Coelomic Fluid Evaluation in Clinically Normal Ochre Sea Stars Pisaster ochraceus : Cell Counts, Cytology, and Biochemistry Reference Intervals

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah J. Wahltinez ◽  
Nicole I. Stacy ◽  
Lesanna L. Lahner ◽  
Alisa L. Newton
Keyword(s):  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Coelomic Fluid ◽  
Sea Stars ◽  
Pisaster Ochraceus ◽  
Clinically Normal ◽  
Cell Counts

Absolute and relative cell counts for synovial fluid from clinically normal shoulder and stifle joints in cats

2004 ◽  
Vol 225 (12) ◽  
pp. 1866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip D. Pacchiana ◽  
Robert S. Gilley ◽  
Larry J. Wallace ◽  
David W. Hayden ◽  
Daniel A. Feeney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Clinically Normal ◽  
Cell Counts

scholarly journals Coelomic Fluid Evaluation in Pisaster ochraceus Affected by Sea Star Wasting Syndrome: Evidence of Osmodysregulation, Calcium Homeostasis Derangement, and Coelomocyte Responses

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah J. Wahltinez ◽  
Alisa L. Newton ◽  
Craig A. Harms ◽  
Lesanna L. Lahner ◽  
Nicole I. Stacy
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Homeostasis ◽  
Coelomic Fluid ◽  
Sea Star ◽  
Pisaster Ochraceus ◽  
Wasting Syndrome

Evaluation of diagnostic procedures for subclinical mastitis in meat-producing sheep

2003 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Archie CA Clements ◽  
David J Taylor ◽  
Julie L Fitzpatrick
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Gel Formation ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
California Mastitis Test ◽  
Clinically Normal ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Incubation Temperatures

Samples of foremilk were collected from 261 clinically normal glands of 150 ewes, and tested using the California mastitis test (CMT). Further samples were collected from 195 of these glands for determination of automated somatic cell counts (SCC), and from 60 of these glands for bacteriological assessment. The sensitivity and specificity of CMT for detecting samples with SCC above different threshold levels and for CMT and SCC in determining bacteriological status were evaluated using two-graph receiver operating characteristics (TG-ROC). Milk samples were obtained subsequently from ten CMT positive, and five CMT negative first- and second-lactation ewes. Samples were cultured using a variety of media, incubation temperatures and atmospheric conditions, immediately after collection, and 1 week after storage at 4°C and −21°C. Results suggested that CMT is best used as a diagnostic test for ovine subclinical mastitis (SCM) with a cut-off of 3 (distinct gel formation), and that automated SCC thresholds of >1200×103 cells/ml are appropriate, especially where low prevalences are expected (e.g. <5%). Additionally, this study showed that routine bacteriological methods were appropriate for isolation of most species of pathogen responsible for ovine SCM, but storage of samples prior to culture, either at 4°C or −21°C, was detrimental to the isolation of several of these organisms.

scholarly journals Genetic variation associated with lower susceptibility to sea star wasting syndrome in the keystone species, Pisaster ochraceus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Burton ◽  
Sarah Gravem ◽  
Felipe Barreto
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Keystone Species ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
Sea Star ◽  
Sea Stars ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Pisaster Ochraceus ◽  
Wasting Syndrome ◽  
Asymptomatic Individuals

The keystone species, Pisaster ochraceus, suffered mass mortalities along the northeast Pacific Ocean from Sea Star Wasting Syndrome (SSWS) outbreaks in 2013-2016. Causation of SSWS is still debated, leading to concerns as to whether outbreaks will continue to impact this species. Considering the apparent link between ocean temperature and SSWS, the future of this species and intertidal communities remains uncertain. We surveyed populations of sea stars along the Oregon coast in 2016, two years after the epidemic began. Cohabitation of asymptomatic and symptomatic individuals allowed us to ask whether lower susceptibility in asymptomatic individuals differed genetically. We performed restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (2bRAD-seq) to genotype thousands of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci. By comparing allele frequencies between symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals, we detected three loci that may be under selection. A multivariate analysis showed a clear separation between groups based on disease status in two of the three geographic regions, along with several regions across the genome having small statistical contributions to this separation. A draft annotation of protein-coding regions allowed us to identify 120 predicted genes that are linked to these markers and are putatively associated with lower susceptibility. Our results suggest that some variation in disease severity can be attributed to genetic variation. However, differences in phenotype have a highly polygenic nature with no single or few genomic regions having strong predictive effects. The genes associated with these regions may form the basis for functional studies aiming to understand disease progression in infected individuals.

Haematological profile in foals during the first year of life

2019 ◽  
Vol 184 (16) ◽  
pp. 503-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babak Faramarzi ◽  
Lon Rich
Keyword(s):  
Venous Blood ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
First Year ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Haematological Values ◽  
Haematological Profile ◽  
White Blood Cell Counts ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

Foals’ haematological values change constantly during their first year of life. The use of updated age-based reference intervals (RIs) is imperative for providing accurate diagnosis and optimum care for sick foals. The authors' objective was to provide updated RIs for 13 haematological values in 2, 7, 14, 30, 90, 180 and 365-day-old foals and to investigate the changes over time in each measured value. Venous blood was collected at those ages from clinically healthy foals. Thirteen haematological values were analysed. The 95% RIs were reported using a bootstrapping method. Differences over time were examined using Friedman test. RIs for each of the measured values were calculated. Results showed noticeable trends in changes over time in several values. Nevertheless, white blood cell counts significantly increased between day 2 and day 90 (P=0.011) while lymphocyte counts increased from day 2 up to day 180 (P=0.033). The mean corpuscular haemoglobin and mean corpuscular volume (P=0.011) significantly decreased between day 2 and day 90. Normal haematological values in foals not only differ from those in adult horses but also change throughout the first year of life; thus, it is critical that clinicians use age-based RIs when treating sick foals.

scholarly journals Arm Deflation in the Rare Thorny Sea Star, Poraniopsis inflatus (Asteroidea: Poraniidae), A Defensive Response to other Sea Stars?

2010 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Roland C. Anderson ◽  
Ronald L. Shimek
Keyword(s):  
Coelomic Fluid ◽  
Defensive Response ◽  
Sea Star ◽  
Sea Stars ◽  
Defensive Reaction ◽  
Northeastern Pacific

The Thorny Sea Star, Poraniopsis inflatus, is rare in the Northeastern Pacific. It lacks pedicellariae or other overt defenses for protection against other predatory sea stars. During an earlier study, a P. inflatus confronted by an asteroid-eating sea star was observed to exhibit a possible defensive reaction: "arm deflation." It was 15 years before another P. inflatus specimen could be obtained and that hypothesis confirmed by testing with individuals of 18 other sea-star species. Contact with individuals of four predatory sea-stars, Asterina miniata, Crossaster papposus, Solaster dawsoni, and Pycnopodia helianthoides, elicited the reaction in the P. inflatus. The specimen collapsed ("deflated") an arm closest to the predatory star, possibly by expelling coelomic fluid, exposing more of its embedded thorns (hence its common name) which may discourage other sea stars from attempting to eat it.

Observations on the reproduction and development of Pisaster ochraceus (Brandt)

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (9) ◽  
pp. 1700-1707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Fraser ◽  
Johanna Gomez ◽  
E. Brian Hartwick ◽  
Michael J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Normal Development ◽  
Oocyte Size ◽  
Sea Stars ◽  
Pisaster Ochraceus ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Molecular Studies ◽  
Laboratory Maintenance

Pisaster ochraceus was investigated as a potential source of embryonic material for molecular studies. Minimal conditions for laboratory maintenance of gravid sea stars and a method for induction of spawning are described. Data on oocyte size, yield, and fertilizability are presented as well as a timetable of normal development to bipinnaria larvae and measures of developmental synchrony.

Controlled clinical trial of the effect of a homoeopathic nosode on the somatic cell counts in the milk of clinically normal dairy cows

2005 ◽  
Vol 156 (18) ◽  
pp. 565-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Holmes ◽  
P. D. Cockcroft ◽  
C. E. Booth ◽  
M. F. Heath
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Somatic Cell Counts ◽  
Clinically Normal ◽  
Cell Counts

Indirectly determined hematology reference intervals for pediatric patients in Berlin and Brandenburg

2022 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingo Mrosewski ◽  
Tobias Dähn ◽  
Jörg Hehde ◽  
Elena Kalinowski ◽  
Ilona Lindner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Multicenter Studies ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Blood Cell Counts

Abstract Objectives Establishing direct reference intervals (RIs) for pediatric patients is a very challenging endeavor. Indirectly determined RIs can address this problem by utilization of existing clinical laboratory databases. In order to provide better laboratory services to the local pediatric population, we established population-specific hematology RIs via data mining. Methods Our laboratory information system (LIS) was searched for pediatric blood counts of patients aged from 0 days to 18 years, performed from 1st of January 2018 until 31st of March 2021. In total, 27,554 blood counts on our SYSMEX XN-9000 were initially identified. After application of pre-defined exclusion criteria, 18,531 sample sets remained. Age- and sex-specific RIs were established in accordance with International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC) and Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) recommendations. Results When compared to pediatric RIs supplied by other authors, the RIs determined specifically for pediatric patients from Berlin and Brandenburg showed several relevant differences, especially with regard to white blood cell counts (WBCs), red blood cell counts (RBCs), red cell distribution widths (RDW) and platelet counts (PLTs) within the distinct age groups. Additionally, alterations to several published age-specific partitions had to be made, while new sex-specific partitions were introduced for WBCs and PLTs. Conclusions Generic RIs from textbooks, manufacturer information and medical publications – even from nationwide or multicenter studies – commonly used in many laboratories might not reflect the specifics of local patient populations properly. RIs should be tailored to the serviced patient population whenever possible. Careful data mining appears to be suitable for this task.

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