HIV-1 p55-gag protein induces senescence of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and reduces their capacity to support expansion of hematopoietic stem cells in vitro

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 969-981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-hong Yuan ◽  
Shan-shan Zhao ◽  
Xiao-li Wang ◽  
Zhi-ping Teng ◽  
Dong-sheng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
Human Bone ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Gag Protein ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Hiv 1

Inner ear progenitor cells can be generated in vitro from human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 757-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah L Boddy ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Ricardo Romero-Guevara ◽  
Lucksy Kottam ◽  
Illaria Bellantuono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Human Bone ◽  
Human Bone Marrow ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Inhibition of PDGFRβ by Imatinib Mesylate Suppresses Proliferation and Alters Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells In Vitro.

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 2563-2563
Author(s):  
Fernando Fierro ◽  
Thomas Illmer ◽  
Duhoui Jing ◽  
Philip Le Coutre ◽  
Gerhard Ehninger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Tyrosine Kinase ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
Imatinib Mesylate ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem

Abstract Recent data show that the tyrosine kinase inhibitor Imatinib mesylate (IM) also affects normal hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), T lymphocyte activation and dendritic cell function not relying on the specific inhibition of bcr-abl activity. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been identified in the bone marrow (BM) as multipotent non-hematopoietic progenitor cells that differentiate into osteoblasts, adipocytes, chondrocytes, tenocytes, skeletal myocytes, and cells of visceral mesoderm. MSC interact with HSC, influencing their homing and differentiation through cell-cell contact and the production of factors including chemokines We evaluated possible effects of IM in vitro on human bone marrow-derived MSC. Screening the activity of fourty-two receptor tyrosine kinases by a phospho-receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK)-array revealed an exclusive inhibition of platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFRβ) by IM which consequently affects downstream targets of PDGFRβ as Akt and Erk1/2 signalling pathways in a concentration and time dependent manner. Furthermore, perinuclear multivesicular bodies harbouring PDGFRβ were found within 18–20 hours culture of MSC in the presence of 5 μM IM. Cell proliferation and clonogenicity (evaluated as the capability to form colony forming units - fibroblasts (CFU-F)) of MSC were significantly inhibited by IM in a concentration dependent fashion. IM inhibits significantly the differentiation process of MSC into osteoblasts as evaluated by decreased alkaline phosphatase activity and reduced calcium phosphate precipitates. In contrary, differentiation of MSC into adipocytes was strongly favoured in presence of IM. All these functional deficits described, probably contribute to an observed 50% reduction in the support of clonogenic hematopoietic stem cells, as evaluated by a long term culture-initiating cells (LTC-IC)-based assay. In summary our experiments show that IM inhibits the capacity of human MSC to proliferate and to differentiate into the osteogenic lineage, favouring adipogenesis. This effect is mainly mediated by an inhibition of PDGFRβ autophosphorylation leading to a more pronounced inhibition of PI3K/Akt compared to Erk1/2 signalling. This work confirms the role of PDGFRβ recently described for the proliferation and differentiation potential of MSC and provides a first possible explanation for the altered bone metabolism found in certain patients treated with IM.

Neural Cell Differentiation In Vitro from Adult Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxiao Long ◽  
Marie Olszewski ◽  
Wei Huang ◽  
Morris Kletzel
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Neural Cell ◽  
Human Bone ◽  
Human Bone Marrow ◽  
Adult Human ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Ultrastructural analysis of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells during in vitro osteogenesis and chondrogenesis

2011 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 596-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriella Teti ◽  
Carola Cavallo ◽  
Brunella Grigolo ◽  
Sandro Giannini ◽  
Andrea Facchini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Ultrastructural Analysis ◽  
Human Bone ◽  
Human Bone Marrow ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells

scholarly journals An in vitro Evaluation of the Cytotoxicity of Varying Concentrations of Sodium Hypochlorite on Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeeshan H Ahmad ◽  
Sarah M Alkahtany ◽  
Sukumaran Anil
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Human Bone ◽  
Human Bone Marrow ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells

ABSTRACT Aim To evaluate and compare the cytotoxicity of various concentrations of sodium hypochlorite on immortalized human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Materials and methods The 5.25 percent sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) at concentrations of 0.5, 0.1, 0.025, 0.0125, and 0.005 mg/ml were used to assess the cytotoxic effect on MSCs. Immortalized human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hTERT-MSCs) were exposed to NaOCl at 5 different concentrations. Cell viability was assessed by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol- 2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and alamarBlue assays. The cell morphology changes were assessed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) after exposure to 2, 4, and 24 hour incubation. The ethidium bromide/acridine orange (EB/ AO) fluorescent stain was applied to the cells in the 8-chamber slides after they were incubated with the testing agents for 2 and 4 hours to detect live and dead cells. The observations were quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed. Results The cell viability study using MTT assay and AB assay showed significant reduction with varying concentration at 2 and 4 hours incubation period. The cell viability decreased with the higher percentage of NaOCl. The exposure time also revealed an inverse relation to the cell viability. The SEM analysis showed reduction in the number of cells and morphological alterations with 0.5 mg/ml at 2 and 4 hours compared to 0.025 mg/ml NaOCl. Destruction of the cells with structural alterations and lysis was evident under fluorescence microscope when the cells were exposed to 0.5 mg/ml NaOCl. Conclusion Within the limitations of this in vitro study it can be concluded that NaOCl is toxic to the human bone marrow MSCs. The cell lysis was evident with higher concentration of sodium hypochlorite. From the observations, it can be concluded that a lower concentration of NaOCl may be used as endodontic irrigant due to its cytotoxic properties. Further studies are man datory to evolve a consensus on the optimal concentration of sodium hypochlorite to be used as endodontic irrigant. How to cite this article Alkahtani A, Alkahtany SM, Anil S. An in vitro Evaluation of the Cytotoxicity of Varying Concentrations of Sodium Hypochlorite on Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(4):473-481.

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