Functional Morphology of the Female Genital Organs in the Peruvian Red Uakari Monkey (Cacajao Calvus Ucayalii)

2013 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 545-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
PEDRO MAYOR ◽  
MARK BOWLER ◽  
CARLOS LÓPEZ-PLANA
Keyword(s):  
Functional Morphology ◽  
Female Genital

Functional morphology of the female genital organs in the wild ring-tailed coati (Nasua nasua) in the northeastern Peruvian Amazon

2013 ◽  
Vol 91 (7) ◽  
pp. 496-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Mayor ◽  
D. Montes ◽  
C. López-Plana
Keyword(s):  
Functional Morphology ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Reproductive Season ◽  
Reproductive Pattern ◽  
Peruvian Amazon ◽  
Wild Female ◽  
Nasua Nasua ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Vaginal Cytology ◽  
Female Genital

This study examines the functional morphology of genital organs of 45 wild female ring-tailed coatis (Nasua nasua (L., 1766)) in the Peruvian Amazon. The coati shows a seasonal reproductive pattern, with a concentration of births between January and March. The pregnancy rate during the reproductive season was 64.7%. Mean litter size was 4.2 fetuses and mean ovulation rate was 4.5 follicles per pregnant female, resulting in a low rate of embryo or oocyte mortality of 9.8%. The observed vaginal pattern in our study suggests that vaginal cytology could be a useful indicator for the phase of estrus. The present evaluation provides reproductive information that may be a key component in the development of management strategies for both captive and wild coati populations.

Functional morphology and taxonomic relevance of the female genital structures in Acartiidae (Copepoda: Calanoida)

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 857-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.-M. Barthélémy
Keyword(s):  
Functional Morphology ◽  
Seminal Receptacle ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
The Other ◽  
Storage Site ◽  
Complex Organization ◽  
The Family ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Female Genital

Observations of female genital structures using light and scanning electron microscopy in 25 species of Acartiidae (Copepoda: Calanoida) show the presence of paired gonopores and egg-laying ducts with a typical semicircular configuration in all specimens. In the genus Acartiella, there is no seminal receptacle and the external genital area serves as storage site of the spermatophoral products forming an external mass. Unlike in the other acartiids, the genital structures present a complex organization with paired adjacent gonopores and copulatory pores. In almost all the species, the seminal receptacles exhibit characteristic loop-shaped seminal ducts which connect them to the egg-laying ducts. The functional morphology and taxonomic relevance of genital structures are discussed. The present results do not justify the Steuer's subgenus division of the genus Acartia, the very predominant one of the family.

scholarly journals Experimental reduction of intromittent organ length reduces male reproductive success in a bug

2015 ◽  
Vol 282 (1808) ◽  
pp. 20150724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liam R. Dougherty ◽  
Imran A. Rahman ◽  
Emily R. Burdfield-Steel ◽  
E. V. (Ginny) Greenway ◽  
David M. Shuker
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Functional Morphology ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Male Reproductive Success ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Reproductive Anatomy ◽  
Excellent Tool ◽  
Female Genital

It is now clear in many species that male and female genital evolution has been shaped by sexual selection. However, it has historically been difficult to confirm correlations between morphology and fitness, as genital traits are complex and manipulation tends to impair function significantly. In this study, we investigate the functional morphology of the elongate male intromittent organ (or processus) of the seed bug Lygaeus simulans , in two ways. We first use micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and flash-freezing to reconstruct in high resolution the interaction between the male intromittent organ and the female internal reproductive anatomy during mating. We successfully trace the path of the male processus inside the female reproductive tract. We then confirm that male processus length influences sperm transfer by experimental ablation and show that males with shortened processi have significantly reduced post-copulatory reproductive success. Importantly, male insemination function is not affected by this manipulation per se . We thus present rare, direct experimental evidence that an internal genital trait functions to increase reproductive success and show that, with appropriate staining, micro-CT is an excellent tool for investigating the functional morphology of insect genitalia during copulation.

Functional significance of preserved color patterns of mollusks from the Gosport Sand (Eocene) of Alabama

1988 ◽  
Vol 62 (01) ◽  
pp. 83-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia H. Kelley ◽  
Charles T. Swann
Keyword(s):  
Functional Morphology ◽  
Functional Significance ◽  
Intraspecific Variability ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Color Patterns ◽  
Historical Factors ◽  
Life Mode ◽  
Molluscan Fauna ◽  
Excellent Preservation ◽  
Architectural Constraints

The excellent preservation of the molluscan fauna from the Gosport Sand (Eocene) at Little Stave Creek, Alabama, has made it possible to describe the preserved color patterns of 15 species. In this study the functional significance of these color patterns is tested in the context of the current adaptationist controversy. The pigment of the color pattern is thought to be a result of metabolic waste disposal. Therefore, the presence of the pigment is functional, although the patterns formed by the pigment may or may not have been adaptive. In this investigation the criteria proposed by Seilacher (1972) for testing the functionality of color patterns were applied to the Gosport fauna and the results compared with life mode as interpreted from knowledge of extant relatives and functional morphology. Using Seilacher's criteria of little ontogenetic and intraspecific variability, the color patterns appear to have been functional. However, the functional morphology studies indicate an infaunal life mode which would preclude functional color patterns. Particular color patterns are instead interpreted to be the result of historical factors, such as multiple adaptive peaks or random fixation of alleles, or of architectural constraints including possibly pleiotropy or allometry. The low variability of color patterns, which was noted within species and genera, suggests that color patterns may also serve a useful taxonomic purpose.

Female Genital Cutting

2006 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
NAWAL M. NOUR
Keyword(s):  
Female Genital Cutting ◽  
Genital Cutting ◽  
Female Genital
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