A contemporary winter ground thermal profile in the Lesotho highlands and implications for active and relict soil frost phenomena

According to global climate projections, a substantial global climate change will occur during the next decades, under the assumption of continuous anthropogenic climate forcing. Global models, although fundamental in simulating the response of the climate system to anthropogenic forcing are typically geographically too coarse to well represent many regional or local features. In the Nordic region, climate studies are conducted in each of the Nordic countries to prepare regional climate projections with more detail than in global ones. Results so far indicate larger temperature changes in the Nordic region than in the global mean, regional increases and decreases in net precipitation, longer growing season, shorter snow season etc. These in turn affect runoff, snowpack, groundwater, soil frost and moisture, and thus hydropower production potential, flooding risks etc. Regional climate models do not yet fully incorporate hydrology. Water resources studies are carried out off-line using hydrological models. This requires archived meteorological output from climate models. This paper discusses Nordic regional climate scenarios for use in regional water resources studies. Potential end-users of water resources scenarios are the hydropower industry, dam safety instances and planners of other lasting infrastructure exposed to precipitation, river flows and flooding.

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Effects of chloramphenicol on the thermal profile ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae

Zeitschrift für allgemeine Mikrobiologie ◽

10.1002/jobm.3630210109 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 53-55 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

A. Madeira-Lopes ◽

N. van Uden

Keyword(s):

Thermal Profile

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Thermal Analysis of GaN-Based HFET Devices Using the Unit Thermal Profile Approach

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.389-393.1523 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 389-393 ◽

pp. 1523-1526

Author(s):

Jeong Park ◽

Chin C. Lee ◽

Jong Wook Kim ◽

Jae Seung Lee ◽

Won Sang Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thermal Analysis ◽

Thermal Profile ◽

Profile Approach

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Growth of single crystals of copper and their thermal profile estimation

Pramana ◽

10.1007/bf02847635 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 151-159 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S K Khanna ◽

M Sekar ◽

A Michael David ◽

K Govinda Rajan ◽

P Bhaskar Rao

Keyword(s):

Single Crystals ◽

Thermal Profile ◽

Profile Estimation

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Effect analysis on thermal profile management of a cylindrical lithium-ion battery utilizing a cellular liquid cooling jacket

Energy ◽

10.1016/j.energy.2020.119725 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 220 ◽

pp. 119725

Author(s):

Lei Sheng ◽

Hengyun Zhang ◽

Lin Su ◽

Zhendong Zhang ◽

Hua Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lithium Ion Battery ◽

Lithium Ion ◽

Liquid Cooling ◽

Thermal Profile ◽

Effect Analysis ◽

Profile Management ◽

Cooling Jacket

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Root-Associated Mycobiomes of Common Temperate Plants (Calluna vulgaris and Holcus lanatus) Are Strongly Affected by Winter Climate Conditions

Microbial Ecology ◽

10.1007/s00248-020-01667-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mathilde Borg Dahl ◽

Derek Peršoh ◽

Anke Jentsch ◽

Jürgen Kreyling

Keyword(s):

Soil Temperature ◽

Plant Species ◽

High Throughput Sequencing ◽

Calluna Vulgaris ◽

Absolute Temperature ◽

Snow Accumulation ◽

Temperature Variability ◽

Holcus Lanatus ◽

Soil Frost ◽

Winter Climate

AbstractWinter temperatures are projected to increase in Central Europe. Subsequently, snow cover will decrease, leading to increased soil temperature variability, with potentially different consequences for soil frost depending on e.g. altitude. Here, we experimentally evaluated the effects of increased winter soil temperature variability on the root associated mycobiome of two plant species (Calluna vulgaris and Holcus lanatus) at two sites in Germany; a colder and wetter upland site with high snow accumulation and a warmer and drier lowland site, with low snow accumulation. Mesocosm monocultures were set-up in spring 2010 at both sites (with soil and plants originating from the lowland site). In the following winter, an experimental warming pulse treatment was initiated by overhead infrared heaters and warming wires at the soil surface for half of the mesocosms at both sites. At the lowland site, the warming treatment resulted in a reduced number of days with soil frost as well as increased the average daily temperature amplitude. Contrary, the treatment caused no changes in these parameters at the upland site, which was in general a much more frost affected site. Soil and plant roots were sampled before and after the following growing season (spring and autumn 2011). High-throughput sequencing was used for profiling of the root-associated fungal (ITS marker) community (mycobiome). Site was found to have a profound effect on the composition of the mycobiome, which at the upland site was dominated by fast growing saprotrophs (Mortierellomycota), and at the lowland site by plant species-specific symbionts (e.g. Rhizoscyphus ericae and Microdochium bolleyi for C. vulgaris and H. lanatus respectively). The transplantation to the colder upland site and the temperature treatment at the warmer lowland site had comparable consequences for the mycobiome, implying that winter climate change resulting in higher temperature variability has large consequences for mycobiome structures regardless of absolute temperature of a given site.

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Impact of autocatalytic chemical reaction in an Ostwald-de-Waele nanofluid flow past a rotating disk with heterogeneous catalysis

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-94918-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Bai Yu ◽

Muhammad Ramzan ◽

Saima Riasat ◽

Seifedine Kadry ◽

Yu-Ming Chu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Transfer ◽

Thermal Conductivity ◽

Differential Equations ◽

Chemical Reaction ◽

Power Law ◽

Variable Thickness ◽

Rotating Disk ◽

Thermal Profile ◽

Nanofluid Flow ◽

Power Law Index

AbstractThe nanofluids owing to their alluring attributes like enhanced thermal conductivity and better heat transfer characteristics have a vast variety of applications ranging from space technology to nuclear reactors etc. The present study highlights the Ostwald-de-Waele nanofluid flow past a rotating disk of variable thickness in a porous medium with a melting heat transfer phenomenon. The surface catalyzed reaction is added to the homogeneous-heterogeneous reaction that triggers the rate of the chemical reaction. The added feature of the variable thermal conductivity and the viscosity instead of their constant values also boosts the novelty of the undertaken problem. The modeled problem is erected in the form of a system of partial differential equations. Engaging similarity transformation, the set of ordinary differential equations are obtained. The coupled equations are numerically solved by using the bvp4c built-in MATLAB function. The drag coefficient and Nusselt number are plotted for arising parameters. The results revealed that increasing surface catalyzed parameter causes a decline in thermal profile more efficiently. Further, the power-law index is more influential than the variable thickness disk index. The numerical results show that variations in dimensionless thickness coefficient do not make any effect. However, increasing power-law index causing an upsurge in radial, axial, tangential, velocities, and thermal profile.

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Projected decrease in wintertime bearing capacity on different forest and soil types in Finland under a warming climate

Hydrology and Earth System Sciences ◽

10.5194/hess-23-1611-2019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 1611-1631 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ilari Lehtonen ◽

Ari Venäläinen ◽

Matti Kämäräinen ◽

Antti Asikainen ◽

Juha Laitila ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bearing Capacity ◽

21St Century ◽

Climate Model ◽

Thick Layer ◽

Timber Harvesting ◽

Snow Accumulation ◽

Point Of View ◽

Frozen Soil ◽

Soil Types ◽

Soil Frost

Abstract. Trafficability in forest terrain is controlled by ground-bearing capacity, which is crucial from the timber harvesting point of view. In winter, soil frost affects the most the bearing capacity, especially on peatland soils which have in general low bearing capacity. Ground frost similarly affects the bearing capacity of forest truck roads. A 20 cm thick layer of frozen soil or 40 cm thick layer of snow on the ground may already be sufficient for heavy forest harvesters. In this work, we studied the impacts of climate change on soil frost conditions and, consequently, on ground-bearing capacity from the timber harvesting point of view. The number of days with good wintertime bearing capacity was modelled by using a soil temperature model with a snow accumulation model and wide set of downscaled climate model data until the end of the 21st century. The model was calibrated for different forest and soil types. The results show that by the mid-21st century, the conditions with good bearing capacity will decrease in wintertime in Finland, most likely by about 1 month. The decrease in soil frost and wintertime bearing capacity will be more pronounced during the latter half of the century, when drained peatlands may virtually lack soil frost in most of winters in southern and western Finland. The projected decrease in the bearing capacity, accompanied with increasing demand for wood harvesting from drained peatlands, induces a clear need for the development of sustainable and resource-efficient logging practices for drained peatlands. This is also needed to avoid unnecessary harvesting damages, like rut formation on soils and damage to tree roots and stems.

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