Maternal Nutrition: Nutrients and Control of Expression

SynopsisA wide variety of plant-microbe nitrogen-fixing symbioses which include cyanobacteria as the nitrogenfixing partner exist. While some information has been gathered on the biochemical changes in the cyanobacterium upon entering into symbiosis, very little is known about the accompanying changes at the genetic level. Much of our present knowledge of the organisation and control of expression of nitrogenfixation (nif) genes is derived from studies of the free-living diazotroph Klebsiella pneumoniae. This organism thus provides a model system and source of experimental material for the genetic analysis of symbiotic nitrogen fixation. We describe the use of cloned K. pneumoniae genes for nitrogen fixation and its regulation in the genetic analysis' of nitrogen fixation in cyanobacteria which can enter into symbiosis with plants. These studies reveal some dissimilarities in the organisation of nif genes and raise questions as to the genetic control of nitrogen fixation in symbiosis.

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A Review of Maternal Nutrition during Pregnancy and Impact on the Offspring through Development: Evidence from Animal Models of Over- and Undernutrition

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17186926 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (18) ◽

pp. 6926 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

John F. Odhiambo ◽

Christopher L. Pankey ◽

Adel B. Ghnenis ◽

Stephen P. Ford

Keyword(s):

Fetal Growth ◽

Growth Rates ◽

Maternal Nutrition ◽

University Of Wyoming ◽

Growth Patterns ◽

Late Gestation ◽

Postnatal Life ◽

Body Weights ◽

Obesogenic Diet ◽

And Control

Similarities in offspring phenotype due to maternal under- or over-nutrition during gestation have been observed in studies conducted at University of Wyoming. In these studies, ewes were either nutrient-restricted (NR) from early to mid-gestation, or fed an obesogenic diet (MO) from preconception through term. Offspring necropsies occurred at mid-gestation, late-gestation, and after parturition. At mid gestation, body weights of NR fetuses were ~30% lighter than controls, whereas MO fetuses were ~30% heavier than those of controls. At birth, lambs born to NR, MO, and control ewes exhibited similar weights. This was a consequence of accelerated fetal growth rates in NR ewes, and reduced fetal growth rates in MO ewes in late gestation, when compared to their respective controls. These fetal growth patterns resulted in remarkably similar effects of increased susceptibility to obesity, cardiovascular disease, and glucose intolerance in offspring programmed mostly during fetal stages of development. These data provide evidence that maternal under- and over-nutrition similarly induce the development of the same cadre of physical and metabolic problems in postnatal life.

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Permeation, regulation and control of expression of TRP channels by trace metal ions

Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology ◽

10.1007/s00424-014-1590-3 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 467 (6) ◽

pp. 1143-1164 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

Alexandre Bouron ◽

Kirill Kiselyov ◽

Johannes Oberwinkler

Keyword(s):

Trace Metal ◽

Metal Ions ◽

Trp Channels ◽

Trace Metal Ions ◽

And Control ◽

Control Of Expression

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PENGARUH KONSUMSI AIR REBUSAN DAUN KATUK TERHADAP PENGELUARAN PRODUKSI ASI PADA IBU NIFAS DI BIDAN PRAKTEK MANDIRI MANURUNG MEDAN TAHUN 2018

Indonesian Trust Health Journal ◽

10.37104/ithj.v1i2.13 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 55-60

Author(s):

Tetti Seriati Situmorang

Keyword(s):

Breast Milk ◽

Milk Production ◽

Maternal Nutrition ◽

Health Workers ◽

Control Sample ◽

Statistical Test ◽

Infant Deaths ◽

Breast Milk Production ◽

Postpartum Mothers ◽

And Control

United Nation Children’s Fund (UNICEF) menyatakan sebanyak 30.000 kematian bayi di Indonesia dan 10 juta kematian anak balita di dunia tiap tahunnya dapat dicegah dengan pemberian Air Susu Ibu (ASI) secara eksklusif selama enam bulan pertama kehidupan bayi. Beberapa masalah yang sering timbul pada masa menyusui adalah sindrom ASI kurang. Produksi dan pengeluaran ASI dipengaruhi oleh 2 hormon yaitu prolaktin (mempengaruhi jumlah produksi ASI) dan oksitosin (mempengarui proses pengeluaran ASI). Prolaktin berkaitan dengan nutrisi ibu, semakin baik nutrisinya baik, ASI yang diproduksi juga banyak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsumsi air rebusan daun katuk terhadap pengeluaran produksi ASI pada ibu nifas DI bpm Manurung Medan dengan metode quasi eksperiment dan desain kohort. Kelompok sampel intervensi (mengkonsumsi rebusan daun katuk) dan kelompok sampel kontrol masing-masing berjumlah 16 responden. Uji statistik yang diguankan adalah man whytney test. Hasil uji statistik didapatkan p (sig) adalah 0,009 < 0,05, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh konsumsi rebusan daun katuk terhadap peningkatan produksi ASI pada ibu nifas. Diharapkan kepada ibu nifas, tenaga kesehatan dan masyarakat lebih maksimal mensosialisasikan dan memanfaatkan daun katuk sebagai solusi untuk meningkatkan produksi ASI pada ibu nifas untuk pencapaian ASI eksklusif demi generasi dengan sumber daya manusia yang lebih berkualitas. The United Nation's Fund (UNICEF) states that as many as 30,000 infant deaths in Indonesia and 10 million deaths of children under five in the world each year can be prevented by providing breast milk exclusively for the first six months of a baby's life. Some problems that often arise during breastfeeding are less ASI syndrome. Breast milk production and expenditure is influenced by two hormones, namely prolactin (affects the amount of ASI production) and oxytocin (affects the process of breastfeeding). Prolactin is related to maternal nutrition, the better the nutrients are good, the more milk produced. This study aimed to determine the effect of consumption of katuk leaf boiled water on the expenditure of breast milk production in postpartum mothers IN Manurung Medan bpm with the quasi experiment method and cohort design. The intervention sample group (consuming katuk leaf decoction) and control sample groups were 16 respondents respectively. The statistical test used is man why test. The statistical test results obtained p (sig) is 0.009 <0.05, it can be concluded that there is an influence of katuk leaf decoction consumption on increased milk production in postpartum mothers. It is expected that postpartum mothers, health workers and the community will be more maximal socializing and utilizing katuk leaves as a solution to increase breastmilk production in postpartum mothers to achieve exclusive breastfeeding for generations with better quality human resources.

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Localization and Control of Expression of VEGF-A and the VEGFR-2 Receptor in Fetal Sheep Intestines

Pediatric Research ◽

10.1203/pdr.0b013e31815f00e0 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 63 (2) ◽

pp. 143-148 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Katrina Holmes ◽

Stephen D Charnock Jones ◽

Alison J Forhead ◽

Dino A Giussani ◽

Abigail L Fowden ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fetal Sheep ◽

And Control ◽

Control Of Expression

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Maternal nutrition and reproduction of daughters in wild house mice (Mus musculus)

Reproduction ◽

10.1530/rep.0.1220437 ◽

2001 ◽

pp. 437-442 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

D Meikle ◽

M Westberg

Keyword(s):

Reproductive Success ◽

Food Deprivation ◽

Maternal Nutrition ◽

House Mice ◽

Organizational Effects ◽

Body Weights ◽

Wild House Mice ◽

The Mean ◽

And Control ◽

The Impact

Food deprivation after weaning often has greater effects on the reproductive success of females than of males. However, if animals are deprived prenatally (that is, through food deprivation of the mother during gestation), the reproductive success of males may be more adversely affected than that of females because of a disruption in the organizational effects of testosterone in neonatal male mice. The hypotheses that daughters of female mice deprived of food during gestation would have lower reproductive success than control daughters, but that the impact of maternal food deprivation would be lower for daughters than it would be for sons, was tested. There was no difference in the proportion of daughters of food-deprived and control mothers that produced one or two litters. However, the mean number of pups weaned in the second litters by daughters of control females (5.9 +/- 0.57 SEM) was greater than the number of pups weaned by daughters of food-deprived females (4.5 +/- 0.65 SEM). There were no differences in the mean birth or weaning body weights of offspring. Therefore, maternal food deprivation in mice may have a small but significant effect on the reproductive success of daughters. However, studies of sons born to females that were subjected to the same food deprivation protocol indicate that maternal food deprivation may have a much greater effect on the reproduction of sons than on that of daughters.

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