Invasion and drought alter phenological sensitivity and synergistically lower ecosystem production

Ecology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 100 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen H. Esch ◽  
David A. Lipson ◽  
Elsa E. Cleland
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Production ◽  
Phenological Sensitivity

scholarly journals Impact of Atmospheric Optical Properties on Net Ecosystem Productivity of Peatland in Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2124
Author(s):  
Kamila M. Harenda ◽  
Mateusz Samson ◽  
Radosław Juszczak ◽  
Krzysztof M. Markowicz ◽  
Iwona S. Stachlewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Diffuse Radiation ◽  
Co2 Uptake ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
Atmospheric Scattering ◽  
Net Productivity ◽  
Diffusion Index ◽  
Ecosystem Production ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Global Carbon

Peatlands play an important role in the global carbon cycle due to the high carbon storage in the substrate. Ecosystem production depends, for example, on the solar energy amount that reaches the vegetation, however the diffuse component of this flux can substantially increase ecosystem net productivity. This phenomenon is observed in different ecosystems, but the study of the atmosphere optical properties on peatland production is lacking. In this paper, the presented methodology allowed us to disentangle the diffuse radiation impact on the net ecosystem production (NEP) of Rzecin peatland, Poland. It allowed us to assess the impact of the atmospheric scattering process determined by the aerosol presence in the air mass. An application of atmospheric radiation transfer (ART) and ecosystem production (EP) models showed that the increase of aerosol optical thickness from 0.09 to 0.17 caused NEP to rise by 3.4–5.7%. An increase of the diffusion index (DI) by 0.1 resulted in an NEP increase of 6.1–42.3%, while a DI decrease of 0.1 determined an NEP reduction of −49.0 to −10.5%. These results show that low peatland vegetation responds to changes in light scattering. This phenomenon should be taken into account when calculating the global CO2 uptake estimation of such ecosystems.

scholarly journals Flowering date of taxonomic families predicts phenological sensitivity to temperature: Implications for forecasting the effects of climate change on unstudied taxa

2013 ◽  
Vol 100 (7) ◽  
pp. 1381-1397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan J. Mazer ◽  
Steven E. Travers ◽  
Benjamin I. Cook ◽  
T. Jonathan Davies ◽  
Kjell Bolmgren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Flowering Date ◽  
Phenological Sensitivity

scholarly journals Consistent Effects of Canopy vs. Understory Nitrogen Addition on Soil Respiration and Net Ecosystem Production in Moso Bamboo Forests

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1427
Author(s):  
Chunju Cai ◽  
Zhihan Yang ◽  
Liang Liu ◽  
Yunsen Lai ◽  
Junjie Lei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Carbon Cycling ◽  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
N Deposition ◽  
Net Ecosystem Production ◽  
Moso Bamboo ◽  
Atmospheric N Deposition ◽  
Ecosystem Carbon ◽  
Ecosystem Production

Nitrogen (N) deposition has been well documented to cause substantial impacts on ecosystem carbon cycling. However, the majority studies of stimulating N deposition by direct N addition to forest floor have neglected some key ecological processes in forest canopy (e.g., N retention and absorption) and might not fully represent realistic atmospheric N deposition and its effects on ecosystem carbon cycling. In this study, we stimulated both canopy and understory N deposition (50 and 100 kg N ha−1 year−1) with a local atmospheric NHx:NOy ratio of 2.08:1, aiming to assess whether canopy and understory N deposition had similar effects on soil respiration (RS) and net ecosystem production (NEP) in Moso bamboo forests. Results showed that RS, soil autotrophic (RA), and heterotrophic respiration (RH) were 2971 ± 597, 1472 ± 579, and 1499 ± 56 g CO2 m−2 year−1 for sites without N deposition (CN0), respectively. Canopy and understory N deposition did not significantly affect RS, RA, and RH, and the effects of canopy and understory N deposition on these soil fluxes were similar. NEP was 1940 ± 826 g CO2 m−2 year−1 for CN0, which was a carbon sink, indicating that Moso bamboo forest the potential to play an important role alleviating global climate change. Meanwhile, the effects of canopy and understory N deposition on NEP were similar. These findings did not support the previous predictions postulating that understory N deposition would overestimate the effects of N deposition on carbon cycling. However, due to the limitation of short duration of N deposition, an increase in the duration of N deposition manipulation is urgent and essential to enhance our understanding of the role of canopy processes in ecosystem carbon fluxes in the future.

scholarly journals Sweet Corn Ontogeny in Response to Irrigation and Nitrogen Fertilization

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Nahid Jafarikouhini ◽  
Seyed Abdolreza Kazemeini ◽  
Thomas R. Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Water Application ◽  
Full Irrigation ◽  
Economic Return ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Nitrogen Fertility ◽  
Nitrogen Treatment ◽  
Phenological Sensitivity ◽  
Water Treatments

To achieve optimum quality, sweet corn should be harvested at the milking stage, therefore understanding of plant phenology could be the most important aspects for economic return in this crop. Phenological sensitivity to the environment could be especially important in the management of water and nitrogen. In the current research, sweet corn ontogeny in two years was monitored in response to irrigation and nitrogen fertility: three water regimes and five nitrogen levels. The results showed that nitrogen and water application significantly affected duration in sweet corn between emergence and silking. As nitrogen and water level was increased, the days and cumulative temperature units (TU, °C) from sowing to silking significantly increased. In 2014, sowing to silking ranged from 66 days equal to 1035 TU with deficit water and nitrogen treatment to 72 days equal to 1140 TU at full irrigation and highest nitrogen treatment. In 2015, the range of sowing to silking was from 67 days equal to 1090 TU, to 73 days equal to 1180 TU. In contrast, neither nitrogen nor water treatments had a large influence on the duration of the silking to milking period. Across the two years the duration of silking to milking was approximately 506 TU. Therefore, once silking date had been resolved harvest date of sweet corn could be readily predicted independent of water or nitrogen treatment as occurring about 506 TU following silking.

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