OCCIPITALISATION OF ATLAS VERTEBRA AND ITS CLINICAL FRAMES OF REFERENCE- AN ANALYSIS

Vertebral column is made of 33 vertebrae named as cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral and coccygeal vertebrae. Axial skeleton comprises of skull and vertebral column. 12 pairs of cranial nerves and 31 pairs of spinal nerves exit from the central nervous system which control the entire body. Malformations or fusion of vertebrae could be one of the etiologies of nerve compression syndromes. Vital structures emerge out through intervertebral foramina extending from cervical to coccygeal vertebrae. Occipitalisation of atlas, the first cervical vertebra is one of the emergencies leading to wide spectrum of presentations like chronic neck pain or foramen magnum syndrome or unconscious state due to compression of medulla oblongata. During routine examination of skull bones while teaching, one skull was found to exhibit assimilation of atlas. Photographs were captured and compared with normal skull. Thorough examination revealed incomplete occipitalisation of atlas. The anterior arch was completely fused but the posterior arch was bifid showing a split. The styloid process on right side seemed to be long and very close leading to compression of structures of styloid apparatus in addition. On observation, it was found to be a male skull. Fusion of vertebrae may be a congenital anomaly due to maldevelopment of somites in forming vertebrae. Skeletal element of caudal 4th occipital somite forms the occipital bone and when it is fused with the proximal 1st cervical somite leads to occipitalisation of atlas. Acquired conditions like atlantoaxial subluxation, chiari malformations or cervical vertebral fusion or foramen magnum abnormalities have been associated with assimilation of atlas. The present study reports occipitalisation of atlas which is incomplete with a bifid posterior arch. Prevalence of such anomalies may form the differential diagnosis of chronic headache or myelopathies.

EVALUATION OF INTEGRATED APPROACH OF PSYCHO AND YOGA THERAPY IN MANAGEMENT OF ANXIETY NEUROSIS: A CASE STUDY

Case study of a 45-year-old male patient with sedentary life style, diagnosed with anxiety disorder (Neurosis) and other anxiety related problems since 2004. He undergone with integrated approach of psycho & yoga therapy (IAPYT) for 15 days at Psycho Clinic, Dev Sanskriti Vishwavidyalaya in Uttarakhand between September and October 2009. The results showed that reduction in anxiety symptoms. There was significant reduction of psychological parameter scores after 15 days of IAPYT intervention. The percentage change of trait anxiety was 60.42%% after Integrated Yoga Therapy. His anxiety symptoms minimized and blood pressure, respiratory rate, pulse rate came to normal condition at the time of discharge. There was improvement in feeling of wellness and overall functional health. This case report suggested that the yogic lifestyle and IAPYT intervention are beneficial in treating anxiety disorders.

PRECONCEPTIONAL SIGNIFICANCE OF PANCHKARMA THERAPIES FOR HEALTHY PROGENY

Reproduction is the main aim of human Life & it’s not possible without conception. A healthy progeny is desired by every parents. This study is an attempt to have a glance on the significance of the panchkarma therapies for Beej shudhi & sharir shudhi prior to conception.

SCRUPULOUS REVIEW ON ‘INTEGRATED PROCTOLOGY’

Background- Proctology involves study of rectum and anal canal. Further, in today’s modernized world, shift duties, stressful life, eating of unhealthy foods makes people more prone to the ano-rectal diseases such as fissure, haemorrhoid, abscess, anal fistula and rectal prolapse etc. Modern medical science has treatment alternatives such as conservative treatment for symptomatic relief along with diet- lifestyle modification, and various surgical interventions etc. with due risk and varied prognosis. In Ayurveda, these common ano rectal problems are termed as gud vikar and Ayurvedic texts suggest fourfold treatment for such as Bheshaj (Medicinal treatment), Kshar karma (Herbal caustic paste), Agnikarma (thermal heat burn) and Shastra karma (Surgery). Method- In this review article, information from modern surgery texts in view of definition, aetiology, patho-physiology, sign and symptoms and available treatment options as per stage of disease and a gist of contemporary texts of Ayurveda related to these gud vikaras such as parikartika, gudarsh, gud vidradhi, bhagandar, nadi vran and guda bramsh have been documented to understand integrated and holistic treatment approach towards various ano rectal problems. Result & Conclusion- The article attempts to simplify proctology and touches maximum aspects of common ano rectal diseases with an integrated approach. Hence, this article will certainly prove useful to proctologist and researchers belonging to field of Modern and Ayurveda, to know about integrated proctology.

A CASE STUDY ON AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT OF DADRU W.S.R TO TINEA CRURIS

Ayurved is time tested science. From ancient to present era its principles never change. With great logics its cure all types of disease. Tinea cruris is fungal infection of the groin region.it is ring like shape with any size. It is found more in male then female. According to ayurved all skin disease comes under kushta vhydhi. Tinea cruris can be correlated with dadru. Dadru is one of the Kshudrakustha with predominance of Pitta and Kapha dosha. 31 years old male suffering from Elevated ring like patch around buttock region, Severe itching, Discoloration/Redness, Burning sensation since last 8 months. He took Modern medicine but no relief from that. With Modern medicine he just got relief from itching, that also reoccur again during night time. Ayurvedic medicines along with good hygiene and some lifestyle modifications give best result.

A CASE STUDY OF MADHUTAILIKA BASTI AND UDVARTANA IN MEDOROGA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO OBESITY

The disease Sthaulya has been mentioned by Acharya Charaka in Ashtaunindita purushadhyaya. symptomps like heaviness and bulkiness of the body due to extreme growth especially in Udaradi (Abdomen) region is termed as “Sthula” and the state (Bhava) of Sthula is called as “Sthaulya”. Charaka has mentioned the Beejadosha Swabhavata as one ofthe important etiological factors besides other for the disease. nowadays maximum percentages of carbohydrates & high-tech machineries which makes a person less active & prone to Sthaulya. organs, Kshudra shwasa, Anga gauravata and other various signs andsymptoms. In modern medical science Sthaulya is compared with Obesity and it is defined asexcess of body fat that poses a health risk. It is caused by excess calorieintake, but endocrine disorders like hypothalamic disorders, Hypothyroidism, Cushing‟s syndrome etc. can also be the cause of Obesity. Here in the case study a female patient of age 44 years presenting with clinical features of Sthaulya and was treated with madhutailik basti and Udvartana got relief within 15 days.