Trauma exposure and posttraumatic reactions in a community sample of Bedouin members of the Israel Defense Forces

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 700-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yael Caspi ◽  
Ortal Saroff ◽  
Najla Suleimani ◽  
Ehud Klein
Keyword(s):  
Community Sample ◽  
Trauma Exposure ◽  
Israel Defense Forces ◽  
Posttraumatic Reactions

Family Functioning, Trauma Exposure and PTSD in a Middle-income Community Sample

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S157-S157
Author(s):  
S. Dorrington ◽  
H. Zavos ◽  
H. Ball ◽  
P. McGuffin ◽  
A. Sumathipala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Family Functioning ◽  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Trauma Exposure ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Cumulative Trauma ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Middle Income

IntroductionOnly a minority of trauma-exposed individuals go on to develop post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Previous studies in high-income countries suggest that maladaptive family functioning adversities (MFFA) in childhood may partially ex-plain individual variation in vulnerability to PTSD following trauma. We test in a lower middle income setting (Sri Lanka) whether: (1) MFFA moderates the association between exposure to trauma and later (a) PTSD (b) other psychiatric diagnoses; (2) any moderation by MFFA is explained by experiences of interpersonal violence, cumulative trauma exposure or other psychopathology.MethodsWe conducted a population study of 3995 twins and 2019 singletons residing in Colombo, Sri Lanka. Participants completed the composite international diagnostic interview, including nine traumatic exposures and a questionnaire on MFFA.ResultsIn total, 23.4% of participants reported exposure to MFFA. We found that (1) MFFA moderates the association between trauma exposure and both (a) PTSD and (b) non-PTSD diagnosis. (2) This was not explained by interpersonal violence, cumulative trauma exposure or other psychopathology.ConclusionsIn our sample MFFA moderates the association between trauma and PTSD, and the association between trauma and non-PTSD psychopathology.

Latent classes of childhood trauma exposure predict the development of behavioral health outcomes in adolescence and young adulthood

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (15) ◽  
pp. 3305-3316 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. D. Ballard ◽  
K. Van Eck ◽  
R. J. Musci ◽  
S. R. Hart ◽  
C. L. Storr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Behavioral Outcomes ◽  
Trauma Exposure ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Latent Classes ◽  
Psychiatric Outcomes ◽  
Adolescence And Young Adulthood

BackgroundTo develop latent classes of exposure to traumatic experiences before the age of 13 years in an urban community sample and to use these latent classes to predict the development of negative behavioral outcomes in adolescence and young adulthood.MethodA total of 1815 participants in an epidemiologically based, randomized field trial as children completed comprehensive psychiatric assessments as young adults. Reported experiences of nine traumatic experiences before age 13 years were used in a latent class analysis to create latent profiles of traumatic experiences. Latent classes were used to predict psychiatric outcomes at age ⩾13 years, criminal convictions, physical health problems and traumatic experiences reported in young adulthood.ResultsThree latent classes of childhood traumatic experiences were supported by the data. One class (8% of sample), primarily female, was characterized by experiences of sexual assault and reported significantly higher rates of a range of psychiatric outcomes by young adulthood. Another class (8%), primarily male, was characterized by experiences of violence exposure and reported higher levels of antisocial personality disorder and post-traumatic stress. The final class (84%) reported low levels of childhood traumatic experiences. Parental psychopathology was related to membership in the sexual assault group.ConclusionsClasses of childhood traumatic experiences predict specific psychiatric and behavioral outcomes in adolescence and young adulthood. The long-term adverse effects of childhood traumas are primarily concentrated in victims of sexual and non-sexual violence. Gender emerged as a key covariate in the classes of trauma exposure and outcomes.

Psychometric Properties of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5-Brief Form in a Community Sample with High Rates of Trauma Exposure

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtland S. Hyatt ◽  
Jessica L. Maples-Keller ◽  
Michael L. Crowe ◽  
Chelsea E. Sleep ◽  
Sierra T. Carter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Trauma Exposure ◽  
Personality Inventory ◽  
Dsm 5

scholarly journals Long-term effects of lifetime trauma exposure in a rural community sample

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tonelle E. Handley ◽  
Brian J. Kelly ◽  
Terry J. Lewin ◽  
Clare Coleman ◽  
Helen J. Stain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Community ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Trauma Exposure ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Lifetime Trauma

scholarly journals Eating for numbing: a community-based study of trauma exposure, emotion dysregulation, dissociation, body dissatisfaction and eating disorder symptoms

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11899
Author(s):  
Lilac Lev-ari ◽  
Ada H. Zohar ◽  
Rachel Bachner-Melman
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Trauma Exposure ◽  
Emotional Dysregulation ◽  
Physical Assault ◽  
Eating Disorders Examination ◽  
The Relationship

Objective The current study tests the relationship between eating disorder (ED) symptoms and trauma exposure. The mechanisms via which trauma is related to ED symptoms have not been sufficiently examined. This study examines the complex role of dissociation and emotional dysregulation in the context of trauma, BMI, ED symptoms and body dissatisfaction (BD). We hypothesized that dissociation and emotional dysregulation would mediate the relationship between trauma exposure and ED symptoms/BD. We further hypothesized that BMI would play a moderating role in this association. Method A community sample of 229 (16.2% male) participants, with a mean age of 29.08 ± 10.68 reported online on traumatic events (Life Events Checklist), dissociation (Dissociative Experiences Scale-II), emotional dysregulation (Difficulties in Emotional Regulation Scale), ED symptoms (Eating Disorders Examination-Questionnaire) and BD (Figure Rating Scale). Results Participants reported experiencing a mean of 2.87 ± 2.27 traumatic events, with a relatively high percentage (~86%) reporting at least one. The most commonly reported traumatic events were transportation accidents and physical assault. Although frequency of traumatic events did not directly predict ED symptoms, BMI, dissociation, emotional dysregulation and BD did. An SEM model showed that traumatic events predicted ED symptoms indirectly through dissociation, emotional dysregulation and BMI. Dissociation and emotional dysregulation predicted ED symptoms directly. BMI also moderated the association between traumatic events and both ED symptoms and BD. Conclusions Therapists treating patients with high BMI or obesity should be aware of these relationships and investigate the possibility that trauma and/or PTSD may underlie the presenting disordered eating or eating disorder.

Stroop Performance, Dissociation, and Trauma Exposure in a Community Sample of Children

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne P. DePrince ◽  
Kristin M. Weinzierl ◽  
Melody D. Combs
Keyword(s):  
Community Sample ◽  
Trauma Exposure

Relations between recurrent trauma exposure and recent life stress and salivary cortisol among children

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 257-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Bevans ◽  
Arleen Cerbone ◽  
Stacy Overstreet
Keyword(s):  
Urban Youth ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Trauma Exposure ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Basal Cortisol ◽  
Previous Trauma ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Exposure To Trauma

AbstractThe present study evaluated the independent and cumulative effects of recent life stress, previous trauma, and recent trauma exposure on salivary cortisol levels among school-aged children. Sixty-eight children (mean age = 10.7 years) reported their exposure to life stressors and traumatic events in the 12 months preceding the study. Children and their caregivers reported frequency of exposure to trauma earlier in life. Exposure to life stress within the past 12 months was related to higher afternoon cortisol levels. Exposure to high levels of recent trauma in combination with frequent exposure to trauma earlier in life was related to both lower morning cortisol levels and higher afternoon cortisol levels. Results suggest that frequency, duration, and severity of exposure to stress and trauma played key roles in the prediction of basal cortisol levels in a community sample of urban youth.

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