Effects of differences in aboveground dead organic matter types on the stand-scale necromass and CO efflux estimates in a subtropical forest in Okinawa Island, Japan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayato Abe
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Subtropical Forest ◽  
Okinawa Island ◽  
Dead Organic Matter

Difference in seasonal activity pattern between non-native and native ants in subtropical forest of Okinawa Island, Japan

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 637-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayuko Suwabe ◽  
Hitoshi Ohnishi ◽  
Tomonori Kikuchi ◽  
Kengo Kawara ◽  
Kazuki Tsuji
Keyword(s):  
Activity Pattern ◽  
Subtropical Forest ◽  
Seasonal Activity ◽  
Okinawa Island

Spatial-typological differentiation of the ecosystems of the West Siberian Plain. Communication II: Underground phytomass, dead organic matter, and soil humus

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Khmelev ◽  
A. A. Titlyanova ◽  
V. P. Sedel’nikov ◽  
Yu. S. Ravkin ◽  
I. N. Bogomolova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
West Siberian Plain ◽  
The West ◽  
Soil Humus ◽  
Dead Organic Matter

scholarly journals Different Molecular Characterization of Soil Particulate Fractions under N Deposition in a Subtropical Forest

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 914
Author(s):  
Jing Geng ◽  
Shulan Cheng ◽  
Huajun Fang ◽  
Jie Pei ◽  
Meng Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
N Deposition ◽  
Subtropical Forest ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
N Addition ◽  
Pyrolysis Gas ◽  
C Cycle ◽  
N Treatment

Key Findings: Combining physical fractionation and pyrolysis–gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (py-GC/MS) technique can help better understand the dynamics of soil organic matter (SOM). Background and Objectives: SOM plays a critical role in the global carbon (C) cycle. However, its complexity remains a challenge in characterizing chemical molecular composition within SOM and under nitrogen (N) deposition. Materials and Methods: Three particulate organic matter (POM) fractions within SOM and under N treatments were studied from perspectives of distributions, C contents and chemical signatures in a subtropical forest. N addition experiment was conducted with two inorganic N forms (NH4Cl and NaNO3) applied at three rates of 0, 40, 120 kg N ha−1 yr−1. Three particle-size fractions (>250 μm, 53–250 μm and <53 μm) were separated by a wet-sieving method. Py-GC/MS technique was used to differentiate between chemical composition. Results: A progressive proportion transfer of mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) to fine POM under N treatment was found. Only C content in fine POM was sensitive to N addition. Principal component analyses (PCA) showed that the coarse POM had the largest plant-derived markers (lignins, phenols, long-chain n-alkanes, and n-alkenes). Short-chain n-alkanes and n-alkenes, benzofurans, aromatics and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons mainly from black carbon prevailed in the fine POM. N compounds and polysaccharides from microbial products dominated in the MAOM. Factor analysis revealed that the degradation extent of three fractions was largely distinct. The difference in chemical structure among three particulate fractions within SOM was larger than treatments between control and N addition. In terms of N treatment impact, the MAOM fraction had fewer benzofurans compounds and was enriched in polysaccharides, indicating comparatively weaker mineralization and stronger stabilization of these substances. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the importance of chemical structure in SOM pools and help to understand the influence of N deposition on SOM transformation.

Strategies used by soil biota to overcome soil organic matter stability — why is dead organic matter left over in the soil?

Geoderma ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 128 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 167-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klemens Ekschmitt ◽  
Manqiang Liu ◽  
Silke Vetter ◽  
Oliver Fox ◽  
Volkmar Wolters
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Biota ◽  
Dead Organic Matter

scholarly journals MODELO MATEMÁTICO DEL ECOSISTEMA DE LA CIÉNAGA GRANDE DE SANTA MARTA

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri S. Tuchkovenko ◽  
Luis Alfredo Calero
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Coastal Lagoon ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Balance Equations ◽  
Dead Organic Matter ◽  
Shallow Reservoir ◽  
Nitrite Nitrate

The structure of the chemical – biological block of two-dimensional mathematical model of ecosystem and shallow reservoir and his methods of calibration is described in detail. The model includes the balance equations for the following components of ecosystem: phytoplankton, bacteria, zooplankton, dead (organic) matter, phosphate, ammonium, nitrite, nitrate and dissolved oxygen. Results of calculations of spatial distribution of several components of the ecosystem for the Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta coastal lagoon (Colombia) in various seasons of year are given.

scholarly journals Estimating the carbon dynamics of South Korean forests from 1954 to 2012

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 4637-4650 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Lee ◽  
T. K. Yoon ◽  
S. Han ◽  
S. Kim ◽  
M. J. Yi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
C Sequestration ◽  
National Forest Inventory ◽  
The South ◽  
Data Simulation ◽  
Dead Organic Matter ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
C Cycle ◽  
C Stocks

Abstract. Forests play an important role in the global carbon (C) cycle, and the South Korean forests also contribute to this global C cycle. While the South Korean forest ecosystem was almost completely destroyed by exploitation and the Korean War, it has successfully recovered because of national-scale reforestation programs since 1973. There have been several studies on the estimation of C stocks and balances over the past decades in the South Korean forests. However, a retrospective long-term study that includes biomass and dead organic matter C and validates dead organic matter C is still lacking. Accordingly, we estimated the C stocks and their changes of both biomass and dead organic matter C during the 1954–2012 period using a process-based model, the Korean Forest Soil Carbon model, and the 5th South Korean national forest inventory (NFI) report. Validation processes were also conducted based on the 5th NFI and statistical data. Simulation results showed that the biomass C stocks increased from 36.4 to 440.4 Tg C at a rate of 7.0 Tg C yr−1 during the period 1954–2012. The dead organic matter C stocks increased from 386.0 to 463.1 Tg C at a rate of 1.3 Tg C yr−1 during the same period. The estimates of biomass and dead organic matter C stocks agreed well with observed C stock data. The annual net biome production (NBP) during the period 1954–2012 was 141.3 g C m−2 yr−1, which increased from −8.8 g C m−2 yr−1 in 1955 to 436.6 g C m−2 yr−1 in 2012. Because of the small forested area, the South Korean forests had a comparatively lower contribution to the annual C sequestration by global forests. In contrast, because of the extensive reforestation programs, the NBP of South Korean forests was much higher than those of other countries. Our results could provide the forest C dynamics in South Korean forests before and after the onset of reforestation programs.

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