ChemInform Abstract: Oxidative Mechanisms Involved in Lignin Degradation by White-Rot Fungi

With global attention and research now focused on looking for the abatement of pollution, white-rot fungi is one of the hopes of the future. The lignin-degrading ability of these fungi have been the focus of attention for many years and have been exploited for a wide array of human benefits. This review highlights the various enzymes produced by white-rot fungi for lignin degradation, namely laccases, peroxidases, aryl alcohol oxidase, glyoxal oxidase, and pyranose oxidase. Also discussed are the various radicals and low molecular weight compounds that are being produced by white-rot fungi and its role in lignin degradation. A brief summary on the developments in research of decolorization of dyes using white-rot fungi has been made.Key words: lignin degradation, white-rot fungi, laccase, peroxidase, radicals, dye decolorization.

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Biological pretreatment of wheat straw: Effect of fungal culturing on enzymatic hydrolysis of carbohydrate polymers

10.21203/rs.3.rs-227697/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Aleksandar Knežević ◽

Ivana Đokić ◽

Tomislav Tosti ◽

Slađana Popović ◽

Dušanka Milojković-Opsenica ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽

Wheat Straw ◽

Lignin Degradation ◽

Enzymatic Saccharification ◽

White Rot Fungi ◽

Fungal Species ◽

White Rot ◽

Irpex Lacteus ◽

Fungal Pretreatment ◽

Hydrolysis Of

Abstract The aim of the study was comparative analysis of degradation of wheat straw lignin by white-rot fungi and its implications on the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of holocellulose. Cyclocybe cylindracea, Ganoderma resinaceum, Irpex lacteus, Pleurotus ostreatus and Trametes versicolor were the species studied. Peroxidases were predominantly responsible for lignin degradation even though high laccase activities were detected, except in the case of Irpex lacteus where laccase activity was not detected. Studied fungal species showed various ability to degrade lignin in wheat straw which further affected release of reducing sugars during enzymatic saccharification. The highest rate of lignin degradation was noticed in sample pretreated with Irpex lacteus (50.9 ± 4.1%). Among all tested species only Ganoderma resinaceum was suitable lignin degrader with the 2-fold higher hydrolysis yield (51.1 ± 4.7%) than in the control, and could have significant biotechnological application due to lower cellulose loss. A key mechanism of carbohydrate component convertibility enhancement was lignin removal in the biomass. Long time consumption, the low sugar yields and unpredictable fungal response still remain the challenge of the fungal pretreatment process.

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Étude comparée de la dégradation de lignocelluloses par différentes souches de Fomes annosus

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/m83-258 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 29 (12) ◽

pp. 1683-1688 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

J. J. Bono ◽

G. Gas ◽

A. M. Boudet ◽

J. Fayret ◽

C. Delatour

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Content ◽

Lignin Degradation ◽

White Rot Fungi ◽

White Rot ◽

Wood Degradation ◽

Specific Behaviour ◽

Sporotrichum Pulverulentum ◽

Coniferous Wood ◽

Different Strains ◽

Low Nitrogen

The ligninolytic activity of Fames annosus has been estimated by radiorespirometric methods using lignocelluloses of Norway spruce and poplar, as substrates, labelled on the lignin moiety. Although F. annosus is mainly a parasite of coniferous wood, poplar lignins were more extensively degraded. 14C-labelled poplar lignocelluloses, labelled either on the lignins moiety or on the overall polymers, were used to compare wood degradation or only specific lignin degradation by the different strains. Moreover, using the best strain, we studied the effect of culture parameters which are known to influence lignin degradation by Sporotrichum pulverulentum. The rate of lignonolysis was enhanced in media with low nitrogen content but was not stimulated by increasing the O2 concentration of the atmosphere. Such data point out the specific behaviour of F. annosus, which differs in some respect from other white-rot fungi.

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Solid-state fermentation, lignin degradation and resulting digestibility of wheat straw fermented by selected white-rot fungi

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ◽

10.1007/bf00249988 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 21 (6) ◽

Cited By ~ 57

Author(s):

Eduardo Agosin ◽

Etienne Odier

Keyword(s):

Solid State ◽

Wheat Straw ◽

Solid State Fermentation ◽

Lignin Degradation ◽

White Rot Fungi ◽

White Rot

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PENGARUH PERLAKUAN PENDAHULUAN DENGAN KULTUR CAMPURAN JAMUR PELAPUK PUTIH Phanerochaete crysosporium, Pleurotus ostreatus DAN Trametes versicolor TERHADAP KADAR LIGNIN DAN SELULOSA BAGAS

JURNAL SELULOSA ◽

10.25269/jsel.v1i02.23 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (02) ◽

Author(s):

Sita Heris Anita ◽

Euis Hermiati ◽

Raden Permana Budi Laksana

Keyword(s):

Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽

Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽

Trametes Versicolor ◽

Lignin Degradation ◽

White Rot Fungi ◽

White Rot ◽

Cellulose Content ◽

Biological Pretreatment ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Before And After

Conversion of lignocellulosic biomass requires pretreatment in order to separate lignin from cellulose. Several methods have been introduced for pretreatment process of lignocellulosic biomass. These are physical, physico-chemical, chemical, as well as biological pretreatment. The following investigation aimed at a biological pretreatment of bagasse using mix-culture of white-rot fungi with the objective to investigate pretreatment effect on the lignin degradation of bagasse with minimum loss of cellulose content. The white-rot fungi involved Phanerochaete crysosporium (Pc), Pleurotus ostreatus (Po), and Trametes versicolor (Tv) on degrading lignin of bagasse with minimal losses of cellulose content 5% (w/v). The culture variation are as follows Po dan Tv (1:1), Po dan Pc (1:1), Pc dan Tv (1:1) and Po, Pc dan Tv (1:1:1) they were inoculated into steamed bagasse and incubated for 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks respectively. Chemical analysis was done to determine the weight loss, lignin, and alphacellulose content before and after pretreatment. Optimum lignin degradation was achieved after two weeks incubation for each mix-culture. The most effective lignin degradation of mix-culture Po, Pc and Tv (25,26±1,57%) with minimum cellulose loss (17,27±3,76%).Key words : pretreatment, white-rot fungi, mix-culture, baggaseINTISARIKonversi biomassa lignoselulosa membutuhkan proses perlakuan pendahuluan yang bertujuan untuk memisahkan lignin dari selulosa. Beberapa metode telah banyak diketahui untuk proses perlakuan pendahuluan biomassa lignoselulosa, diantaranya perlakuan pendahuluan secara fisika, fisika-kimia, kimia dan biologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan kultur campur jamur pelapuk putih Phanerochaete crysosporium (Pc), Pleurotus ostreatus (Po), dan Trametes versicolor (Tv) terhadap penurunan kadar lignin bagas dengan kehilangan minimal α-selulosa. Inokulum yang digunakan sebesar 5% (w/v) dengan variasi kultur Po dan Tv (1:1), Po dan Pc (1:1), Pc dan Tv (1:1) dan Po, Pc dan Tv (1:1:1). Kultur campur jamur diinokulasikan ke dalam bagas dan diinkubasi masing-masing selama 1, 2, 3, dan 4 minggu. Analisa kimia dilakukan untuk mengetahui kehilangan berat, kadar lignin serta selulosa bagas sebelum dan setelah perlakuan pendahuluan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penurunan optimal kadar lignin bagas dengan kehilangan minimal α-selulosa terjadi pada waktu inkubasi dua minggu untuk setiap variasi kultur campur. Dari empat variasi kultur campur pada waktu inkubasi dua minggu menunjukkan bahwa kehilangan rata-rata lignin bagas tertinggi (325,26±1,57%) dengan kehilangan minimal α-selulosa (17,27±3,76%) terjadi pada kultur campur Pc dan Tv.Kata kunci : perlakuan pendahuluan, jamur pelapuk putih, kultur campur, bagas

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PENGARUH RADIASI SINAR GAMMA TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN DEGRADASI LIGNIN PHANEROCHAETE CHRYSOSPORIUM DAN GANODERMA LUCIDUM

Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Nuklir Indonesia ◽

10.17146/jstni.2016.17.1.2400 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 21

Author(s):

Tri Retno D.L. ◽

Nana Mulyana ◽

Nurhasni Nurhasni ◽

Uswatun Hasanah

Keyword(s):

Water Content ◽

Phanerochaete Chrysosporium ◽

Gamma Rays ◽

Ganoderma Lucidum ◽

Lignin Degradation ◽

Gamma Ray ◽

White Rot Fungi ◽

White Rot ◽

Gmelina Arborea ◽

Mineral Salts

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan aktivitas enzim ektraseluler fungi lignoselulotik yakni Phanerochaete chrysosporium dan Ganoderma lucidum dalam mendegradasi limbah lignoselulosa. Lignoselulosa sulit didegradasi karena terdiri dari lignin, selulosa dan hemiselulosa. Phanerochaete chrysosporium dan Ganoderma lucidum dari kelompok White Rot Fungi dapat mendegradasi lignin karena mampu mensintesa enzim lignin peroksidase (LiP). Iradisi sinar gamma dosis rendah mampu menstimulasi peningkatan aktivitas enzim ekstraselular. Fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium dan Ganoderma lucidum dalam medium slent dipapar dengan iradiasi gamma pada dosis 0 (kontrol), 200, 400, 600, 800 dan 1000 Gy. Di dalam medium cair mengandung Potatoes Dextrose Broth (PDB), garam mineral dengan substrat Lignin Alkali 0 dan 5%b/v, fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium yang dipapar sinar gamma dosis 600 Gy memiliki aktivitas LiP (30U/mL) sebesar 2,5 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kontrol (12 U/mL). Sedangkan Ganoderma lucidum yang dipapari radiasi gamma dengan dosis 800 Gy memiliki aktivitas LiP (34U/mL) sebesar 1,7 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan kontrol (20 U/mL). Fermentasi padat substrat serbuk kayu jati putih (Gmelina arborea Roxb.) selama 12 hari dengan pH 6,4; dan kadar air 79% oleh fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium yang diradiasi sinar gamma dosis 600 Gy memiliki efisiensi degradasi lignin sebesar 42%, sedangkan pada fungi Ganoderma lucidum yang diradiasi sinar gamma dosis 800 Gy memiliki efisiensi degradasi lignin sebesar 21% dengan kondisi optimal pH 7,6 dan kadar air 71,3%. INFLUENCE OF GAMMA RAYS RADIATION ON LIGNIN DEGRADATION POTENCY OF PHANEROCHAETE CHRYSOSPORIUM AND GANODERMA LUCIDUM. This research aims to increase the activity of extracellular enzymes lignolitik fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Ganoderma lucidum to degrade lignocellulosic waste. Lignocellulosic difficult to degrade because it is composed of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose. Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Ganoderma lucidum group White rot fungi can degrade lignin because it is able to synthesize enzymes lignin peroxidase (LiP). Iradisi low dose gamma rays capable menstimulsi increase extracellular enzyme activity. Fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Ganoderma lucidum in medium slent exposed to gamma irradiation at doses of 0 (control), 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 Gy. In a liquid medium containing Potatoes Dextrose Broth (PDB), mineral salts with the substrate Lignin Alkali 0 and 5% w / v, fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium were exposed to a dose of 600 Gy of gamma rays have LiP activity (30U / mL) by 2.5 times higher compared with controls (12 U / mL). While Ganoderma lucidum that are exposed to gamma radiation at a dose of 800 Gy has LiP activity (34U / mL) was 1.7 times higher than the control (20 U / mL). On a solid substrate fermentation of white teak powder (Gmelina arborea Roxb.) For 12 days at pH 6.4 and water content of 79% by fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium were exposed to gamma ray dose of 600 Gy has an efficiency of lignin degradation by 42%, whereas on fungi Ganoderma lucidum that are exposed gamma ray dose of 800 Gy has an efficiency of lignin degradation by 21% with optimal conditions of pH 7. And ; water content of 71.3%.

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