The transient response to pH and temperature shock loading of fermentation systems

1975 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 1051-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Gaudy
Keyword(s):  
Transient Response ◽  
Shock Loading ◽  
Temperature Shock

Fractography, Fracture Toughness and Structural Turbulence Under Low-Temperature Shock Loading of a Nonequilibrium Titanium Alloy Ti–6Al–4V

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 633-642
Author(s):  
I. V. Vlasov ◽  
V. Ye. Yegorushkin ◽  
V. Ye. Panin ◽  
A. V. Panin ◽  
O. B. Perevalova
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Shock Loading ◽  
Temperature Shock ◽  
Structural Turbulence

Transient response of structures with uncertain properties to nonlinear shock loading

2013 ◽  
Vol 332 (22) ◽  
pp. 5821-5836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Caresta ◽  
Robin S. Langley ◽  
Jim Woodhouse
Keyword(s):  
Transient Response ◽  
Shock Loading ◽  
Nonlinear Shock

Analytical Determination of Shock Response Spectra for an Impulse-Loaded Proportionally Damped System

Volume 1 ◽  
2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. David Hampton ◽  
Nathan S. Wiedenman ◽  
Ting H. Li
Keyword(s):  
Transient Response ◽  
Shock Loading ◽  
Response Spectrum ◽  
Response Spectra ◽  
Analytical Determination ◽  
System Response ◽  
Mechanical Shock ◽  
Shock Response ◽  
Mass Spring ◽  
The Impact

Many military systems must be capable of sustained operation in the face of mechanical shocks due to projectile or other impacts. The most widely used method of quantifying a system’s vibratory transient response to shock loading is called the shock response spectrum (SRS). The system response for which the SRS is to be determined can be due, physically, either to a collocated or to a noncollocated shock loading. Taking into account both possibilities, one can define the SRS as follows: the SRS presents graphically the maximum transient response (output) of an imaginary ideal mass-spring-damper system at one point on a flexible structure, to a particular mechanical shock (input) applied to an arbitrary (perhaps noncollocated) point on the structure, as a function of the natural frequency of the imaginary mass-spring-damper system. For a response point sufficiently distant from the impact area, many Army platforms (such as vehicles) can be accurately treated as linear systems with proportional damping. In such cases the output due to an impulsive mechanical-shock input can be decomposed into exponentially decaying sinusoidal components, using normal-mode orthogonalization. Given a shock-induced loading comprising such components, this paper provides analytical expressions for the various common SRS forms. The analytical approach to SRS-determination can serve as a verification of, or an alternative to, the numerical approaches in current use for such systems. No numerical convolution is required, because the convolution integrals have already been accomplished analytically (and exactly), with the results incorporated into the algebraic expressions for the respective SRS forms.

Transient Response of Submerged Plates Subject to Underwater Shock Loading: An Analytical Perspective

2008 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhanke Liu ◽  
Yin L. Young
Keyword(s):  
Structural Dynamics ◽  
Transient Response ◽  
Shock Loading ◽  
Structural Response ◽  
Small Range ◽  
Pressure Loading ◽  
Structure Interaction ◽  
Shock Response ◽  
Analytical Perspective ◽  
Underwater Shock

In this paper, Taylor’s floating air-backed plate (ABP) model is extended to the case of a submerged water-backed plate (WBP) within the acoustic range. The solution of the WBP is cast into the same format as that of the ABP with a modified fluid-structure interaction (FSI) parameter, which allows a unified analysis of the ABP and WBP using the same set of formulas. The influence of back conditions on fluid and structural dynamics, including fluid cavitation, is systematically investigated. Asymptotic limits are mathematically identified and physically interpolated. Results show that the WBP experiences lower equivalent pressure loading, reduced structural response, and hence lower peak momentum gaining. The time to reach peak momentum is shorter for the WBP than for the ABP. Cavitation is found to be almost inevitable for the ABP, while relevant to the WBP only for a small range of the FSI parameter. Implications to shock response of submerged structures are briefly discussed.

Transient Response of Control Stage Blade Disk due to Partial Admission by a Reduced Method

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuanen Kan ◽  
Zili Xu ◽  
Yu Zhao ◽  
Baitong Dou ◽  
Wenbin Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Transient Response ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Shock Loading ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Complex Load ◽  
Displacement Response ◽  
Control Stage ◽  
Partial Admission ◽  
Beat Phenomenon

Partial admission can improve the thermal efficiency of steam turbines at low loads, but a non-uniform flow in circumference will be caused inevitably at the same time. That makes control stage blade subject to complex load, leading to the high cycle fatigue. Therefore, it is important to calculate and accurately analyze transient response of control stage blade disk due to partial admission. However, the large number of degrees of freedom of the practical control stage blade disk will lead to an extremely high computational cost when the finite element method is used. A strategy for reducing the number of degrees of freedom based on the component modal synthesis (CMS) method is presented. CMS method is used to generate a super-element of one group of 4 blades. The cyclic symmetric property is used to generate super-elements for other groups of blades through circumferential rotation and coordinate transformation. The total number of degrees of freedom is reduced to 1.21% of the original DOF. When the rotating blades enter and leave the arc of admission under partial admission conditions, they are subject to the effect of shock loading. The length of the effect of shock loading depends on the rotating blade pitch and the peak of effect of shock loading depends on stage pressure ratio. The displacement response of control stage blade disk under different shock coefficients (1.6, 2.5, 4) is calculated. This paper analyses the vibrations of blade disk under high frequency force caused by nozzles under partial admission conditions. The results show that compared to the shock coefficient of 1.6 the maximum displacement response increased by 27.3% and 72.6% for shock coefficients 2.5 and 4. In addition, a beat phenomenon is found in displacement response of blade disk under high frequency force. The FFT of the response and excitation and the ZZENF of blade disk indicate that the composite vibration of 6050Hz, 6000Hz and 4900Hz these 3 kinds of harmonic vibrations is the main reason of the beat phenomenon.

Transient response of a submerged cylindrical foam core sandwich panel subjected to shock loading

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 2611-2620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babak Panahi ◽  
Esmaeal Ghavanloo ◽  
Farhang Daneshmand
Keyword(s):  
Transient Response ◽  
Shock Loading ◽  
Sandwich Panel ◽  
Foam Core

Electron Microscope Observations of Mechanical Metamorphism in Iron Meteorites

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 488-489
Author(s):  
D. Faulkner ◽  
G.W. Lorimer ◽  
H.J. Axon
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Defect Structure ◽  
Shock Loading ◽  
List Type ◽  
Iron Meteorites

It is now generally accepted that meteorites are fragments produced by the collision of parent bodies of asteroidal dimensions. Optical metallographic evidence suggests that there exists a group of iron meteorites which exhibit structures similar to those observed in explosively shock loaded iron. It seems likely that shock loading of meteorites could be produced by preterrestrial impact of their parent bodies as mentioned above.We have therefore looked at the defect structure of one of these meteorites (Trenton) and compared the results with those made on a) an unshocked ‘standard’ meteorite (Canyon Diablo)b) an artificially shocked ‘standard’ meteorite (Canyon Diablo) andc) an artificially shocked specimen of pure α-iron.

Electron Microscopy of Shock Loaded Polycrystalline Beryllium

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 506-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Galbraith ◽  
L. E. Murr ◽  
A. L. Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Wave Propagation ◽  
Structural Change ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Diffraction Pattern ◽  
Shock Loading ◽  
Slip Systems ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

Uniaxial compression tests and hydrostatic tests at pressures up to 27 kbars have been performed to determine operating slip systems in single crystal and polycrystal1ine beryllium. A recent study has been made of wave propagation in single crystal beryllium by shock loading to selectively activate various slip systems, and this has been followed by a study of wave propagation and spallation in textured, polycrystal1ine beryllium. An alteration in the X-ray diffraction pattern has been noted after shock loading, but this alteration has not yet been correlated with any structural change occurring during shock loading of polycrystal1ine beryllium.This study is being conducted in an effort to characterize the effects of shock loading on textured, polycrystal1ine beryllium. Samples were fabricated from a billet of Kawecki-Berylco hot pressed HP-10 beryllium.

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