scholarly journals PENGARUH RADIASI SINAR GAMMA TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN DEGRADASI LIGNIN PHANEROCHAETE CHRYSOSPORIUM DAN GANODERMA LUCIDUM

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Tri Retno D.L. ◽  
Nana Mulyana ◽  
Nurhasni Nurhasni ◽  
Uswatun Hasanah
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Phanerochaete Chrysosporium ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Ganoderma Lucidum ◽  
Lignin Degradation ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Gmelina Arborea ◽  
Mineral Salts

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan aktivitas enzim ektraseluler fungi lignoselulotik yakni Phanerochaete chrysosporium dan Ganoderma lucidum dalam mendegradasi limbah lignoselulosa.  Lignoselulosa sulit didegradasi karena terdiri dari lignin, selulosa dan hemiselulosa. Phanerochaete chrysosporium dan Ganoderma lucidum dari kelompok White Rot Fungi dapat mendegradasi lignin karena mampu mensintesa  enzim  lignin peroksidase (LiP). Iradisi sinar gamma dosis rendah mampu menstimulasi peningkatan aktivitas enzim ekstraselular. Fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium dan Ganoderma lucidum dalam medium slent dipapar dengan iradiasi gamma pada dosis 0 (kontrol), 200, 400, 600, 800 dan 1000 Gy. Di dalam medium cair mengandung Potatoes Dextrose Broth (PDB), garam mineral dengan substrat Lignin Alkali 0 dan 5%b/v, fungi  Phanerochaete  chrysosporium yang dipapar sinar gamma dosis 600 Gy memiliki aktivitas LiP  (30U/mL) sebesar 2,5 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kontrol (12 U/mL). Sedangkan Ganoderma lucidum  yang dipapari radiasi gamma dengan dosis 800 Gy memiliki aktivitas LiP (34U/mL) sebesar 1,7 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan  kontrol (20 U/mL). Fermentasi padat substrat serbuk kayu jati putih (Gmelina arborea Roxb.) selama 12 hari dengan pH 6,4; dan kadar air 79%  oleh fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium  yang diradiasi sinar gamma dosis 600 Gy memiliki efisiensi degradasi lignin sebesar 42%, sedangkan  pada fungi Ganoderma lucidum yang diradiasi sinar gamma dosis 800 Gy  memiliki efisiensi degradasi lignin sebesar 21% dengan kondisi optimal pH 7,6 dan kadar air 71,3%. INFLUENCE OF GAMMA RAYS RADIATION ON LIGNIN DEGRADATION POTENCY OF PHANEROCHAETE CHRYSOSPORIUM AND GANODERMA LUCIDUM. This research aims to increase the activity of extracellular enzymes lignolitik fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Ganoderma lucidum to degrade lignocellulosic waste. Lignocellulosic difficult to degrade because it is composed of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose. Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Ganoderma lucidum group White rot fungi can degrade lignin because it is able to synthesize enzymes lignin peroxidase (LiP). Iradisi low dose gamma rays capable menstimulsi increase extracellular enzyme activity. Fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Ganoderma lucidum in medium slent exposed to gamma irradiation at doses of 0 (control), 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 Gy. In a liquid medium containing Potatoes Dextrose Broth (PDB), mineral salts with the substrate Lignin Alkali 0 and 5% w / v, fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium were exposed to a dose of 600 Gy of gamma rays have LiP activity (30U / mL) by 2.5 times higher compared with controls (12 U / mL). While Ganoderma lucidum that are exposed to gamma radiation at a dose of 800 Gy has LiP activity (34U / mL) was 1.7 times higher than the control (20 U / mL). On a solid substrate fermentation of  white teak powder  (Gmelina arborea Roxb.) For 12 days at pH 6.4 and  water content of 79% by fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium were exposed to gamma ray dose of 600 Gy has an efficiency of lignin degradation by 42%, whereas on fungi Ganoderma lucidum that are exposed gamma ray dose of 800 Gy has an efficiency of lignin degradation by 21% with optimal conditions of pH 7. And ; water content of 71.3%.

Effect of an atmosphere of oxygen on growth, respiration, and lignin degradation by white-rot fungi

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian D. Reid ◽  
Keith A. Seifert
Keyword(s):  
Phanerochaete Chrysosporium ◽  
Lignin Degradation ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Shake Culture ◽  
Lentinus Edodes ◽  
Pycnoporus Cinnabarinus ◽  
Carbohydrate Consumption ◽  
Growth Respiration ◽  
Polyporus Brumalis

Lignin degradation by the white-rot fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Coriolus versicolor, Pycnoporus cinnabarinus, Lentinus edodes, Grifola frondosa, Polyporus brumalis, and Merulius tremellosus was faster in an atmosphere of oxygen than in air. Gloeoporus dichrous, Pleurotus ostreatus, and Bondarzewia berkeleyi degraded lignin at equal rates in oxygen and in air. Increased oxygen partial pressure also stimulated carbohydrate consumption by most of the fungi. In liquid shake culture, the fungi grew as well under an atmosphere of oxygen as air. However, respiration was faster under oxygen, suggesting that the fungi required more energy for growth and maintenance in oxygen. On delignified wood, most of the fungi grew equally rapidly in air and oxygen. Apparently, the growth of these fungi in wood in air is limited by the rate of lignin degradation.

In vitro decay studies of selective delignification and simultaneous decay by the white rot fungi Ganoderma lucidum and G. tsugae

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (8) ◽  
pp. 1611-1619 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Adaskaveg ◽  
Robert L. Gilbertson
Keyword(s):  
Ganoderma Lucidum ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Wood Decay ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Prosopis Velutina ◽  
Agar Block ◽  
Selective Delignification ◽  
Simultaneous Decay

The in vitro wood decay abilities of Ganoderma lucidum (W. Curt.: Fr.) Karst. and G. tsugae Murr. were studied using the following woods in agar block decay chambers: Vitis vinifera L., Quercus hypoleucoides A. Camus, Prosopis velutina Woot., Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex. Hildebr., and Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco. Grape wood lost the most weight while mesquite the least. Ganoderma lucidum isolates generally caused greater weight loss of all woods than did G. tsugae isolates. The range of the percent weight losses varied with the wood. Both Ganoderma species caused simultaneous decay in all woods. However, chemical analyses of the decayed blocks indicated that selective delignification by both species also occurred in grape and white fir blocks. Chemical analysis of the decayed oak blocks indicated the percentages of lignin and holocellulose were not statistically different from the controls. However, there was a trend towards delignification. The analyses of the Douglas-fir blocks indicated only simultaneous decay. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated selective delignification and simultaneous decay of all woods tested. However, the extent of the delignification differed among the wood species. Delignification appeared mainly in areas of tracheids or fiber tracheids, while the rays were simultaneously decayed.

Oxidative Mechanisms Involved in Lignin Degradation by White-Rot Fungi

2001 ◽  
Vol 101 (11) ◽  
pp. 3397-3414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rimko ten Have ◽  
Pauline J. M. Teunissen
Keyword(s):  
Lignin Degradation ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
White Rot

Establishing molecular genetics for Phanerochaete chrysosporium

1987 ◽  
Vol 321 (1561) ◽  
pp. 475-483 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Phanerochaete Chrysosporium ◽  
Complex Function ◽  
Strain Improvement ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Site Directed Mutagenesis ◽  
White Rot ◽  
General Strategy ◽  
Lignin Biodegradation ◽  
Control Of Expression

Genetics provides an approach to the analysis of the complex function of lignin biodegradation, through the isolation of mutants and the creation of gene libraries for the identification of genes and their products. However, white-rot fungi (for example, Phanerochaete chrysosporium ) have not so far been analysed from this point of view, and there is the challenge of establishing such genetics. P. chrysosporium is convenient experimentally because relatively few genes are switched on at the onset of ligninolytic activity. We describe the isolation of clones carrying genes expressed specifically in the ligninolytic phase, the development of a general strategy for mapping such clones, and the elucidation of the mating system of this organism. Another objective is the development of methods for transforming DNA into P. chrysosporium . This would allow the use of site-directed mutagenesis to analyse the functioning of ligninases, and the control of expression of the corresponding genes. The use of genetic crosses for strain improvement and the identification of components of the system are also discussed.

scholarly journals Functional Expression and One-Step Protein Purification of Manganese Peroxidase 1 (rMnP1) from Phanerochaete chrysosporium Using the E. coli-Expression System

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 416
Author(s):  
Angel De La Cruz Pech-Canul ◽  
Javier Carrillo-Campos ◽  
María de Lourdes Ballinas-Casarrubias ◽  
Rosa Lidia Solis-Oviedo ◽  
Selena Karina Hernández-Rascón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusion Protein ◽  
Protein Purification ◽  
Phanerochaete Chrysosporium ◽  
Manganese Peroxidase ◽  
Expression System ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Functional Expression ◽  
White Rot ◽  
E Coli ◽  
One Step

Manganese peroxidases (MnP) from the white-rot fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium catalyse the oxidation of Mn2+ to Mn3+, a strong oxidizer able to oxidize a wide variety of organic compounds. Different approaches have been used to unravel the enzymatic properties and potential applications of MnP. However, these efforts have been hampered by the limited production of native MnP by fungi. Heterologous expression of MnP has been achieved in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic expression systems, although with limited production and many disadvantages in the process. Here we described a novel molecular approach for the expression and purification of manganese peroxidase isoform 1 (MnP1) from P. chrysosporium using an E. coli-expression system. The proposed strategy involved the codon optimization and chemical synthesis of the MnP1 gene for optimised expression in the E. coli T7 shuffle host. Recombinant MnP1 (rMnP1) was expressed as a fusion protein, which was recovered from solubilised inclusion bodies. rMnP1 was purified from the fusion protein using intein-based protein purification techniques and a one-step affinity chromatography. The designated strategy allowed production of an active enzyme able to oxidize guaiacol or Mn2+.

Lignin degrading system of white-rot fungi and its exploitation for dye decolorization

2002 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 857-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishal Shah ◽  
Frantisek Nerud
Keyword(s):  
Lignin Degradation ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Alcohol Oxidase ◽  
Dye Decolorization ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Compounds ◽  
Pyranose Oxidase ◽  
Degrading System ◽  
Glyoxal Oxidase

With global attention and research now focused on looking for the abatement of pollution, white-rot fungi is one of the hopes of the future. The lignin-degrading ability of these fungi have been the focus of attention for many years and have been exploited for a wide array of human benefits. This review highlights the various enzymes produced by white-rot fungi for lignin degradation, namely laccases, peroxidases, aryl alcohol oxidase, glyoxal oxidase, and pyranose oxidase. Also discussed are the various radicals and low molecular weight compounds that are being produced by white-rot fungi and its role in lignin degradation. A brief summary on the developments in research of decolorization of dyes using white-rot fungi has been made.Key words: lignin degradation, white-rot fungi, laccase, peroxidase, radicals, dye decolorization.

scholarly journals Potensi fungi pelapuk putih asal lingkungan tropik untuk bioremediasi herbisida The potential white-rot fungi native of tropical environment for herbicides bioremediation

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laksmita Prima SANTI ◽  
Lisdar Idwan SUDIRMAN ◽  
Didiek Hadjar GOENADI
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiment ◽  
Phanerochaete Chrysosporium ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Tropical Environment ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Malt Extract ◽  
Ceriporiopsis Subvermispora ◽  
Pleurocybella Porrigens

SummaryFungal treatment by using white-rot fungito reduce a wide variety of herbicide com-pounds is a specialized bioremediation pro-cess. A laboratory experiment was conductedto determine the ability of Phanerochaetechrysosporium, Ceriporiopsis subvermispora,and Pleurocybella porrigens and seven white-rot fungi isolated from a native of tropicalenvironment to grow on yeast malt extractglucose (YMG) agar containing highconcentration of (I) 2,4-dichlorophenoxy aceticacid, (R) glyphosate, and (G) paraquat. Thedata indicated that P. chrysosporium couldgrow on YMG media containing 5000 ppm of(I) 2,4-D, whereas BPBPI 02/04 isolate onYMG 250 ppm of (R) glyphosate or (G)paraquat. Relative values of growth inhibitionof these fungi are 81.1; 27.8; and 50.0%respectively. Biodegradation capability ofherbicides by candidate inoculants in soil-sandmedia was also determined in greenhouseexperiment by using peanut, sorghum, corn,and Borreria alata as bio-indicators. Peanutand B. alata were found to be the bestresponsive seedlings as bio-indicator on thepresence of (I) 2,4-D herbicide in soil-sandmedia.RingkasanTeknologi bioremediasi dengan fungipelapuk putih (FPP) digunakan untuk me-reduksi sejumlah senyawa herbisida. Kegiatanpenelitian yang dilakukan di laboratoriumbertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan tum-buh Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Ceripo-riopsis subvermispora, dan Pleurocybellaporrigens serta tujuh isolat FPP yang diperolehdari lingkungan tropik secara in vitro padamedium agar yeast malt extract glucose(YMG) yang mengandung (I) 2,4-dikloro-fenoksi asam asetat, (R) glifosat, dan (G)parakuat konsentrasi tinggi. Dari data yangdiperoleh, diketahui bahwa Ph. chrysosporiummemiliki kemampuan tumbuh dalam mediumpadat YMG yang mengandung 5000 ppm (I)2,4-D dan isolat BPBPI 02/04 pada 250 ppm(R) glifosat dan (G) parakuat dengan nilaihambatan pertumbuhan relatif terhadap kontrol(HPR) masing-masing 81,1; 27,8; dan 50,0%.Pengujian isolat terpilih terhadap kemampuanmendegradasi herbisida di dalam mediumtanah dan pasir juga dilakukan di rumah kacadengan menggunakan kacang tanah, sorgum,jagung, dan Boreria alata sebagai bioindikator.Kacang tanah dan B. alata memberikan responterbaik terhadap keberadaan herbisida (I) 2,4-Ddi dalam medium tanah dan pasir .

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