scholarly journals Preparative synthesis of dTDP-L-rhamnose through combined enzymatic pathways

2005 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young-Bok Kang ◽  
Yung-Hun Yang ◽  
Kwang-Won Lee ◽  
Sun-Gu Lee ◽  
Jae Kyung Sohng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preparative Synthesis ◽  
Enzymatic Pathways

Probing the Substrate Promiscuity of Isopentenyl Phosphate Kinase as a Platform for Hemiterpene Analogue Production

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Lund ◽  
Taylor Courtney ◽  
Gavin Williams
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Biology ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Isoprenoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Thermoplasma Acidophilum ◽  
Substrate Promiscuity ◽  
Enzymatic Pathways ◽  
First Time ◽  
Rate Limiting ◽  
Alcohol Dependent ◽  
Isopentenyl Phosphate

Isoprenoids are a large class of natural products with wide-ranging applications. Synthetic biology approaches to the manufacture of isoprenoids and their new-to-nature derivatives are limited due to the provision in Nature of just two hemiterpene building blocks for isoprenoid biosynthesis. To address this limitation, artificial chemo-enzymatic pathways such as the alcohol-dependent hemiterpene pathway (ADH) serve to leverage consecutive kinases to convert exogenous alcohols to pyrophosphates that could be coupled to downstream isoprenoid biosynthesis. To be successful, each kinase in this pathway should be permissive of a broad range of substrates. For the first time, we have probed the promiscuity of the second enzyme in the ADH pathway, isopentenyl phosphate kinase from Thermoplasma acidophilum, towards a broad range of acceptor monophosphates. Subsequently, we evaluate the suitability of this enzyme to provide non-natural pyrophosphates and provide a critical first step in characterizing the rate limiting steps in the artificial ADH pathway.<br>

Biodegradation of organophosphorus Pollutants by Soil Bacteria: Biochemical Aspects and Unsolved Problems

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 126-135
Author(s):  
T.V. Shushkova ◽  
D.O. Epiktetov ◽  
S.V. Tarlachkov ◽  
I.T. Ermakova ◽  
A.A. Leontievskii
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Soil Bacteria ◽  
Activity Regulation ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Phosphorus Source ◽  
Glyphosate Herbicide ◽  
Enzymatic Pathways

The degradation of persistent organophosphorus pollutants have been studied in 6 soil bacterial isolates and in 3 bacterial strains adapted for utilization of glyphosate herbicide (GP) under laboratory conditions. Significant differences in the uptake of organophosphonates were found in taxonomically close strains possessing similar enzymatic pathways of catabolism of these compounds, which indicates the existence of unknown mechanisms of activity regulation of these enzymes. The effect of adaptation for GP utilization as a sole phosphorus source on assimilation rates of several other phosphonates was observed in studied bacteria. The newly found efficient stains provided up to 56% of GP decomposition after application to the soil in the laboratory. The unresolved problems of microbial GP metabolism and the trends for further research on the creation of reliable biologicals capable of decomposing organophosphonates in the environment are discussed. organophosphonates, glyphosate, biodegradation, bioremediation, C-P lyase, phosphonatase, degrading bacteria Investigation of phosphonatase and genome sequencing were supported by Russian Science Foundation Grant no. 18-074-00021.

Ribonuclease a catalyzed preparative synthesis of dinucleoside monophosphates containing uridine analogues

1980 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 611-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonina P. Kavunenko ◽  
Antonín Holý
Keyword(s):  
Paper Chromatography ◽  
Ribonuclease A ◽  
Uv Spectra ◽  
Preparative Synthesis ◽  
Cyclic Phosphate ◽  
Dinucleoside Monophosphates

Preparative synthesis of dinucleoside monophosphates, catalyzed by ribonuclease A, is described. Uridine 2',3' -cyclic phosphate was used as a donor, the acceptors being uridine (Ia), N3-methyl-uridine (Ib), 5-methyluridine (Ic), 6-methyluridine (Id), 3-(β-D-ribofuranosyl)uracil (IIa), 1-methyl-3-(β-D-ribofuranosyl)uracil (IIb), 6-azauridine (III) and 6-methyl-2'-deoxyuridine (IV). The obtained compounds of the type UpN (where N is the nucleoside moiety I-IV) were characterized by paper chromatography, electrophoresis and UV-spectra.

scholarly journals Fighting Oxidative Stress with Sulfur: Hydrogen Sulfide in the Renal and Cardiovascular Systems

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 373
Author(s):  
Joshua J. Scammahorn ◽  
Isabel T. N. Nguyen ◽  
Eelke M. Bos ◽  
Harry Van Goor ◽  
Jaap A. Joles
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
The Body ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Enzymatic Production ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Enzymatic Pathways

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an essential gaseous signaling molecule. Research on its role in physiological and pathophysiological processes has greatly expanded. Endogenous enzymatic production through the transsulfuration and cysteine catabolism pathways can occur in the kidneys and blood vessels. Furthermore, non-enzymatic pathways are present throughout the body. In the renal and cardiovascular system, H2S plays an important role in maintaining the redox status at safe levels by promoting scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS). H2S also modifies cysteine residues on key signaling molecules such as keap1/Nrf2, NFκB, and HIF-1α, thereby promoting anti-oxidant mechanisms. Depletion of H2S is implicated in many age-related and cardiorenal diseases, all having oxidative stress as a major contributor. Current research suggests potential for H2S-based therapies, however, therapeutic interventions have been limited to studies in animal models. Beyond H2S use as direct treatment, it could improve procedures such as transplantation, stem cell therapy, and the safety and efficacy of drugs including NSAIDs and ACE inhibitors. All in all, H2S is a prime subject for further research with potential for clinical use.

scholarly journals Radical Dehalogenation and Purine Nucleoside Phosphorylase E. coli: How Does an Admixture of 2′,3′-Anhydroinosine Hinder 2-fluoro-cordycepin Synthesis

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 539
Author(s):  
Alexey L. Kayushin ◽  
Julia A. Tokunova ◽  
Ilja V. Fateev ◽  
Alexandra O. Arnautova ◽  
Maria Ya. Berzina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Synthesis ◽  
Purine Nucleoside Phosphorylase ◽  
Purine Nucleoside ◽  
Preparative Synthesis ◽  
Nucleoside Phosphorylase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
First Time

During the preparative synthesis of 2-fluorocordycepin from 2-fluoroadenosine and 3′-deoxyinosine catalyzed by E. coli purine nucleoside phosphorylase, a slowdown of the reaction and decrease of yield down to 5% were encountered. An unknown nucleoside was found in the reaction mixture and its structure was established. This nucleoside is formed from the admixture of 2′,3′-anhydroinosine, a byproduct in the preparation of 3-′deoxyinosine. Moreover, 2′,3′-anhydroinosine forms during radical dehalogenation of 9-(2′,5′-di-O-acetyl-3′-bromo- -3′-deoxyxylofuranosyl)hypoxanthine, a precursor of 3′-deoxyinosine in chemical synthesis. The products of 2′,3′-anhydroinosine hydrolysis inhibit the formation of 1-phospho-3-deoxyribose during the synthesis of 2-fluorocordycepin. The progress of 2′,3′-anhydroinosine hydrolysis was investigated. The reactions were performed in D2O instead of H2O; this allowed accumulating intermediate substances in sufficient quantities. Two intermediates were isolated and their structures were confirmed by mass and NMR spectroscopy. A mechanism of 2′,3′-anhydroinosine hydrolysis in D2O is fully determined for the first time.

scholarly journals The Effect of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction on the Progression of Osteoarthritis

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 506-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rory Norris ◽  
Pete Thompson ◽  
Alan Getgood
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Ligament Reconstruction ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Acl Injury ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Indirect Trauma ◽  
Ligament Rupture ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Enzymatic Pathways

Anterior cruciate ligament rupture (ACL) is a common injury, particularly among young sporting adults. Early onset osteoarthritis (OA) can be a devastating and difficult to manage consequence of such an injury. The techniques for reconstructing the ACL are advancing all the time, but the effect that this has on the progression of OA is less well understood. Many factors affect the development of OA following an ACL injury, including direct and indirect trauma to the articular cartilage, associated meniscal injuries, chronic tibiofemoral joint instability, and multiple enzymatic pathways. This review will summarize the current evidence surrounding each of these areas, and describe some of the recent developments that may have an impact on the management of these injuries in the future.

ChemInform Abstract: Preparative Synthesis of S-Thiocarbamoyl-β-thiopropionic Acids.

ChemInform ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (49) ◽  
pp. no-no
Author(s):  
M. M. ORLINSKII
Keyword(s):  
Preparative Synthesis

Recombinant (2→3)-α-sialyltransferase immobilized on nickel-Agarose for preparative synthesis of sialyl Lewisx and Lewisa precursor oligosaccharides

2003 ◽  
Vol 338 (11) ◽  
pp. 1153-1161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Ivannikova ◽  
Fabrice Bintein ◽  
Annie Malleron ◽  
Sylvie Juliant ◽  
Martine Cerutti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preparative Synthesis ◽  
Sialyl Lewisx

Regulation of lysophosphatidylcholine-metabolizing enzymes in isolated myocardial cells from rat heart

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (8) ◽  
pp. 944-951 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Severson ◽  
Thea Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Rat Heart ◽  
Marked Reduction ◽  
Myocardial Cells ◽  
Acyltransferase Activity ◽  
Metabolizing Enzymes ◽  
Enzymatic Pathways ◽  
Lysophospholipase Activity

Enzymatic pathways involved in the metabolism of lysophosphatidylcholine were investigated in rat heart myocardial cells. Acyl CoA-dependent acyltransferase activity was localized in microsomes, and was much greater than lysophospholipase activity in either cytosolic or microsomal fractions. The cytosolic lysophospholipase was more sensitive to inhibition by palmitylcarnitine in comparison to free fatty acids. In contrast, free fatty acids (oleate and palmitate) produced a greater inhibition of the microsomal acyltransferase and lysophospholipase than did palmitylcarnitine. A reduction in the assay pH to 6.5 resulted in an increase in microsomal acyltransferase and cytosolic lysophospholipase activities, but brought about a marked reduction in the microsomal lysophospholipase activity. At pH 6.5, the percentage inhibition of the microsomal acyltransferase by palmitylcarnitine was reduced, whereas the inhibition by palmitic acid was enhanced. The inhibition of the microsomal lysophospholipase by both palmitylcarnitine and palmitic acid was reduced at pH 6.5. With respect to myocardial ischemia, the inhibition of microsomal acyltransferase by free fatty acids and the reduction in microsomal lysophospholipase activity due to acidosis may contribute to the elevation of cellular lysophosphoglycerides which are arrhythmogenic.

scholarly journals Preparative synthesis of globin in a continuous cell-free translation system from rabbit reticulocytes

1989 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 4412-4412 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.A. Ryabova ◽  
S.A. Ortlepp ◽  
V.I. Baranovp
Keyword(s):  
Translation System ◽  
Preparative Synthesis ◽  
Free Translation ◽  
Rabbit Reticulocytes
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