The Novel Past Mid-Century: New Directions and Experiments

2017 ◽  
pp. 223-253
Keyword(s):  
The Novel ◽  
New Directions

Total Synthesis of Axially-Chiral Cannabinols: A New Platform for Cannabinoid-Based Drug Discovery

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Primali Navaratne ◽  
Jenny Wilkerson ◽  
Kavindri Ranasinghe ◽  
Evgeniya Semenova ◽  
Lance McMahon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Total Synthesis ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Chemical Space ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Pharmaceutical Development ◽  
Bioactive Component ◽  
Axially Chiral ◽  
New Directions

<div> <div> <div> <p>Phytocannabinoids, molecules isolated from cannabis, are gaining attention as promising leads in modern medicine, including pain management. Considering the urgent need for combating the opioid crisis, new directions for the design of cannabinoid-inspired analgesics are of immediate interest. In this regard, we have hypothesized that axially-chiral-cannabinols (ax-CBNs), unnatural (and unknown) isomers of cannabinol (CBN) may be valuable scaffolds for cannabinoid-inspired drug discovery. There are multiple reasons for thinking this: (a) ax-CBNs would have ground-state three-dimensionality akin to THC, a key bioactive component of cannabis, (b) ax-CBNs at their core structure are biaryl molecules, generally attractive platforms for pharmaceutical development due to their ease of functionalization and stability, and (c) atropisomerism with respect to phytocannabinoids is unexplored “chemical space.” Herein we report a scalable total synthesis of ax-CBNs, examine physical properties experimentally and computationally, and provide preliminary behavioral and analgesic analysis of the novel scaffolds. </p> </div> </div> </div>

Renewing the Novel: Novelty, Originality and New Directions

2006 ◽  
pp. 123-163
Author(s):  
Brean Hammond ◽  
Shaun Regan
Keyword(s):  
The Novel ◽  
New Directions

Measuring Public Opinion with Social Media Data

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko Klašnja ◽  
Pablo Barberá ◽  
Nick Beauchamp ◽  
Jonathan Nagler ◽  
Joshua A. Tucker
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Social Media Data ◽  
Public Opinion Surveys ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Media Data

This chapter examines the use of social networking sites such as Twitter in measuring public opinion. It first considers the opportunities and challenges that are involved in conducting public opinion surveys using social media data. Three challenges are discussed: identifying political opinion, representativeness of social media users, and aggregating from individual responses to public opinion. The chapter outlines some of the strategies for overcoming these challenges and proceeds by highlighting some of the novel uses for social media that have fewer direct analogs in traditional survey work. Finally, it suggests new directions for a research agenda in using social media for public opinion work.

‘Our own little grain of truth’

2019 ◽  
pp. 41-53
Author(s):  
Angela Smith
Keyword(s):  
Julia Kristeva ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
The Novel ◽  
New Directions ◽  
John Middleton Murry ◽  
The Stranger

‘Our own little grain of truth’ focuses on the interaction of tragedy and comedy, including the gothic grotesque, in Katherine Mansfield’s work in the last three years of her life; it does not offer biographical interpretations of the texts covered. It considers the effect of her reading, suggesting that it provided a trigger for new directions in her writing. Her response to the novel by R. O. Prowse, A Gift of the Dusk, which she reviewed for the Athenaeum and discussed in letters to John Middleton Murry, shows her imagining the dark places of psychology, when traumatic experiences lead characters to confront the unthinkable. Abjection is a motif in all the texts considered: Prowse’s A Gift of the Dusk, Mansfield’s ‘The Stranger’ and ‘The Daughters of the Late Colonel’ and Elizabeth von Arnim’s novel Vera. In each a character confronts what Julia Kristeva describes in Powers of Horror as ‘one of those violent, dark revolts of being, directed at a threat that seems to emanate from an exorbitant outside or inside’, yet each of these fictions contrives to combine comedy with the dark, tragic dimension.

Dialogue in a discourse context

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Herman
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Cognition ◽  
Narrative Theory ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Communicative Practices ◽  
To The Lighthouse ◽  
Linguistic Pragmatics ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Cognitive Revolution

Building on recent studies of speech and thought representation in narrative fiction (Fludernik 1993; Herman 2002; Palmer 2004; Thomas 2002), this essay outlines the advantages of forging interconnections between narrative theory and a range of disciplinary frameworks concerned with talk — including literary theory, linguistic pragmatics, discourse analysis, gender studies, and research on socially distributed cognition. Using Virginia Woolf’s 1927 novel To the Lighthouse as a case study, the essay first explores general theoretical and interpretive issues raised by scenes of talk portrayed in the novel. Then it zooms in on one chapter that centers around a communicative encounter between two characters. This scene both illuminates and is illuminated by research on socio-communicative practices in general. Further, the scene requires a rethinking of modernist narrative construed as a privileging of characters’ interiority over the concrete social and material environments in which they think, act, and communicate. Hence an interdisciplinary approach to scenes of talk like Woolf’s not only necessitates a reconsideration of key ideas in literary studies, but also suggests new directions for narrative theory after the second cognitive revolution.

The potential impact of sperm encapsulation technology on the importance of timing of artificial insemination: a perspective in the light of published work

1993 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 691 ◽  
Author(s):  
PF Watson
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Reduced Temperature

To facilitate artificial insemination with encapsulated spermatozoa independently of oestrus, ways must be found to extend the life of spermatozoa at body temperature, and to devise encapsulation procedures which will allow progressive release of viable spermatozoa over several days. In the past, the most common approach to the preservation of semen has been the principle of reduced temperature. However, the research literature presents several promising clues to the resolution of these problems; these are reviewed, and new directions are identified and explored. The potential impact of a successful encapsulation technology is recognized as the driving force for implementing the novel research required.

Epilogue: New Directions

2018 ◽  
pp. 158-188
Author(s):  
Mary Youssef
Keyword(s):  
Historical Change ◽  
The Novel ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Critical Attention ◽  
Historical Moment

Following the January 2011 events, new directions in Egyptian novelistic production have emerged and, in their turn, commanded visibility and critical attention. This epilogue attends to these new directions by posing relevant questions like: Do the novels produced in the post-2011 period align with or break from the new-consciousness novel? How do they operate in Michael McKeon’s dialectical framework of historical change and the definitional volatility of the novel? Where do minorities’ concerns exist in their purview? Delineating the tribulations and ambivalences surrounding this historical moment, the epilogue examines forms and spaces of what Mariz Tadros calls “unruly politics,” where citizens continue to subvert authority and continue their protest. It identifies how unruly politics are aesthetically rendered in three post-2011 novels, Hisham al-Khashin’s Jirafit (2014), Basma ʿAbd al-ʿAziz’s The Queue (2016), and Muhammad Rabiʿ’s Otared (2016) and argues that they preoccupy with brining all citizens to their figurative negotiation table.

The Neuropsycho–Pharmacology of Attention

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trevor Robbins
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Gamma Oscillations ◽  
Psychoactive Drugs ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Chemical Systems ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Network Properties ◽  
The Brain

Pharmacological influences on cognition and behaviour are often accompanied by effects on different aspects of attention. The actions of many psychoactive drugs (often used in the treatment of psychiatric disorders) depend on effects exerted on the classical chemical modulatory neurotransmitter systems including acetylcholine, and the monoamines, dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin (or 5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT). These chemical systems originate in the reticular core of the brain and modulate attention by actions on forebrain structures including the thalamus, striatum, and the neocortex (especially the prefrontal cortex). Current research is attempting to dissect separable functions of these chemical neurotransmitters in mediating attention in relation to states of arousal and stress in comparable test paradigms in experimental animals and humans. New directions in research in this area are also identified, including the functions of the novel neurotransmitter orexin, and the role of GABA and glutamate in gamma oscillations and the network properties of the neocortex.

Against Chapter XXXVI: Sequels and Remakes of Collodi's Pinoccohio in Italian Literature

2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 382-402
Author(s):  
Marco Arnaudo
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Italian Literature ◽  
Comic Book ◽  
The Body ◽  
Original Novel ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Happy Ending ◽  
New Directions

This article discusses the last chapter of Collodi's Pinocchio in its relationship with the rest of the novel, and analyzes how several other authors responded to the very content of that chapter. Many 20th-century authors have in fact noticed a deep discrepancy between the adventures contained in the body of the novel and the brusque, somehow extrinsic and unprepared happy ending. They have consequently created alternative versions of Pinocchio that end before Collodi's original ending, or that depart from the penultimate chapter of the novel to move in new directions. In other cases, authors have created sequels of Collodi's story where Pinocchio, now a boy, attempts to return to being a puppet. The examples discussed include short stories by Arpino and Malerba, plays by Salvini and Benni, a rhyme version by Trinci, a comic book by Bilotta and Mammucari, and a mock official dossier by Placido. The analysis emphasizes the strategies these authors have used to give open endings to their works in response to their dissatisfaction with the solution proposed in the original novel.

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