Quantitative Microstructural Characterization of a Composite Material Using Destructive and Non-Invasive Techniques

2008 ◽  
pp. 500-509
Author(s):  
T. M. Breunig ◽  
M. C. Nichols ◽  
J. H. Kinney ◽  
D. L. Haupt
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Techniques

scholarly journals X-ray Micro-Tomography as a Method to Distinguish and Characterize Natural and Cultivated Pearls

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Luisa Vigorelli ◽  
Elisabetta Croce ◽  
Debora Angelici ◽  
Raffaella Navone ◽  
Sabrina Grassini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Heritage Studies ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Micro Tomography ◽  
Invasive Techniques ◽  
Tomographic Analysis ◽  
Private Collections

Digital radiography and computed tomography are two fundamental diagnostic techniques in different fields of research, including cultural heritage studies and gemmology. The application of these physical methods of investigation has gained considerable importance as they are non-invasive techniques. The presented work has been mainly focused on micro-tomographic analysis. The project is concerned with the study of natural and cultivated pearls in order to develop an investigation methodology for the analysis, distinction and characterization of different types of pearls, some of them belonging to different precious jewels from private collections. The investigations, carried out on a total of 22 heterogeneous types of pearls, allowed us to establish their origin (natural or cultivated) or to confirm/deny if a hypothesis was already expressed, and as well to highlight the cultivation methodology used case by case. Furthermore, it was possible to ascertain how large and varied the market for cultured pearls is nowadays and how difficult is, in some particular cases, to ascertain their attribution to a certain origin.

scholarly journals Brightly Colored to Stay in the Dark. Revealing of the Polychromy of the Lot Sarcophagus in the Catacomb of San Sebastiano in Rome

Heritage ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 858-874
Author(s):  
Susanna Bracci ◽  
Donata Magrini ◽  
Rachele Manganelli del Fà ◽  
Oana Adriana Cuzman ◽  
Barbara Mazzei
Keyword(s):  
Late Antiquity ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Naked Eye ◽  
Executive Process ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Yellow Ochre ◽  
Invasive Techniques

The Lot Sarcophagus is one of the most relevant funerary sculptures of late antiquity (mid-4th century AC). Some of the remarkable aspects are the following (i) it is still preserved in situ; (ii) most of the carved scenes are rarities or unicum; (iii) not all the sculpture work has been completed, which allows us to analyse the executive process; (iv) many traces of polychromy have remained. This paper is focused on the characterization of the residual polychromy by using in-situ non-invasive techniques. Furthermore, few micro samples were taken, to be analysed in laboratory to study the composition of some deposits and to define if a preparatory layer was present under the coloured layer. The data showed that the very rich polychromy of the Lot Sarcophagus was made of Egyptian blue, yellow ochre, and three different types of red: two inorganics (red ochre and cinnabar), and one organic-based (madder lake). Furthermore, some decorations, completely vanished and no longer visible to the naked eye, have been rediscovered, also providing details on the construction phases. During the project, the 3D model of the sarcophagus was acquired, which afterwards was used to map the results of the diagnostic campaign.

scholarly journals Characterization of BAT activity in rats using invasive and non-invasive techniques

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. e0215852
Author(s):  
Andreas Paulus ◽  
Petronella A. van Ewijk ◽  
Emmani B. M. Nascimento ◽  
Marijke De Saint-Hubert ◽  
Geert Hendrikx ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bat Activity ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Techniques

scholarly journals Creation and reference characterization of Edo period Japanese woodblock printing ink colorant samples using multimodal imaging and reflectance spectroscopy

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tana Villafana ◽  
Gwenanne Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Multimodal Imaging ◽  
Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Edo Period ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Conservation Treatment ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Woodblock Printing ◽  
Invasive Techniques ◽  
Printing Ink

AbstractThe Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division holds a large collection of Edo period (1615–1868) nishiki-e, Japanese multicolored woodblock prints. The sensitivities of some of the traditional colorants to environmental and conservation treatment factors results in numerous preservation concerns. Characterization of colorants in these prints can help guide preservation policies, however, identification of colorants can be difficult and re-creation methodologies for reference samples have been elusive. This paper details reproducible colorant preparation methods and characterizes these samples using accessible non-invasive techniques, multimodal imaging and reflectance spectroscopy. A majority of the colorants can be identified using the two techniques as complementary methods.

scholarly journals Detecting the NIR Fingerprint of Colors: The Characteristic Response of Modern Blue Pigments

Heritage ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 2255-2261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yivlialin ◽  
Galli ◽  
Raimondo ◽  
Martini ◽  
Sassella
Keyword(s):  
Diffuse Reflectance ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Composite Sample ◽  
Model Composite ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Invasive Techniques

Reflectance spectroscopy in the ultraviolet (UV), visible (Vis), and near infrared (NIR) range is widely applied to art studies for the characterization of paints and pigments, with the advantages of non-invasive techniques. Isolating and detecting the fingerprint of pigments, especially in the NIR range, is quite challenging, since the presence of vibrational transitions of the most common organic functional groups prevents to relate the optical spectrum of a composite sample, as an artwork is, to each one of its elements (i.e., support, binder, and specific pigment). In this work, a method is presented to obtain the UV-Vis-NIR optical response of the single components of a model composite sample reproducing an artwork, i.e., the support, the binder, and the pigment or dye, by using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. This allowed us to obtain the NIR spectral fingerprint of blue pigments and to identify specific features possibly applicable for detecting cobalt and phthalocyanine blue colors in artwork analysis.

scholarly journals Comparative Characterization of Birch Bark Extracts Encapsulated Inside Polyurethane Microstructures

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florin Borcan ◽  
Marius Preda ◽  
Livia Cristina Borcan ◽  
Iulia Pinzaru ◽  
Sorin Florescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Charge ◽  
Birch Bark ◽  
Organosulfur Compounds ◽  
Dsc Analysis ◽  
Good Thermal Stability ◽  
Safe Delivery ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Natural Extracts ◽  
Invasive Techniques

The phytotherapy is based on the consume of fruits, vegetables and medicinal plants; they contain mixtures of bioactive chemical substances (carotenoids, phenolic acids, flavonoids, coumarins, tannins, organosulfur compounds) with synergic effects on the treatment of diseases. Nano- and micro-carriers are very useful drug delivery systems which can improve the transmembrane transfer of natural extracts. In the present study, betulin and two birch bark extracts were encapsulated inside polyurethane microstructures. Structures� size, homogeneity and surface charge were studied using a Zetasizer, while DSC analysis was involved to assay structures� thermal behavior. Irritation effects were monitored by non-invasive techniques on human skin. The results indicate the obtaining of structures with size around 200-250 nm, with a positive surface charge and a very good thermal stability. The non-irritation potential recommends these structures as a safe delivery system used for natural extracts.

scholarly journals How Many Secret Details Could a Systematic Multi-Analytical Study Reveal About the Mysterious Fresco Trionfo della Morte?

Heritage ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 2370-2383
Author(s):  
Alberghina ◽  
Schiavone ◽  
Greco ◽  
Saladino ◽  
Armetta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Multispectral Imaging ◽  
Imaging Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
History Of ◽  
Invasive Techniques

The “Trionfo della morte” is a detached fresco painting dated at the half of the XV century. Its history is strictly connected with the history of Palermo and it is considered a symbol of the late Gothic period. Some small areas of the fresco were analyzed using a combination of non-invasive techniques and hand-held instrumentations (multispectral imaging analysis, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and IR spectroscopy). The characterization of the nature of pigments used in its realization and restoration works was performed and some indications about its conservation state were obtained. More interestingly, some hidden details were revealed on the mysterious painting. They constitute additional evidence of the preciousness of the fresco.

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