Precocious aging of the immune system in Down syndrome: Alteration of b lymphocytes, T-lymphocyte subsets, and cells with natural killer markers

2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (S7) ◽  
pp. 213-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Cossarizza ◽  
Daniela Monti ◽  
Giuliano Montagnani ◽  
Claudio Ortolani ◽  
Massimo Masi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Natural Killer ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
T Lymphocyte Subsets

scholarly journals Flow Cytometry Study of Lymphocyte Subsets in Malnourished and Well-Nourished Children with Bacterial Infections

2004 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 577-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oralia Nájera ◽  
Cristina González ◽  
Guadalupe Toledo ◽  
Laura López ◽  
Rocío Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
B Lymphocyte ◽  
Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
T Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Malnourished Children ◽  
Protein Energy

ABSTRACT Protein-energy malnutrition is the primary cause of immune deficiency in children across the world. It has been related to changes in peripheral T-lymphocyte subsets. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of infection and malnutrition on the proportion of peripheral-lymphocyte subsets in well-nourished non-bacterium-infected (WN), well-nourished bacterium-infected (WNI), and malnourished bacterium-infected (MNI) children by flow cytometry. A prospectively monitored cohort of 15 MNI, 12 WNI, and 17 WN children was studied. All the children were 3 years old or younger and had only bacterial infections. Results showed a significant decrease in the proportion of T CD3+ (P < 0.05 for relative and P < 0.03 for absolute values), CD4+ (P < 0.01 for relative and absolute values), and CD8+ (P < 0.05 for relative values) lymphocyte subsets in WNI children compared to the results seen with WN children. Additionally, B lymphocytes in MNI children showed significant lower values (CD20+ P < 0.02 for relative and P < 0.05 for absolute values) in relation to the results seen with WNI children. These results suggest that the decreased proportions of T-lymphocyte subsets observed in WNI children were associated with infection diseases and that the incapacity to increase the proportion of B lymphocyte was associated with malnutrition. This low proportion of B lymphocytes may be associated with the mechanisms involved in the immunodeficiency of malnourished children.

scholarly journals T Helper Lymphocyte Subsets and Plasticity in Autoimmunity and Cancer: An Overview

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina A. Ivanova ◽  
Alexander N. Orekhov
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
T Helper ◽  
T Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Adequate Response ◽  
T Helper Lymphocyte ◽  
Th1 And Th2

In response to cytokine signalling and other factors, CD4-positive T lymphocytes differentiate into distinct populations that are characterized by the production of certain cytokines and are controlled by different master transcription factors. The spectrum of such populations, which was initially limited to Th1 and Th2 subsets, is currently broadened to include Th17 and Treg subsets, as well as a number of less studied subtypes, such as Tfh, Th9, and Th22. Although these subsets appear to be relatively stable, certain plasticity exists that allows for transition between the subsets and formation of hybrid transition forms. This provides the immune system flexibility needed for adequate response to pathogens but, at the same time, can play a role in the pathogenic processes in cases of deregulation. In this review, we will discuss the properties of T lymphocyte subsets and their plasticity, as well as its implications for cancer and autoimmune diseases.

scholarly journals The Use of Wavelength Modulated Raman Spectroscopy in Label-Free Identification of T Lymphocyte Subsets, Natural Killer Cells and Dendritic Cells

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e0125158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingzhou Chen ◽  
Naomi McReynolds ◽  
Elaine C. Campbell ◽  
Michael Mazilu ◽  
João Barbosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Natural Killer Cells ◽  
Natural Killer ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Label Free ◽  
T Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Killer Cells

scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of a Master Transcription Factor of Th1 Cells, T-bet, Within Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongfei Tian ◽  
Jing Xing ◽  
Xiaoqian Tang ◽  
Heng Chi ◽  
Xiuzhen Sheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Paralichthys Olivaceus ◽  
Head Kidney ◽  
Edwardsiella Tarda ◽  
T Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Ifn Γ

T-bet, a T-box family member, is a transcription factor essential for the differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells into Th1 cells that are involved in both innate and adaptive immune responses. In this study, the transcription factor T-bet of flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) was cloned and characterized, and its expression profile after infection was analyzed. T-bet+ cells were identified in flounder, and the expression and localization of T-bet in T lymphocyte subsets and B lymphocytes were investigated. Finally, the proliferation of T-bet+ cells, T lymphocyte subsets, and B lymphocytes were studied after stimulation with IFN-γ, IL-2, and IL-6, respectively, and the variations of some transcription factors and cytokines in CD4+ T lymphocyte subsets were detected. The results showed that T-bet in flounder consists of 619 aa with a conserved T-box DNA binding domain. T-bet was abundantly expressed in the spleen, head kidney, and heart, and it was significantly upregulated after infection with Vibrio anguillarum, Edwardsiella tarda, and Hirame rhabdovirus, especially in the group of Edwardsiella tarda. A polyclonal antibody against recombinant protein of T-bet was prepared, which specifically recognized the natural T-bet molecule in flounder. T-bet+ cells were found to be distributed in the lymphocytes of peripheral blood, spleen, and head kidney, with the highest proportion in spleen, and the positive signals of T-bet occurred in the cell nucleus. T-bet was also detected in the sorted CD4-1+, CD4-2+, CD8+ T lymphocytes, and IgM+ B lymphocytes. In addition, T-bet+ cells, coordinated with CD4-1+ and CD4-2+ T lymphocytes, were proliferated after stimulation with IFN-γ, IL-2, and IL-6. Especially in sorted CD4-1+ and CD4-2+ T lymphocytes, IFN-γ and IL-2 were able to upregulate the expression of T-bet, forming a positive feedback loop in Th1-type cytokine secretion. These results suggest that T-bet may act as a master transcription factor regulating flounder CD4+ T lymphocytes involved in a Th1-type immune response.

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