Study on surface modification and flame retardants properties of ammonium polyphosphate for polypropylene

2011 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. 781-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhouqiao Lei ◽  
Youming Cao ◽  
Fei Xie ◽  
Hui Ren
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Ammonium Polyphosphate

Detection of the Intermediates in Preparation of Ammonium Polyphosphate by Temperature Raising Rate Factor

2013 ◽  
Vol 275-277 ◽  
pp. 1654-1657
Author(s):  
Yue Long Liu ◽  
Gou Sheng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Mechanism ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Ammonium Polyphosphate ◽  
Reaction Process ◽  
Halogen Free ◽  
Internal Relationships ◽  
Controllable Preparation

Detection of intermediates is the general way to investigate a reaction mechanism, because the intermediates connect the reactants and the products, the intermediates can reflect some internal relationships between the reactants and the products. By studying the the structures of intermediates, the reaction process and reaction mechanism can thus be understood. Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) is an effective material as halogen-free flame retardants, it has six crystalline forms.In preparation of APP, the factor of temperature raising rate is investigated, some intermediates are detected, the XRD spectra of these intermediates are discussed. The results are informative for controllable preparation of APP in industrial production.

Mechanism of action of phosphorus-based flame retardants in nylon 6. I. Ammonium polyphosphate

1995 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. V. Levchik ◽  
G. Camino ◽  
L. Costa ◽  
G. F. Levchik
Keyword(s):  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Nylon 6 ◽  
Ammonium Polyphosphate

Effects of Surface Modification of Mg(OH)2 with Polysiloxane Oil and Silica Additive on the Flame Retardancy and Mechanical Properties of LDPE-Mg(OH)2 Composites

2004 ◽  
Vol 847 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kodama ◽  
T. Hyodo ◽  
Y. Shimizu ◽  
M. Egashira
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Surface Modification ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Fumed Silica ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Oxygen Index ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Co Addition ◽  
Silica Additive

ABSTRACTComposites of low density polyethylene (LDPE) and 40 wt% Mg(OH)2 modified with several kinds of polysiloxane oils were prepared in order to evaluate the effect of the surface modification of Mg(OH)2 on the mechanical properties and oxygen index of the composites. A composite containing Mg(OH)2 modified with methylhydrogen polysiloxane oil showed an oxygen index of 23.8% O2 and an elongation of 425%. These values were superior to other composites containing Mg(OH)2 modified with other kinds of polysiloxane oils. The oxygen index could be enhanced up to 24.8% by co-addition of 5 wt% fumed silica as another flame retardant to the composite of LDPE and 35 wt% Mg(OH)2 (modified with methylhydrogen polysiloxane oil), while fixing the total amount of the flame retardants at 40 wt%.

scholarly journals Synergistic Effects of Graphene and Ammonium Polyphosphate Modified with Vinyltrimethoxysilane on the Properties of High-Impact Polystyrene Composites

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 881
Author(s):  
Xianghui Shi ◽  
Yong Pan ◽  
Yuguo Wang ◽  
Zhimeng Jia ◽  
Tingting Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometer ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Ammonium Polyphosphate ◽  
High Impact Polystyrene ◽  
Surface Modified

Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) was modified with a silane coupling agent (vinyltrimethoxysilane, Si-171), and then the synergistic flame retarding effect of graphene and surface-modified APP (APP@Si-171) on high-impact polystyrene (HIPS) was investigated. Surface modification and thermal stability characterization of APP were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results showed that surface-modified APP (APP@Si-171) exhibited significantly better dispersion and less agglomeration tendencies compared with pure APP. A series of target HIPS composites containing different mass fractions of the two flame retardants were prepared by melt blending. TGA and cone calorimeter tests (CCT) were conducted to quantitatively investigate the thermal and flammability properties of the composites, respectively. Results from TGA and CCT demonstrated that the addition of the flame retardants delayed the onset and peak temperatures in differential thermogravimetry (DTG) curves and weakened the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR). Moreover, the synergistic effect index (SE) was employed to quantify the synergistic behavior between the two fillers, and the results showed that APP@Si-171 and graphene had a synergistic effect on improving the thermal stability and flame retardancy of HIPS.

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