Experimental investigations on spray flames and emissions analysis of diesel and diesel/biodiesel blends for combustion in oxy‐fuel burner

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Medhat ElKelawy ◽  
Hagar Alm‐Eldin Bastawissi ◽  
El‐Shenawy A. El‐Shenawy ◽  
Hitesh Panchal ◽  
Kishorkumar Sadashivuni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Biodiesel Blends ◽  
Spray Flames ◽  
Fuel Burner

Assessment of Scale-Resolved Computational Fluid Dynamics Methods for the Investigation of Lean Burn Spray Flames

2016 ◽  
Vol 139 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Puggelli ◽  
Davide Bertini ◽  
Lorenzo Mazzei ◽  
Antonio Andreini
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Comparison ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Combustion Model ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Lean Burn ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Physical Description ◽  
Spray Flames ◽  
Flamelet Generated Manifold ◽  
Modeling Strategy

Incoming standards on NOx emissions are motivating many aero-engines manufacturers to adopt the lean burn combustion concept. However, several technological issues have to be faced in this transition, among which limited availability of air for cooling purpose and thermoacoustics phenomena. In this scenario, standard numerical design tools are not often capable of characterizing such devices. Thus, considering also the difficulties of experimental investigations in a highly pressurized and reactive environment, unsteady scale-resolved CFD methods are required to correctly understand the combustor performances. In this work, a set of scale-resolved simulations have been carried out on the Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR) generic single-sector combustor spray flame for which measurements both in nonreactive and reactive test conditions are available. Exploiting a two-phase Eulerian–Lagrangian approach combined with a flamelet generated manifold (FGM) combustion model, LES simulations have been performed in order to assess the potential improvements with respect to steady-state solutions. Additional comparisons have also been accomplished with scale-adaptive simulation (SAS) calculations based on eddy dissipation combustion model (EDM). The comparison with experimental results shows that the chosen unsteady strategies lead to a more physical description of reactive processes with respect to Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) simulations. FGM model showed some limitations in reproducing the partially premixed nature of the flame, whereas SAS–EDM proved to be a robust modeling strategy within an industrial perspective. A new set of spray boundary conditions for liquid injection is also proposed whose reliability is proved through a detailed comparison against experimental data.

Assessment of Scale Resolved CFD Methods for the Investigation of Lean Burn Spray Flames

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Andreini ◽  
D. Bertini ◽  
L. Mazzei ◽  
S. Puggelli
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Combustion Model ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Lean Burn ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Spray Flames ◽  
Flamelet Generated Manifold ◽  
Reactive Processes

Incoming standards on NOx emissions are motivating many aero-engines manufacturers to adopt the lean burn combustion concept. However, several technological issues have to be faced in this transition, among which limited availability of air for cooling purpose and thermoacoustics phenomena that should be managed to safely implement this burning mode. In this scenario, standard numerical design tools are not often capable of characterizing such devices. Thus, considering also the difficulties of experimental investigations in a highly pressurized and reactive environment, unsteady scale resolved CFD methods are required to correctly understand the combustor performances. In the last years Large Eddy (LES) and hybrid RANS-LES models such as Scale Adaptive Simulations (SAS) have undergone considerable developments. Such approaches have been already applied for gaseous flames, leading to a strong enhancement in phenomena prediction with respect to standard steady-state simulations. However, huge research efforts are still required when spray flames are considered, since all the numerical models chosen to describe spray dynamics and the related reactive processes can have a strong impact on the accuracy of the whole simulation. In this work a set of scale resolved simulations have been carried out on the DLR Generic Single Sector Combustor spray flame for which measurements both in non-reactive and reactive test conditions are available. Exploiting a two-phase Eulerian-Lagrangian approach combined with a Flamelet Generated Manifold (FGM) combustion model, LES simulations have been performed in order to assess the potential improvements with respect to steady state solutions. Additional comparisons have also been accomplished with SAS calculations based on Eddy Dissipation combustion model (EDM). The comparison with experimental results shows that the chosen unsteady strategies lead to a more physical description of reactive processes with respect to RANS simulations. FGM model showed some limitations in reproducing the partially-premixed nature of the flame, whereas SAS-EDM proved to be a robust modelling strategy within an industrial perspective. A new set of spray boundary conditions for liquid injection is also proposed whose realiability is proved through a detailed comparison against experimental data.

scholarly journals Diesel Internal Combustion Engine Emissions Measurements for Methanol-Based and Ethanol-Based Biodiesel Blends

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charalambos A. Chasos ◽  
George N. Karagiorgis ◽  
Chris N. Christodoulou
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Fuel Blend ◽  
Biodiesel Blends

There is a recent interest for the utilisation of renewable and alternative fuel, which is regulated by the European Union, that currently imposes a lower limit of 7% by volume of biodiesel fuel blend in diesel fuel. The biodiesel physical characteristics, as well as the percentage of biodiesel blend in diesel fuel, affect the injector nozzle flow, the spray characteristics, the resulting air/fuel mixture, and subsequently the combustion quality and emissions, as well as the overall engine performance. In the present study, two different types of pure biodiesel fuel, namely, methanol-based biodiesel and ethanol-based biodiesel, were produced in the laboratory of Frederick University by chemical processing of raw materials. The two biodiesel fuels were used for blending pure diesel fuel at various percentages. The blends were used for smoke emissions measurements of a diesel internal combustion engine at increasing engine speed and for increasing engine temperatures. From the experimental investigations it was found that ethanol-based biodiesel blends result in higher smoke emissions than pure diesel fuel, while methanol-based biodiesel blends smoke emissions are lower compared to pure diesel fuel.

Experimental Investigations on Stabilization Mechanism of Lifted Kerosene Spray Flames

2017 ◽  
Vol 189 (7) ◽  
pp. 1241-1259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umesh Potdar ◽  
Ajinkya Jamgade ◽  
P. Mahyavanshi ◽  
Y. Yoon ◽  
Sudarshan Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Stabilization Mechanism ◽  
Spray Flames

Experimental Investigations on Lifted Spray Flames for a Range of Coflow Conditions

2012 ◽  
Vol 184 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Mahendra Reddy ◽  
Darshan Trivedi ◽  
Sudarshan Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Spray Flames

Simulation of Combustion in a DI Diesel Engine Operating on Biodiesel Blends

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keshav S. Varde ◽  
Shubha K. Veeramachineni
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
Biodiesel Blends ◽  
Di Diesel Engine ◽  
The Impact

There has been considerable interest in recent years in using blends of petroleum diesel and biodiesels in diesel engines. Some of the interests arise in making use of renewable fuels, or in reducing dependency on imported fossil fuels and, in some cases, to provide economic boost to agricultural industry. It is believed that substitution of a small amount of biodiesel for petroleum diesel can reduce the import of fuel and help in trade balance. Biodiesels, whether derived from vegetable oils or animal fat, have many properties that align with those of petroleum diesel. This makes biodiesel a good candidate for blending it in small quantities with petroleum diesel. Studies have shown biodiesel blends to work well in diesel engines. However, experimental investigations of biodiesel blends have shown some discrepancies in engine thermal efficiency and emissions of NOx. A combustion simulation model for diesel engine may help to understand some of the differences in engine performance when different fuels are used. This paper deals with an existing simulation model that was applied to a diesel engine operating on biodiesel blends. The model was a modified version of GT-Power that was specifically modified to fit the test engine. The model was calibrated using a single cylinder, naturally aspirated, DI diesel engine operating on ultra-low sulfur (ULSD) diesel. It was used to predict engine performance when operating on different blends of soy biodiesel and ULSD. The simulation utilized detailed physical and chemical properties of the blends to predict cylinder pressures, fuel consumption, and emissions of oxides of nitrogen (NOx). Comparison between predicted and experimental values showed good correlations. The predicted trends in fuel consumption, emissions of NOx and smoke showed comparable trends. The model allows the user to change fuel properties to assess the impact of variations in blend composition on exhaust emissions. This paper discusses comparisons between the predicted and experimental results and how fuel composition can possibly impact NOx emissions.

scholarly journals An Experimental Investigation on the Effects of Nanofluid and Peltier Element on Diesel and Biodiesel Blends in Compression Ignition Engine

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.6) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
R Manimaran ◽  
K Murugu Mohan Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Effective Alternative ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Peltier Element ◽  
Biodiesel Blends ◽  
Mahua Biodiesel

This research work discusses the experimental investigations on the combined effects of Nanofluid and Peltier elements in mahua biodiesel blends with diesel fuel.  The fuel test was carried out in a single cylinder ata constant speed (1500 rpm) direct injection diesel engine. Mahua oil used as an effective alternative to diesel fuel and mahua methyl ester derived from transesterification process. The mahua biodiesel was blended with diesel and nanofluid on volume fraction like M10, M20, M10* and M20*. Nanofluidin biodiesel blends with diesel resultsefficient combustion leads to improvement in engine performance, butit causes an increase in viscosity. Peltier element was used to reduce biodiesel blend viscosity with the principle of thermo-electricity.Finally, this research work concludes Mahua biodiesel 20% + diesel 80% + 2ml of aluminium oxide nanofluid (M20*) fuel act as an effective alternative fuel.M20*blend results in better engine combustion, performance (improved BTE and optimum BSEC) and decreased emission of  NOx, Smoke and increased HC, CO emissions as compared to diesel fuel operation at peak power outputs.  

Experimental investigations on the stabilization of lifted kerosene spray flames with coflow air

2018 ◽  
Vol 190 (10) ◽  
pp. 1689-1709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umesh Potdar ◽  
Omkar Pawar ◽  
Raghav Sikka ◽  
Sudarshan Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Spray Flames

Emission and Combustion Characteristics of Biodiesel (Jatropha Curcas) Blends in a Medium Duty IDI Transportation Engine

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harish Kumar Gangwar ◽  
Avinash Kumar Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Pressure Rise ◽  
Careful Analysis ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Cylinder Pressure ◽  
Biodiesel Blends

Vegetable oils, due to their agricultural origin, are able to reduce net carbon-di-oxide emissions to the atmosphere along with import substitution of petroleum products. However, several operational and durability problems in using straight vegetable oils as CI engine fuels are reported in the literature, which are because of their higher viscosity and low volatility compared to mineral diesel. In the present research, experiment were designed to study the effect of lowering Jatropha oil’s viscosity by transesterification and thereby eliminating adverse effects on combustion characteristics of the engine. In the present experimental research, Jatropha methyl ester is produced by transesterification of jatropha oil using methanol in presence of basic catalyst (Sodium hydroxide). Experimental investigations have been carried out to examine the combustion characteristics of in an indirect injection (IDI) transportation diesel engine running with diesel, biodiesel and its blends with diesel. Engine tests were performed at different engine loads ranging from no load to rated (100%) load at fixed engine speed (2000 rpm). A careful analysis of cylinder pressure rise, instantaneous heat release and cumulative heat release was carried out. All test fuels exhibited similar combustion stages as diesel however biodiesel and its blends showed earlier start of combustion and lower heat release during premixed combustion phase at all engine load. Maximum cylinder pressure reduces as the fraction of biodiesel increases in the blend and at higher engine loads, the crank angle position of peak cylinder pressure for biodiesel blends shifted away from top dead center. The maximum rate of pressure rise was found to be higher for diesel at higher engine loads however total combustion duration was higher for biodiesel blends.

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