Imaging modalities to inform the detection and diagnosis of early caries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanya Walsh ◽  
Richard Macey ◽  
Philip Riley ◽  
Anne-Marie Glenny ◽  
Falk Schwendicke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Modalities ◽  
Detection And Diagnosis ◽  
Early Caries

scholarly journals Improving Oral Cancer Outcomes with Imaging and Artificial Intelligence

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Ilhan ◽  
K. Lin ◽  
P. Guneri ◽  
P. Wilder-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Oral Lesion ◽  
Imaging Modalities ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Cancer Outcomes ◽  
Clinical Appearance ◽  
Considerable Impact ◽  
Detection And Diagnosis

Early diagnosis is the most important determinant of oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) outcomes, yet most of these cancers are detected late, when outcomes are poor. Typically, nonspecialists such as dentists screen for oral cancer risk, and then they refer high-risk patients to specialists for biopsy-based diagnosis. Because the clinical appearance of oral mucosal lesions is not an adequate indicator of their diagnosis, status, or risk level, this initial triage process is inaccurate, with poor sensitivity and specificity. The objective of this study is to provide an overview of emerging optical imaging modalities and novel artificial intelligence–based approaches, as well as to evaluate their individual and combined utility and implications for improving oral cancer detection and outcomes. The principles of image-based approaches to detecting oral cancer are placed within the context of clinical needs and parameters. A brief overview of artificial intelligence approaches and algorithms is presented, and studies that use these 2 approaches singly and together are cited and evaluated. In recent years, a range of novel imaging modalities has been investigated for their applicability to improving oral cancer outcomes, yet none of them have found widespread adoption or significantly affected clinical practice or outcomes. Artificial intelligence approaches are beginning to have considerable impact in improving diagnostic accuracy in some fields of medicine, but to date, only limited studies apply to oral cancer. These studies demonstrate that artificial intelligence approaches combined with imaging can have considerable impact on oral cancer outcomes, with applications ranging from low-cost screening with smartphone-based probes to algorithm-guided detection of oral lesion heterogeneity and margins using optical coherence tomography. Combined imaging and artificial intelligence approaches can improve oral cancer outcomes through improved detection and diagnosis.

scholarly journals Molecular imaging modalities using nanoprobes for cancer diagnosis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daryoush Shahbazi-Gahrouei ◽  
Pegah Moradi Khaniabadi ◽  
Bita Moradi khaniabadi ◽  
Saghar Shahbazi-Gahrouei ◽  
Mona Fazel
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Imaging ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Cancer Diagnostics ◽  
Imaging Modalities ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Future ◽  
Targeted Contrast Agents ◽  
Detection And Diagnosis

Molecular imaging modalities are used for different type of cancers detection and diagnosis. In recent few years, there has been an increased focus on developing novel nanoparticles as new imaging contrast agents for early detection of cancer. The aim of this review article is to summarize molecular imaging technologies accompanying with using nanoparticles to improve potential imaging for cancer detection and hence valuable therapy in the future. Nanoprobes are rapidly becoming potentially transformative tools on cancer diagnostics for a wide range of imaging modalities such as CT, MRI, SPECT, PET, Ultrasound and Optical imaging. The study results seen in the recent literature are provided and discussed the diagnostic performance of imaging modalities for cancer diagnosis and their future directions. With knowledge of the correlation between the application of nanoparticles and molecular imaging modalities and with the development of targeted contrast agents or nanoprobes, they may provide better cancer diagnosis in the future.

scholarly journals Applications of nanoparticles in biomedical imaging

Nanoscale ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 799-819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangjun Han ◽  
Ke Xu ◽  
Olena Taratula ◽  
Khashayar Farsad
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Biomedical Imaging ◽  
Imaging Modalities ◽  
Detection And Diagnosis ◽  
Early Detection And Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnosis Of Diseases

An urgent need for early detection and diagnosis of diseases continuously pushes the advancements of imaging modalities and contrast agents. Nanoparticles as imaging contrast agents demonstrate more advantages and have promise to greatly benefit clinical practice.

Do various imaging modalities provide potential early detection and diagnosis of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw?: a review

2021 ◽  
pp. 20200417
Author(s):  
Pongsapak Wongratwanich ◽  
Kiichi Shimabukuro ◽  
Masaru Konishi ◽  
Toshikazu Nagasaki ◽  
Masahiko Ohtsuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Diagnostic Delay ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Osteonecrosis Of The Jaw ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Imaging Modalities ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Literature Searches ◽  
Detection And Diagnosis

Objective: Patients with medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) often visit their dentists at advanced stages and subsequently require treatments that greatly affect quality of life. Currently, no clear diagnostic criteria exist to assess MRONJ, and the definitive diagnosis solely relies on clinical bone exposure. This ambiguity leads to a diagnostic delay, complications, and unnecessary burden. This article aims to identify imaging modalities’ usage and findings of MRONJ to provide possible approaches for early detection. Methods: Literature searches were conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library to review all diagnostic imaging modalities for MRONJ. Results: Panoramic radiography offers a fundamental understanding of the lesions. Imaging findings were comparable between non-exposed and exposed MRONJ, showing osteolysis, osteosclerosis, and thickened lamina dura. Mandibular cortex index (MCI) class II could be a potential early MRONJ indicator. While three-dimensional modalities, CT and CBCT, were able to show more features unique to MRONJ such as a solid type periosteal reaction, buccal predominance of cortical perforation, and bone-within-bone appearance. MRI signal intensities of vital bones are hypointense on T1WI and hyperintense on T2WI and STIR when necrotic bone shows hypointensity on all T1WI, T2WI, and STIR. Functional imaging is the most sensitive method but is usually performed in metastasis detection rather than being a diagnostic tool for early MRONJ. Conclusion: Currently, MRONJ-specific imaging features cannot be firmly established. However, the current data is valuable as it may lead to a more efficient diagnostic procedure along with a more suitable selection of imaging modalities.

Membrane microdomains: lessons from microscopy

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 776-777
Author(s):  
J.M. Robinson ◽  
J.M Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Imaging Modalities ◽  
Membrane Microdomains ◽  
Membrane Domains ◽  
Lateral Heterogeneity ◽  
Functional Importance

Specialized regions of plasma membranes displaying lateral heterogeneity are the focus of this Symposium. Specialized membrane domains are known for certain cell types such as differentiated epithelial cells where lateral heterogeneity in lipids and proteins exists between the apical and basolateral portions of the plasma membrane. Lateral heterogeneity and the presence of microdomains in membranes that are uniform in appearance have been more difficult to establish. Nonetheless a number of studies have provided evidence for membrane microdomains and indicated a functional importance for these structures.This symposium will focus on the use of various imaging modalities and related approaches to define membrane microdomains in a number of cell types. The importance of existing as well as emerging imaging technologies for use in the elucidation of membrane microdomains will be highlighted. The organization of membrane microdomains in terms of dimensions and spatial distribution is of considerable interest and will be addressed in this Symposium.

Imaging Modalities for the Study of the Temporal Bone

1988 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-244
Author(s):  
Anton N. Hasso ◽  
John A. Ledington
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Imaging Modalities
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