Self-report and physical performance measures of physical function in hip osteoarthritis: Relationship to isometric quadriceps torque development

Abstract Background Musculoskeletal pain alters physiological function, which may be evidenced as early as middle age. Previous research has concluded that middle-aged adults are a high-risk group for musculoskeletal pain and report functional limitations similar to older adults. However, few studies have examined the relationships between musculoskeletal pain and physical function, using objective performance measures in a sample of racially and socioeconomically diverse adults. Thus, this study examined musculoskeletal pain in relation to physical function in middle-aged (30–64 years) White and Black adults and investigated whether the relationship varied by sociodemographic characteristics. Methods This cross-sectional examination incorporated data from the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life-Span Study. Participants (n = 875) completed measures of musculoskeletal pain and objective measures of physical performance (ie, lower and upper body strength, balance, and gait abnormalities). Physical performance measures were standardized to derive a global measure of physical function as the dependent variable. Results Approximately, 59% of participants identified at least 1 pain sites (n = 518). Multivariable regression analyses identified significant relationships between greater musculoskeletal pain and poorer physical function (β = −0.07, p = .031), in mid midlife (β = −0.04, p = .041; age 40–54) and late midlife (β = −0.05, p = .027; age 55–64). Conclusions This study observed that musculoskeletal pain was associated with poorer physical function within a diverse group of middle-aged adults. Future research should longitudinally explore whether chronic musculoskeletal pain identified at younger ages is associated with greater risk for functional limitation and dependence in later life.

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Assessing physical functioning on pain management programmes: the unique contribution of directly assessed physical performance measures and their relationship to self-reports

British Journal of Pain ◽

10.1177/2049463716680559 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 46-57 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Beth J Guildford ◽

Clair M Jacobs ◽

Aisling Daly-Eichenhardt ◽

Whitney Scott ◽

Lance M McCracken

Keyword(s):

Pain Management ◽

Physical Performance ◽

Performance Measures ◽

Physical Functioning ◽

Significant Degree ◽

Self Report ◽

Future Research ◽

Unique Contribution ◽

Outcome Domain ◽

The Many

Physical functioning is a recommended outcome domain for pain management programmes. It can be assessed by self-report and by direct assessment of performance. Although physical performance measures may provide unique and useful information about patient functioning over and above self-report measures, it is not entirely clear which of the many possible performances to assess. This study investigated a battery of three directly assessed physical performance measures and their relationship to three currently used self-report measures of general health and functioning. The three performance measures were sensitive to treatment; patients performed significantly better on all three measures following completion of the pain management programme. The three performance measures were shown to represent a single underlying dimension, and there was a significant degree of overlap between them. The performance measures were shown to be relevant in explaining variation in the self-report measures, as well as to offer a clinically relevant different dimension of assessment to self-report. Future research could focus on developing performance-based measures that capture quality of movement and that are sensitive to relevant processes of therapeutic change.

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Measurement of function in hip osteoarthritis: Developing a standardized approach for physical performance measures

Physiotherapy Theory and Practice ◽

10.3109/09593985.2010.491150 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 253-262 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Alexis A Wright ◽

Eric J Hegedus ◽

G David Baxter ◽

J Haxby Abbott

Keyword(s):

Physical Performance ◽

Performance Measures ◽

Hip Osteoarthritis

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Orthoses versus gait retraining: Immediate response in improving physical performance measures in healthy and medial knee osteoarthritic adults

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part H Journal of Engineering in Medicine ◽

10.1177/0954411920924525 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 234 (7) ◽

pp. 749-757

Author(s):

Saad Jawaid Khan ◽

Soobia Saad Khan ◽

Juliana Usman ◽

Abdul Halim Mokhtar ◽

Noor Azuan Abu Osman

Keyword(s):

Knee Osteoarthritis ◽

Physical Function ◽

Physical Performance ◽

Performance Measures ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Valgus Knee ◽

Walk Test ◽

Gait Retraining ◽

Knee Brace ◽

Medial Knee

The conservative techniques of treating knee osteoarthritis (kOA) include wearing orthoses such as knee braces and laterally wedged insoles and applying gait modification techniques such as toe-in gait and toe-out gait. This study aimed at assessing the immediate effects of these techniques in improving physical function of healthy and kOA participants. Five Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) recommended performance-based tests were randomly applied to measure physical function: (1) 30-second chair stand test (30CST), (2) 40-m (4 × 10) fast-paced walk test (40FPW), (3) stair climb test (SCT), (4) timed up and go test (TUGT) and (5) 6-minute walk test (6MWT) during a single-visit on 20 healthy and 20 kOA patients (age: 59.5 ± 7.33 and 61.5 ± 8.63 years, BMI: 69.95 ± 9.86 and 70.45 ± 8.80 kg/m2). The interventions included natural gait, toe-out gait, toe-in gait, laterally wedged insoles and knee brace. Analysis was performed through repeated-measures ANOVA and independent sample t-test. 30CST and TUGT showed no significant differences for the five test conditions ( p > 0.05). Toe-out showed profound effects via pairwise comparison in impairing the physical function while knee brace improved it during 40FPW, SCT and 6MWT. In general, all the tested conservative techniques except laterally wedged insoles had immediate effects on physical performance measures in both healthy and medial knee osteoarthritis participants. The valgus knee brace improved the parameters the most, while toe-out gait impaired them the most. Future studies can develop strategies for improving gait retraining methods on the basis of issues identified by this study.

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Relationship between SHARE-FI Frailty Scores and Physical Performance Measures in Older Adult Medicaid Recipients

Geriatrics ◽

10.3390/geriatrics3030051 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 51 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Margaret Danilovich ◽

Laura Diaz ◽

Daniel Corcos ◽

Jody Ciolino

Keyword(s):

Older Adult ◽

Physical Performance ◽

Performance Measures ◽

Gait Speed ◽

Fall Risk ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Performance Measure ◽

Self Report ◽

Timed Up And Go ◽

Cross Sectional

The Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe-Frailty Instrument (SHARE-FI) is a frailty assessment tool designed for primary care settings comprised of four self-report questions and grip strength measurement, yet it is not known how SHARE-FI scores relate to objective physical performance measures that assess physical functioning, fall risk, and disability. This cross-sectional, observational study examined the association between SHARE-FI scores and a battery of physical performance measures in a sample of older adult, Medicaid waiver recipients (n = 139, mean age = 74.19 ± 8.36 years). We administered the SHARE-FI, Timed Up and Go (TUG), gait speed, and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) in participants’ homes. Among clients, 45% were frail, 35% pre-frail, and 20% non-frail. There were significant differences in all physical performance measure scores with respect to SHARE-FI category. SHARE-FI continuous scores significantly predicted TUG time, all domains of the SPPB, gait speed, and inability to complete the chair rise test. Self-reported walking difficulty and objectively measured gait speed were significantly correlated. The SHARE-FI continuous frailty score predicts scores on a variety of validated physical performance measures. Given the fast administration time, the SHARE-FI could potentially be used to serve as a surrogate for physical performance measures with known association with physical function, fall risk, and disability.

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Mid-life social participation and physical performance at age 60–64: evidence from the 1946 British Birth Cohort Study

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckz005 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (5) ◽

pp. 986-992 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A Vusirikala ◽

Y Ben-Shlomo ◽

D Kuh ◽

M Stafford ◽

R Cooper ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Function ◽

Physical Performance ◽

Social Participation ◽

Short Form ◽

Social Activity ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Performance Measure ◽

Older Age ◽

Self Report ◽

Birth Cohort Study

Abstract Background Previous studies linking social activity and disability have been limited by focussing on self-reported physical performance in older adults (>65). We examined whether social participation in mid-life is associated with objective and subjective measures of physical performance in older age. Methods Participants of the Medical Research Council National Survey of Health and Development reported their involvement in social activities at ages 43 and 60–64 years; frequency of such involvement was classified into thirds. Physical performance was measured at age 60–64 using: grip strength; standing balance; chair rises; timed get-up-and-go; self-reported physical function from the Short Form-36. Multivariable regression was used to examine longitudinal associations between social participation and each physical performance measure. We also investigated whether change in social participation between 43 and 60–64 was associated with each outcome. Results In fully adjusted models, higher frequency of social participation at 43 was associated with faster chair rise (1.42 repetitions/min, 95% CI 0.45–2.39) and timed get-up-and-go speed (2.47 cm/s, 95% CI 0.27–4.67) and lower likelihood of self-report limitations (OR of low physical function 0.67, 95% CI 0.50–0.91) at 60–64 compared with low frequency. Better performance in objectively measured outcomes was observed only if higher social participation persisted over time whereas lower odds of self-reported limitations were found in all groups when compared to those with persistently low participation (ORs 0.43–0.56, all P≤0.02). Conclusion Our findings suggest that associations between higher levels of social participation in mid-life and better physical performance exist only if this social participation persists through to older age.

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Comparison of gender and group differences in self-report and physical performance measures in total hip and knee arthroplasty candidates

The Journal of Arthroplasty ◽

10.1054/arth.2002.29324 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 70-77 ◽

Cited By ~ 126

Author(s):

Deborah Kennedy ◽

Paul W. Stratford ◽

Sonia M.C. Pagura ◽

Marianne Walsh ◽

Linda J. Woodhouse

Keyword(s):

Physical Performance ◽

Performance Measures ◽

Knee Arthroplasty ◽

Self Report ◽

Group Differences ◽

Total Hip ◽

Hip And Knee Arthroplasty

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Twelve-Month Retention in and Impact of Enhance®Fitness on Older Adults in Hawai‘i

Journal of Aging Research ◽

10.1155/2019/9836181 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Michiyo Tomioka ◽

Kathryn L. Braun ◽

Yan Yan Wu ◽

Kay Holt ◽

Paula Keele ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Physical Performance ◽

Performance Measures ◽

Healthy Aging ◽

Low Cost ◽

Exercise Program ◽

Performance Measure ◽

Self Report ◽

Future Research ◽

Health Promotion Initiative

Introduction. Enhance®Fitness is a low-cost group exercise program designed specifically for older adults (60+ years) to improve physical performance. The Hawai‘i Healthy Aging Partnership, a statewide health promotion initiative, has continuously offered Enhance®Fitness to Hawai‘i’s multicultural population since 2007. This study examined 12-month participation in and impact of Enhance®Fitness on physical performance among older adults in Hawai‘i. Method. Linear mixed-effects models were applied to analyze the physical performance measures (chair-stands, arm curls, and the up-and-go test) collected at baseline (month 0) and at 4, 8, and 12 months. We also compared the characteristics of participants who participated in the program for 12 months with those who dropped out in order to gain insights on participant retention. Results. Of 1,202 older adults with baseline data, 427 (35.5%) were continuously enrolled in Enhance®Fitness for 12 months and participated in follow-up data collection. On average, participants attended 63.7% of thrice-weekly classes each month. Participants’ physical performance measures improved after 4 months, continued to improve until 8 months, and were maintained thereafter. Besides continuous attendance, performance-measure improvements were associated with younger age, male gender, living with others (vs. alone), and fewer chronic conditions. Compared to those who completed 12 months of the program, the 775 who left the program over the course of the year were more likely to be younger, to be Caucasian (vs. Asian or Pacific Islander), to self-report depression as a chronic condition, and to have lower levels of fitness at baseline. Common reasons for dropping out were illness, relocation, time conflicts, lost interest, and transportation issues. Conclusions. Long-term participants in Enhance®Fitness initially improved and then maintained physical performance. Future research is needed to identify strategies to maintain enrollment of older adults in the exercise programs over time.

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Resilience factors associated with physical function in vulnerable older adults from four countries

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.891 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

J T Pennington ◽

T L Sentell ◽

A Vafaei ◽

S M Camara ◽

E Belanger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Older Adults ◽

Gender Roles ◽

Physical Function ◽

Physical Performance ◽

Self Report ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Parental Unemployment ◽

Resilience Factors

Abstract Background Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) include an array of maltreatment and they have been shown to confer higher risks of early mobility loss and ultimately disablement in older ages. This study aims to identify resilience factors associated with physical function in a diverse sample of older adults (65-74 years) from the 2012 International Mobility in Aging Study (IMIAS) who reported ACEs. Methods 2002 participants were recruited from Kingston, Ontario; St. Hyacinthe, Quebec; Tirana, Albania; Manizales, Colombia; and Natal, Brazil. Economic ACEs were classified by self-report of at least one-poor childhood economic status, childhood hunger, parental unemployment-before the age of 15 years. The Short Physical Performance Battery was used to measure physical function; a score of < 8 was considered poor. Associations between hypothesized resilience factors (education, social support, expressed gender roles) and physical function were identified via bivariate analysis and logistic regression; after adjusting for sex, age, and sample site. Results Nearly half (46%) the participants reported economic ACES. High levels of education (OR 0.39; CI: 0.22-0.66) and social support from family (OR: 0.52; CI: 0.36-0.76), partners (OR: 0.47; CI: 0.29-0.74), and friends (OR: 0.59; CI: 0.38-0.92), as well as masculine (OR:0.49; CI: 0.29-0.83) and androgynous (0.48; CI: 0.30-0.77) gender roles, protected against poor physical function for those reporting childhood economic ACEs. Conclusions Despite encountering economic ACEs, those who achieved high relative levels of education, greater levels of support, as well as those characterized by masculine or androgynous gender roles, were more likely to maintain good physical performance in older ages compared to those with low education, no social support, and those classified as undifferentiated gender roles. Findings highlight critical points of intervention for those who experienced ACES. Key messages These findings imply that the associated negative physical health outcomes of ACEs can be delayed or eliminated via exposure to certain protective factors. Economic ACE exposure may be unavoidable, but there are resilience factors that could be promoted to foster the better health across the life course.

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