scholarly journals Cotton yield response to soil applied potassium across the United States cotton belt

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie Lewis ◽  
Gaylon Morgan ◽  
William Hunter Frame ◽  
Daniel Fromme ◽  
Darrin M Dodds ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Cotton Belt

Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Control by Glufosinate plus Fluometuron Applied Postemergence to WideStrike®Cotton

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly A. Barnett ◽  
A. Stanley Culpepper ◽  
Alan C. York ◽  
Lawrence E. Steckel
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Acetolactate Synthase ◽  
The United States ◽  
Palmer Amaranth ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Amaranthus Palmeri ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Cotton Cultivar

Glyphosate-resistant (GR) weeds, especially GR Palmer amaranth, are very problematic for cotton growers in the Southeast and Midsouth regions of the United States. Glufosinate can control GR Palmer amaranth, and growers are transitioning to glufosinate-based systems. Palmer amaranth must be small for consistently effective control by glufosinate. Because this weed grows rapidly, growers are not always timely with applications. With widespread resistance to acetolactate synthase-inhibiting herbicides, growers have few herbicide options to mix with glufosinate to improve control of larger weeds. In a field study using a WideStrike®cotton cultivar, we evaluated fluometuron at 140 to 1,120 g ai ha−1mixed with the ammonium salt of glufosinate at 485 g ae ha−1for control of GR Palmer amaranth 13 and 26 cm tall. Standard PRE- and POST-directed herbicides were included in the systems. Glufosinate alone injured the WideStrike® cotton less than 10%. Fluometuron increased injury up to 25% but did not adversely affect yield. Glufosinate controlled 13-cm Palmer amaranth at least 90%, and there was no improvement in weed control nor a cotton yield response to fluometuron mixed with glufosinate. Palmer amaranth 26 cm tall was controlled only 59% by glufosinate. Fluometuron mixed with glufosinate increased control of the larger weeds up to 28% and there was a trend for greater yields. However, delaying applications until weeds were 26 cm reduced yield 22% relative to timely application. Our results suggest fluometuron mixed with glufosinate may be of some benefit when attempting to control large Palmer amaranth. However, mixing fluometuron with glufosinate is not a substitute for a timely glufosinate application.

scholarly journals Cotton Yield Estimate Using Sentinel-2 Data and an Ecosystem Model over the Southern US

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liming He ◽  
Georgy Mostovoy
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Ecosystem Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
Growth Monitoring ◽  
County Level ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Cotton Lint ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Southern Us ◽  
Sentinel 2

High-resolution data with nearly global coverage from Sentinel-2 mission open a new era for crop growth monitoring and yield estimation from remote sensing. The objective of this study is to demonstrate the potential of using Sentinel-2 biophysical data combined with an ecosystem modeling approach for estimation of cotton yield in the southern United States (US). The Boreal Ecosystems Productivity Simulator (BEPS) ecosystem model was used to simulate the cotton gross primary production (GPP) over three Sentinel-2 tiles located in Mississippi, Georgia, and Texas in 2017. Leaf area index (LAI) derived from Sentinel-2 measurements and hourly meteorological data from Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 (MERRA-2) reanalysis were used to drive the ecosystem model. The simulated GPP values at 20-m grid spacing were aggregated to the county level (17 counties in total) and compared to the cotton lint yield estimates at the county level which are available from National Agricultural Statistics Service in the United States Department of Agriculture. The results of the comparison show that the BEPS-simulated cotton GPP explains 85% of variation in cotton yield. Our study suggests that the integration of Sentinel-2 LAI time series into the ecosystem model results in reliable estimates of cotton yield.

scholarly journals Meta-Analysis of Yield Response of Hybrid Field Corn to Foliar Fungicides in the U.S. Corn Belt

2011 ◽  
Vol 101 (9) ◽  
pp. 1122-1132 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Paul ◽  
L. V. Madden ◽  
C. A. Bradley ◽  
A. E. Robertson ◽  
G. P. Munkvold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Foliar Disease ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Field Corn ◽  
Yield Difference ◽  
Meta Analyses

The use of foliar fungicides on field corn has increased greatly over the past 5 years in the United States in an attempt to increase yields, despite limited evidence that use of the fungicides is consistently profitable. To assess the value of using fungicides in grain corn production, random-effects meta-analyses were performed on results from foliar fungicide experiments conducted during 2002 to 2009 in 14 states across the United States to determine the mean yield response to the fungicides azoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, propiconazole + trifloxystrobin, and propiconazole + azoxystrobin. For all fungicides, the yield difference between treated and nontreated plots was highly variable among studies. All four fungicides resulted in a significant mean yield increase relative to the nontreated plots (P < 0.05). Mean yield difference was highest for propiconazole + trifloxystrobin (390 kg/ha), followed by propiconazole + azoxystrobin (331 kg/ha) and pyraclostrobin (256 kg/ha), and lowest for azoxystrobin (230 kg/ha). Baseline yield (mean yield in the nontreated plots) had a significant effect on yield for propiconazole + azoxystrobin (P < 0.05), whereas baseline foliar disease severity (mean severity in the nontreated plots) significantly affected the yield response to pyraclostrobin, propiconazole + trifloxystrobin, and propiconazole + azoxystrobin but not to azoxystrobin. Mean yield difference was generally higher in the lowest yield and higher disease severity categories than in the highest yield and lower disease categories. The probability of failing to recover the fungicide application cost (ploss) also was estimated for a range of grain corn prices and application costs. At the 10-year average corn grain price of $0.12/kg ($2.97/bushel) and application costs of $40 to 95/ha, ploss for disease severity <5% was 0.55 to 0.98 for pyraclostrobin, 0.62 to 0.93 for propiconazole + trifloxystrobin, 0.58 to 0.89 for propiconazole + azoxystrobin, and 0.91 to 0.99 for azoxystrobin. When disease severity was >5%, the corresponding probabilities were 0.36 to 95, 0.25 to 0.69, 0.25 to 0.64, and 0.37 to 0.98 for the four fungicides. In conclusion, the high ploss values found in most scenarios suggest that the use of these foliar fungicides is unlikely to be profitable when foliar disease severity is low and yield expectation is high.

Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Management in Dicamba-Resistant Cotton

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 758-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles W. Cahoon ◽  
Alan C. York ◽  
David L. Jordan ◽  
Wesley J. Everman ◽  
Richard W. Seagroves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North Carolina ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Acetolactate Synthase ◽  
The United States ◽  
Palmer Amaranth ◽  
Amaranthus Palmeri ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Herbicide Resistant

Cotton growers rely heavily upon glufosinate and various residual herbicides applied preplant, PRE, and POST to control Palmer amaranth resistant to glyphosate and acetolactate synthase-inhibiting herbicides. Recently deregulated in the United States, cotton resistant to dicamba, glufosinate, and glyphosate (B2XF cotton) offers a new platform for controlling herbicide-resistant Palmer amaranth. A field experiment was conducted in North Carolina and Georgia to determine B2XF cotton tolerance to dicamba, glufosinate, and glyphosate and to compare Palmer amaranth control by dicamba to a currently used, nondicamba program in both glufosinate- and glyphosate-based systems. Treatments consisted of glyphosate or glufosinate applied early POST (EPOST) and mid-POST (MPOST) in a factorial arrangement of treatments with seven dicamba options (no dicamba, PRE, EPOST, MPOST, PRE followed by [fb] EPOST, PRE fb MPOST, and EPOST fb MPOST) and a nondicamba standard. The nondicamba standard consisted of fomesafen PRE, pyrithiobac EPOST, and acetochlor MPOST. Dicamba caused no injury when applied PRE and only minor, transient injury when applied POST. At time of EPOST application, Palmer amaranth control by dicamba or fomesafen applied PRE, in combination with acetochlor, was similar and 13 to 17% greater than acetochlor alone. Dicamba was generally more effective on Palmer amaranth applied POST rather than PRE, and two applications were usually more effective than one. In glyphosate-based systems, greater Palmer amaranth control and cotton yield were obtained with dicamba applied EPOST, MPOST, or EPOST fb MPOST compared with the standard herbicides in North Carolina. In contrast, dicamba was no more effective than the standard herbicides in the glufosinate-based systems. In Georgia, dicamba was as effective as the standard herbicides in a glyphosate-based system only when dicamba was applied EPOST fb MPOST. In glufosinate-based systems in Georgia, dicamba was as effective as standard herbicides only when dicamba was applied twice.

Impact of foliar fungicide timing and fungicide class on corn yield response in the United States and Ontario, Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiersten A. Wise ◽  
Damon L. Smith ◽  
Anna Freije ◽  
Daren S. Mueller ◽  
Yuba R. Kandel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Foliar Fungicide

SOIL–AIR EXCHANGE MODEL OF PERSISTENT PESTICIDES IN THE UNITED STATES COTTON BELT

2001 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 1612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Harner ◽  
Terry F. Bidleman ◽  
Liisa M.M. Jantunen ◽  
Don Mackay
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Exchange Model ◽  
Soil Air ◽  
Cotton Belt ◽  
Persistent Pesticides ◽  
Air Exchange

“Machinery Has Completely Taken Over”: The Diffusion of the Mechanical Cotton Picker, 1949–1964

2008 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig Heinicke ◽  
Wayne A. Grove
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Technological Change ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
The United States ◽  
The South ◽  
The West ◽  
Cotton Picker ◽  
Cotton Belt

Hand picking of cotton in the United States virtually disappeared twenty years after the first mechanical harvester was marketed in 1949. Contrary to received accounts, southern social institutions did not impede the diffusion of the mechanical cotton picker from the West to the cotton belt in the South so much as environmental factors and educational attainment did. Rising cotton yields and exogenous technological change drove diffusion by reducing the costs of machine harvesting. Labor displacement resulting from the cotton picker occurred only in a concentrated burst after 1959.

Soil-air exchange model of persistent pesticides in the United States cotton belt

2001 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 1612-1621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Harner ◽  
Terry F. Bidleman ◽  
Liisa M. M. Jantunen ◽  
Don Mackay
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Exchange Model ◽  
Soil Air ◽  
Cotton Belt ◽  
Persistent Pesticides ◽  
Air Exchange

scholarly journals Meta-analysis of yield response of foliar fungicide-treated hybrid corn in the United States and Ontario, Canada

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. e0217510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiersten A. Wise ◽  
Damon Smith ◽  
Anna Freije ◽  
Daren S. Mueller ◽  
Yuba Kandel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Hybrid Corn ◽  
Foliar Fungicide
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