust gases. The modeling and design of the membrane is done using CFD software namely Ansys workbench. The design and modeling is done using two simulations, one describes the design and structure and the second one demonstrates the working mechanism of the membrane. This paper also briefly discusses IGCC which is environmentally benign compared to traditional pulverized coal-fired power plants, and economically feasible compared to the Natural Gas Combine Cycle (NGCC). IGCC power plant is more diverse and offers flexibility in fuel utility. This paper also incorporates a PFD of integrated gasification power plant with the carbon capturing membrane unit integrated in it. Index Terms: Integrated gasification combined cycle power plant, Carbon capture and storage, Gas permeating membrane, CFD based design of gas permeating membrane.

Optimized Production of Syngas from Rice Hush Using Steam Explosion in Dual Fluidized Bed Gasifier

Converting rice husk into energy is a promising method of generating renewable energy and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. In this research rice hush is considered as biomass fuel. The characteristics of rice husk gasification were investigated at an Equivalence Ratio (ER) of 0.25–0.38 and a gasifier temperature of 750-870°C in 20 tons per day (TPD) using steam explosion process in fluidized bed gasifier system. Different operation conditions, temperatures and loads, are investigated for their effects on the compositions, calorific properties, gasification efficiencies of syngas. The effects of the critical parameters, namely, Steam-to-Biomass Ratio (S/B), Particle size variation and gasification temperature on the quality of the product gas as well as the gasifier cold gas efficiency were analyzed. This is the new finding in the research. The optimal conditions of the gasification operation were an ER of 0.20 and gasifier temperature of 800°C. The low heating value of the gas product and cold gas efficiency were 1390kcal/Nm³ and 75%, respectively. After passing the generated gas through the gas cleaning units, it was confirmed that the tar in the product gas was removed with an efficiency of 98%. The cleaned product gas was used for the operation of 420kW, gas engine. Pressure loss often occurred at the bottom of the gasifier during the gasification operation; we found that the agglomerates generated by the gasification process caused it. To prevent the pressure loss caused by the agglomerates, the stable control of temperature inside the gasifier is needed and an ash removal device remove agglomerates should be installed to maintain stable long-term operation. This paper leads towards the production of Syngas and further on the electricity from the rice husk, an eminent biomass, copiously available all around the world. Especially in Pakistan, the rice is used abundantly so the raw material is easily available. The gas is produced using the gasification process in dual fluidized gasifier. It is a wonderful alternative to the natural gas with high calorific value. The sulfur contents are quite less compared to natural gas. It also have a good correlation with environment as flue gases emission is negligible relative to other source like coal, wood, plastic, waste etc. Another benefit of this process is the waste management and pollution control. The results are developed by using the detailed analysis of the process values of plants which is generating electricity by rice husk gasification. We learned, all results revealed that the dual fluidized bed gasification is more economical and efficient method compared to all other methods for commercial scale production of syngas. Results are analyzed which imply that the biomass is more gigantic source which replace the fossil fuels and leads towards the green energy in a more economical way. This paper provides an overview of previous works on combustion and gasification of rice husk in atmospheric fluiuidized bed reactors and summarizes the state of the art knowledge. As the high ash content, low bulk density, p characteristics and low ash melting point makes the other types of reactors like grate furnaces and downdraft gasifers either inefficient or unsuitable for rice husk conversion to energy, the fluiuidized bed reactor seems to be the promising choice. The overview shows that the reported results are from only small bench or lab scale units. Although a combustion efficiency of about 80% can normally be attained; the reported values in the literature, which are more than 95%, seem to be in higher order. Combustion intensity of about 530kg/h/m² is reported. It is also technically feasible to gasify rice husk in a fluidized bed reactor to yield combustible producer gas, even with sufficient heating value for application in internal combustion engines.

Simulation and Optimization of Polymerization Reactor for the Production of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET)

The sole objective of this paper is to investigate Simulation and Optimization process for the production of polyethylene terephthalate, the biggest polymer being consumed all over the world. In this way, two polymerization reactors are replaced with one polymerization reactor. In this way equipment and operating and many other cost was reduced. Discussion has also been made on the optimum temperature and pressure along with most suitable catalyst. The objective function for the polymerization reactor is to maximize the production as well as conversion. It is found that the reactor should be operated at a high temperature initially to obtain high conversion of Dimethyl Terephthalate (DMT) first, but then it should be lowered to reduce the formation of side products. Previous work was done on Simulation for the batch reactor only but in this work the Simulation was applied to the continuous polymerization reactor and results is investigated.