Background:
Regardless of the enormous success of vaccines over decades, the formulation of biocompatible and highly effective vaccines is still insufficient for combating new pathogens.
Discussion:
The degree of effectiveness of any vaccine largely depends on the choice of appropriate adjuvant. Along with the optimum biocompatibility, an ideal adjuvant must be biodegradable, economical and easy to manufacture. To date, various organic and inorganic substances are used as adjuvant to augment the effectiveness of the vaccine. Immunological adjuvant is essentials for strong and long-term effects against various pathogens. However, there are a very limited number of licensed adjuvant are available for formulation of a successful vaccine. This produces a challenging situation in medical science.
Conclusion:
The present review concisely summarizes the mechanism of action of various bioactive organic and inorganic immunological adjuvant, their limitations and future perspectives for their appropriate modification. Current trends of anticancer therapies using immunological adjuvant has also highlighted in this review.
Metal Anticancer Complexes - Activity, Mechanism of Action, Future Perspectives
