Microbial Stress Responses

2003 ◽  
pp. 582-611 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Microbial Stress

scholarly journals Primed to be strong, primed to be fast: modeling benefits of microbial stress responses

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Wesener ◽  
Britta Tietjen
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Response Strategies ◽  
Early Stress ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Microbial Stress ◽  
Population Performance

ABSTRACT Organisms are prone to different stressors and have evolved various defense mechanisms. One such defense mechanism is priming, where a mild preceding stress prepares the organism toward an improved stress response. This improved response can strongly vary, and primed organisms have been found to respond with one of three response strategies: a shorter delay to stress, a faster buildup of their response or a more intense response. However, a universal comparative assessment, which response is superior under a given environmental setting, is missing. We investigate the benefits of the three improved responses for microorganisms with an ordinary differential equation model, simulating the impact of an external stress on a microbial population that is either naïve or primed. We systematically assess the resulting population performance for different costs associated with priming and stress conditions. Our results show that independent of stress type and priming costs, the stronger primed response is most beneficial for longer stress phases, while the faster and earlier responses increase population performance and survival probability under short stresses. Competition increases priming benefits and promotes the early stress response. This dependence on the ecological context highlights the importance of including primed response strategies into microbial stress ecology.

Microbial stress responses

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1374-1375
Author(s):  
Lawrence P. Wackett
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Microbial Stress

scholarly journals Errors during Gene Expression: Single-Cell Heterogeneity, Stress Resistance, and Microbe-Host Interactions

mBio ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Evans ◽  
Yongqiang Fan ◽  
Kalyn Weiss ◽  
Jiqiang Ling
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Cell Heterogeneity ◽  
Host Interactions ◽  
Physiological Impact ◽  
Microbial Stress ◽  
Different Levels

ABSTRACTGene expression has been considered a highly accurate process, and deviation from such fidelity has been shown previously to be detrimental for the cell. More recently, increasing evidence has supported the notion that the accuracy of gene expression is indeed flexibly variable. The levels of errors during gene expression differ from condition to condition and even from cell to cell within genetically identical populations grown under the same conditions. The different levels of errors resulting from inaccurate gene expression are now known to play key roles in regulating microbial stress responses and host interactions. This minireview summarizes the recent development in understanding the level, regulation, and physiological impact of errors during gene expression.

Evaluating the role of microbial stress response mechanisms in causing biological treatment system upset

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.G. Love ◽  
C.B. Bott
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Operational Strategies ◽  
Environmental Perturbations ◽  
Minimal Damage ◽  
Monitoring Technologies ◽  
Microbial Stress

It is known that microbial stress mechanisms play a significant role in short-term microbial adaptation to environmental perturbations, and activation of these mechanisms enhance a cell's chance for surviving the perturbation with minimal damage. Although the target of these mechanisms is protective at the cellular level, the effect may be disruptive at the macroscopic level in engineered bioreactor systems. In this paper, it is proposed that these mechanisms are activated in response to wastewater influent perturbations and may be a significant cause of activated sludge treatment process upset. Selected microbial stress responses are reviewed and hypotheses indicating their potential role in treatment process upset are proposed. A research approach that was previously used to identify the mechanistic cause of deflocculation during perturbation by electrophilic chemicals is summarized, and a protocol for future experiments geared toward establishing source-cause-effect relationships for a range of wastewater upset conditions is put forth. Identifying source-cause-effect relationships will provide a basis for development of new monitoring technologies and operational strategies for systems under the influence of influent chemical perturbations.

scholarly journals Competitive resource allocation to metabolic pathways contributes to overflow metabolisms and emergent properties in cross-feeding microbial consortia

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross P. Carlson ◽  
Ashley E. Beck ◽  
Poonam Phalak ◽  
Matthew W. Fields ◽  
Tomas Gedeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Biomass Productivity ◽  
Resource Scarcity ◽  
Microbial Consortia ◽  
Emergent Properties ◽  
Overflow Metabolism ◽  
Investment Strategies ◽  
Microbial Stress ◽  
Allocation Strategies

Resource scarcity is a common stress in nature and has a major impact on microbial physiology. This review highlights microbial acclimations to resource scarcity, focusing on resource investment strategies for chemoheterotrophs from the molecular level to the pathway level. Competitive resource allocation strategies often lead to a phenotype known as overflow metabolism; the resulting overflow byproducts can stabilize cooperative interactions in microbial communities and can lead to cross-feeding consortia. These consortia can exhibit emergent properties such as enhanced resource usage and biomass productivity. The literature distilled here draws parallels between in silico and laboratory studies and ties them together with ecological theories to better understand microbial stress responses and mutualistic consortia functioning.

Dynamics of microbial stress responses driven by abiotic changes along a temporal gradient in Deception Island, Maritime Antarctica

2021 ◽  
Vol 758 ◽  
pp. 143671
Author(s):  
V.B. Centurion ◽  
G.V. Lacerda-Júnior ◽  
A.W.F. Duarte ◽  
T.R. Silva ◽  
L.J. Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Deception Island ◽  
Maritime Antarctica ◽  
Temporal Gradient ◽  
Microbial Stress

Emotions and health: The impact of emotions, emotions regulation, music, and acculturation on health

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 112-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Bongard ◽  
Volker Hodapp ◽  
Sonja Rohrmann
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Anger Expression ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Cardiovascular Stress ◽  
Expression Behavior ◽  
Cardio Vascular ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Our unit investigates the relationship of emotional processes (experience, expression, and coping), their physiological correlates and possible health outcomes. We study domain specific anger expression behavior and associated cardio-vascular loads and found e.g. that particularly an open anger expression at work is associated with greater blood pressure. Furthermore, we demonstrated that women may be predisposed for the development of certain mental disorders because of their higher disgust sensitivity. We also pointed out that the suppression of negative emotions leads to increased physiological stress responses which results in a higher risk for cardiovascular diseases. We could show that relaxation as well as music activity like singing in a choir causes increases in the local immune parameter immunoglobuline A. Finally, we are investigating connections between migrants’ strategy of acculturation and health and found e.g. elevated cardiovascular stress responses in migrants when they where highly adapted to the German culture.

Childbirth and Posttraumatic Stress Responses

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eelco Olde ◽  
Rolf J. Kleber ◽  
Onno van der Hart ◽  
Victor J.M. Pop
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Self Rating ◽  
The Impact

Childbirth has been identified as a possible traumatic experience, leading to traumatic stress responses and even to the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The current study investigated the psychometric properties of the Dutch version of the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) in a group of women who recently gave birth (N = 435). In addition, a comparison was made between the original IES and the IES-R. The scale showed high internal consistency (α = 0.88). Using confirmatory factor analysis no support was found for a three-factor structure of an intrusion, an avoidance, and a hyperarousal factor. Goodness of fit was only reasonable, even after fitting one intrusion item on the hyperarousal scale. The IES-R correlated significantly with scores on depression and anxiety self-rating scales, as well as with scores on a self-rating scale of posttraumatic stress disorder. Although the IES-R can be used for studying posttraumatic stress reactions in women who recently gave birth, the original IES proved to be a better instrument compared to the IES-R. It is concluded that adding the hyperarousal scale to the IES-R did not make the scale stronger.

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