Wheat flour confectionery products as a source of inorganic nutrients: Zinc and copper contents in hard biscuits

Необходимость разработки безглютеновых продуктов обусловлена ростом численности людей страдающих целиакией, распространенность которой составляет 1 случай на 100–200 человек населения. Решение проблем, возникающих при производстве безглютеновых мучных кондитерских изделий, делает актуальным поиск новых видов сырья, не содержащего глютен и способного улучшать потребительские свойства изделий. В качестве источника безглютенового сырья была выбрана гречневая мука (ГМ). Получено безглютеновое печенье из ГМ в сочетании с различными гидроколлоидами – камедями акации, трагаканта, гуаровой и ксантановой, которые по отдельности добавляли в образцы ГМ в количестве 1г/100 г, и исследовано его физико-химические и сенсорные свойства в сравнении с аналогичными свойствами печенья из пшеничной муки (ПМ). Установлено, что образцы ГМ с добавкой камедей имеют более высокое содержание влаги, а печенье, полученное из смеси ГМ с камедью по разработанной нами технологии, – большую толщину, массу и сниженную прочность при разрушении по сравнению с ГМ и печеньем, изготовленным из нее. При сенсорной оценке качества изделий, проведенной по девятибалльной гедонистической шкале, установлено, что самые высокие показатели качества имеет печенье из ПМ, самые низкие – печенье, приготовленное из ГМ. Внесение камедей улучшило сенсорные показатели изделий на основе ГМ. Лучшим признан образец печенья на основе ГМ с добавлением ксантановой камеди. Таким образом, использование гидроколлоидов улучшает водосвязывающую способность муки и сенсорные показатели изделия – цвет, аромат, вкус и дает возможность получить безглютеновое печенье достаточно высокого качества, сопоставимого с качеством печенья из пшеничной муки. The need to develop gluten-free products is due to the growing number of people suffering from celiac disease, the prevalence of which is 1 case per 100–200 people of the population. Solving the problems that arise in the production of gluten-free flour confectionery products makes it relevant to search for new types of raw materials that do not contain gluten and can improve the consumer properties of products. Buckwheat flour (BF) was chosen as a source of gluten-free raw materials. Gluten-free cookies from BF were obtained in combination with various hydrocolloids-acacia, tragacanth, guar and xanthan gums, which were separately added to BF samples in the amount of 1 g/100 g, and its physical and chemical and sensory properties were studied in comparison with similar properties of wheat flour cookies (WF). The purpose of this work is to obtain gluten-free cookies from BF in combination with various hydrocolloids – acacia gum, tragacanth, guar gum and xanthan gum, which were separately added to BF in the amount of 1 g/100 g, and to study its physical, chemical and sensory properties in comparison with similar properties of cookies from WF. It was found that the samples of BF with the addition of gums have higher moisture content, and the cookies obtained from a mixture of BF with gum according to the technology developed by us – a greater thickness, weight and reduced strength at destruction compared to BF and cookies made from it. In the sensory evaluation of the quality of products conducted on a nine-point hedonistic scale, it was found that the highest quality indicators are cookies made from WF, the lowest – cookies made from BF. The introduction of gums improved the sensory performance of BF-based products. A sample of BF-based cookies with the addition of xanthan gum was recognized as the best. Thus, the use of hydrocolloids improves the water-binding ability of flour and the sensory characteristics of the product – color, aroma, taste, and makes it possible to obtain gluten-free cookies of sufficiently high quality, comparable to the quality of cookies made from wheat flour.

Download Full-text

Evaluating the thermoresistance of Bacillus cereus strains isolated from wheat flour

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v10i6.15268 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. e2510615268

Author(s):

Eliandra Mirlei Rossi ◽

Suelen Caroline Mahl ◽

Ana Carolina Spaniol ◽

Jéssica Fernanda Barreto Honorato ◽

Tauany Rocha

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Cereus ◽

Wheat Flour ◽

Food Products ◽

Thermal Treatments ◽

Strain Atcc ◽

Baked Goods ◽

Confectionery Products ◽

Wheat Flours

Wheat flour is often used to prepare confectionery and baked goods, however, it can be contaminated by aporulating microorganisms contaminated during harvest or improper storage. The aim of this study was to isolate Bacillus cereus strains from different wheat flour brands and to evaluate their thermoresistance in different confectionery products. It was done in order to investigate the risks posed by food prepared with flour contaminated with B. cereus to consumers’ health. The investigation of B.cereus was realized in five brands of different wheat flours were collected and named A to E. The isolated strains were subjected to boiling tests in vitro to evaluate their thermoresistance. In addition, confectionery products were prepared with flour contaminated with B. cereus strains. These products were subjected to different cooking and B. cereus strain ATCC®30301™ was used as control. Flour brands were contaminated with B. cereus; and counts ranged from 0.25 to 1.57 log CFU/g. The strains presented higher thermoresistance in the confectionery products than in the test conducted in vitro. Based on our results, it was concluded that B. cereus strains are thermoresistant. Moreover, if the flour is contaminated with this bacterium, food products subjected to thermal treatments may remain contaminated. In addition, it is suggested that there is some mechanism (not observed in our study) that could directly influence the thermoresistance of strains found in food.

Download Full-text

Optimization Formulation of Semi-Finished Sponge Cake

Food Processing Techniques and Technology ◽

10.21603/2074-9414-2020-1-44-51 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 44-51

Author(s):

Ekaterina Marinina ◽

Madina Sadygova ◽

Tatiana Kirillova ◽

Irina Kanevskaya

Keyword(s):

Wheat Flour ◽

Mass Fraction ◽

Animal Feed ◽

Desirability Function ◽

Control Sample ◽

Generalized Function ◽

Sponge Cake ◽

Rye Flour ◽

Local Selection ◽

Confectionery Products

Introduction. The research improved the formulation of semi-finished sponge cake by using the method of generalized desirability function. Traditional components were substituted with new advantageous rye varieties of local selection. The main advantage of the rye variety “Memory to Bambyshev” is that rye flour obtained from the whole grain of this variety has a lower trypsin inhibitor (1.7 mg/g) compared to flour from such varieties as “Saratov 6” (2.16 mg/g). Thus, the digestibility of the grain of this variety is higher by 0.26%. The rye can be used in baking to produce dietary breads, low-calorie bakery products with bran, and animal feed. Study objects and methods. Cakes and pastries make 34.5% of the total volume of flour confectionery products. The study developed a new semi-finished sponge-cake product, which can serve as the basis for cakes and pastries. However, flour confectionery products are oversaturated with carbohydrates and fats, which increases their calorie content. A set of experiments was performed to study the effect of reducing the amount of sugar in the formulation and replacing wheat flour with rye flour on the quality of semi-finished sponge-cake product. A basic formulation for sponge cake was used as control sample. The test semples varied in content of sugar and flour made from various types of rye. The technological additives included Ovalet emulsifier (1.5% to flour) and Duo baking powder (0.1% to flour). Emulsifier “OVALET SUPER” (Bakels, Sweden) is a pasty substance that consists of emulsifying agents, water, and stabilizers and acts as an improver, stabilizer, and structurizer designed for the production of semi-finished sponge cakes, rolls, muffins, and cookies. Duo baking powder is a special highly effective tool that does not contain tartaric acid. It can be used for the production of various varieties of bread and confectionery, e.g. biscuits, rolls, gingerbread, etc. The obtained dough was easy to process. The new formulation increased the volume and color of the product, as well as slowed down the process of hardening. Results and discussion. The highest value of the generalized function of desirability belonged to the sample where white wheat flour was subsituted with 30% of rye flour and the sample with 100% of rye flour with a 40% sugar reduction. According to the specific desirability indicators, the mass fraction of moisture, the mass fraction of total sugar, energy value, and foaming ability of the semifinished product were higher than those of the control sample. Conclusion. The developed formulation and technology can expand the range of functional products.

Download Full-text

Research of the possibility of replacing sugar to sugar substitute in the recipe of cake from wheat flour

Khleboproducty ◽

10.32462/0235-2508-2021-30-2-46-48 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 46-48

Author(s):

G.S. Sagdeeva ◽

◽

R.I. Aisina ◽

Keyword(s):

Wheat Flour ◽

Comparative Assessment ◽

Optimal Concentration ◽

Energy Value ◽

Sugar Substitute ◽

Confectionery Products ◽

Confectionery Product

The article presents the results of a study on replacing sugar with the sugar substitute «Stevia» in bakery and confectionery products, in particular, in muffins. In the course of test baking, the optimal concentration of the Stevia sweetener in the wheat flour cake recipe was determined, at which the finished confectionery product meets the requirements for organoleptic and physicochemical indicators for confectionery products. A comparative assessment of the energy value of a cake made from wheat flour with sugar and a sugar substitute «Stevia» is given.

Download Full-text

Application of the alveograph device for the development of requirements for the quality of flour for the production of a wafer sheet

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/845/1/012135 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 845 (1) ◽

pp. 012135

Author(s):

E P Meleshkina ◽

S N Kolomiets ◽

O I Bundina ◽

A S Cheskidova

Keyword(s):

Rheological Properties ◽

Wheat Flour ◽

Raw Material ◽

Falling Number ◽

Laboratory Equipment ◽

Quality Requirements ◽

Intended Purpose ◽

Confectionery Products ◽

Dough Rheological Properties

Abstract Due to the constantly growing demand for flour confectionery and culinary products, it became necessary to develop specialized requirements for the quality of wheat flour as a raw material. To date, there are no such requirements in our country, and for the production of these products, bakery flour obtained according to the traditional wheat grind scheme was used, the quality of which had to be leveled depending on the range of confectionery products. One way to solve this problem is to differentiate the properties of wheat flour according to its intended purpose and their rationing. The purpose of the study is to develop quality requirements for Russian wheat flour for the production of wafer sheets according to objectively and reliably determined indicators of the dough rheological properties using an alveograph device to create, in the future, a system for classifying wheat flour by its intended purpose. Flour quality assessment was carried out using domestic devices and laboratory equipment (MOK system, Falling-number value, etc.); the dough rheological properties were evaluated by an alveograph device (company Chopin, France), wafer sheets were baked and evaluated using methods previously developed by the authors. The analysis of the interdependence of standardized quality indicators, as well as newly developed ones, was conducted to identify indicators that differentiate the quality of wheat flour by its intended purpose, i.e. by finished products. For this, methods of mathematical statistics were applied.

Download Full-text

Flour-Based Confectionery as Functional Food

10.5772/intechopen.95876 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sanja Oručević Žuljević ◽

Asima Akagić

Keyword(s):

Young People ◽

Wheat Flour ◽

Functional Properties ◽

Functional Food ◽

High Energy ◽

Nutritional Values ◽

Children And Young People ◽

Balanced Diet ◽

Nutritive Values ◽

Confectionery Products

Nowadays, the flour-based confectionery industry is facing different challenges in reducing caloric and increasing nutritive values in order to produce healthier products, given that consumption of flour-based confectionery products has been growing steadily worldwide. In addition to wheat flour, these products include sugar and fat, which contribute to high energy value, but have few micronutrients and are mostly poor in nutritional terms. Due to frequency of consumption, they can harm a balanced diet, especially when it comes to children and young people. Flour-based confectionery is highly suitable for enrichment with ingredients that have pronounced functional properties. In this sense, the text offers some possibilities for improving such products through different approaches and presents new trends in developing functional, flour-based confectionery by using different supplements that could decrease caloric value, improve nutritional and non-nutritional values and develop products with pronounced functional properties.

Download Full-text

THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW TYPES OF CONFECTIONERY PRODUCTS OF INCREASED NUTRITIONAL VALUE AND DIRECTED EFFICIENCY

Food Industry: Science and Technology ◽

10.47612/2073-4794-2021-14-2(52)-46-59 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (2(52)) ◽

pp. 46-59

Author(s):

Ksеnia Nikolaevna Gershonchik ◽

Valentina Nikolaevna Babodey ◽

Tatsiana Vyacheslavovna Shugaeva ◽

Svetlana Nikolaevna Vislouhova ◽

Svetlana Evgenievna Tomashevich

Keyword(s):

Wheat Flour ◽

Proteolytic Enzyme ◽

Nutritional Value ◽

Jerusalem Artichoke ◽

Technological Properties ◽

Biological Value ◽

Confectionery Products ◽

Fundamental Research ◽

Optimal Quantity

The article presents the main results of fundamental research carried out by specialists of the group for the confectionery industry of the technology confectionery and oil and fat products department in 2008–2020. The chemical composition and technological properties of soluble fibers — inulin and oligofructose, as well as the source of inulin — Jerusalem artichoke, have been studied, their optimal dosages in the manufacture of zephyr have been determined, allowing to achieve technological effects and enrich the finished product with food fibers. Studied the composition of the linen cake and its influence on the quality of biscuits. The optimal dosages of linen cake have been established to increase the nutritional and biological value of the biscuits. The possibility of using durum wheat flour in the manufacture of biscuits has been studied. Influence of proteolytic enzyme, sugar and fat on protein proteolysis in confectionary dough for production of soluble biscuits is studied. It is defined that sugar and fat reduce speed of protein proteolysis, at that sugar has more inactivate ability. Optimal quantity of proteolytic enzyme is 0,15 % to mass of wheat flour. The rheological properties of syrups based on sweeteners for muesli bars have been investigated. Established the ratio of maltitol and maltitol syrup in the recipe for muesli bars for diabetic nutrition.

Download Full-text

Ways of using cereal flours for modeling the recipe composition of pastry flour products

10.26897/978-5-9675-1855-3-2021-245 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

N.A. Shcherbakova ◽

Keyword(s):

Dietary Fiber ◽

Wheat Flour ◽

Whole Grain ◽

Optimal Ratio ◽

Confectionery Products

The paper defines the ways of using flour of cereals for modeling the recipe composition of flour confectionery products. A possible range of replacement of wheat flour with whole grain wheat flour from cereals (wheat, rye, oat, buckwheat) has been investigated and model flour mixtures have been developed that are a source of dietary fiber. The optimal ratio of a mixture with a high content of dietary fiber and magnesium was determined (wheat flour: buckwheat: whole grain wheat - 55:30:15).

Download Full-text

Research on functional gluten-free sorghum muffins of different varieties

Food processing industry ◽

10.52653/ppi.2022.1.1.012 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 55-58

Author(s):

Юлия Юрьевна Никонорова ◽

Лариса Александровна Косых ◽

Любовь Федоровна Сыркина

Keyword(s):

Wheat Flour ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Control Sample ◽

Gluten Free ◽

Free Products ◽

Sorghum Flour ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Confectionery Products ◽

Sorghum Grain ◽

Ground Wheat

Для больных целиакией стоит проблема при составлении рациона питания, в основном это отказ от изделий, которые содержат в своем составе глютен. Перед хлебопекарными предприятиями стоит задача расширить ассортимент безглютеновых продуктов. При изготовлении продуктов, не содержащих глютен, применяют нетрадиционное сырье: к такому сырью относится сорговая мука. Зерно сорго универсально в использовании, в зависимости от сорта его используют как на пищевые цели, так и на кормовые и промышленные. Цель работы - изучение возможности применения сорговой муки из разных сортов для изготовления функциональных безглютеновых кексов. Анализ оценки качества муки и готовых изделий осуществляли органолептическим и физико-химическим способом. Исследованы показатели качества готовых изделий: пшеничной муки высшего сорта и цельносмолотой, полученной из озимой пшеницы сорта Поволжская Нива, а также цельносмолотой сорговой муки из сортов Рось, Державное, Вера и линии Л-246/17. При определении органолептических и физико-химических показателей выявлено, что цвет муки у контрольных образцов был белый и бежевый. У цельносмолотой сорговой муки в зависимости от сорта от светло-бежевого до коричневого. Влажность муки была в норме и не превышала 15 %. По данным фракционного состава белка, самое низкое содержание глютелинов оказалось у линии Л-246/17 (7,98 %), тогда как у пшеничной муки высшего сорта 31,17 %. Хлебопекарная оценка готовых изделий показала, что все кексы со слегка выпуклой формой корки, пропеченные. Объем и удельный объем кексов из цельносмолотой муки сортов Рось, Державное и линии Л-246/17 больше по сравнению с контрольным образцом из цельносмолотой муки пшеницы сорта Поволжская Нива. Проведен сравнительный анализ сортов зернового сорго для применения их в пищевой промышленности, в качестве безглютенового сырья для производства кондитерских изделий. For patients with celiac disease, there is a problem when compiling a diet, mainly it is the rejection of products that contain gluten in their composition. Bakeries are faced with the task of expanding the range of gluten-free products. In the manufacture of gluten-free products, non-traditional raw materials are used, such raw materials include sorghum flour. Sorghum grain is universal in use, depending on the variety, it is used both for food purposes, and for feed and industrial purposes. The purpose of the work is to study the possibility of using sorghum flour from different varieties for the production of functional gluten-free cupcakes. The analysis of the evaluation of the quality of flour and finished products was carried out by organoleptic and physico-chemical methods. The quality indicators of finished products were studied: wheat flour of the highest grade and whole-ground wheat obtained from winter wheat of the Volga Niva variety, as well as whole - ground sorghum flour from the Ros, Derzhavnoye, Vera varieties and the L-246/17 line. When determining the organoleptic and physico-chemical parameters, it was revealed that the color of the flour in the control samples was white and beige. For whole-ground sorghum flour, depending on the variety, from light beige to brown. The moisture content of the flour was normal and did not exceed 15 %. According to the fractional composition of the protein, the lowest content of glutelins was found in the L-246/17 line 7.98 %, while wheat flour of the highest grade - 31.17 %. The bakery evaluation of the finished products showed that all the cupcakes with a slightly convex crust shape are baked. The volume and specific volume of cupcakes made of whole-ground flour of the Ros, Derzhavnoye varieties and the L-246/17 line is higher compared to the control sample made of whole-ground wheat flour of the Volga Niva variety. A comparative analysis of varieties of grain sorghum for their use in the food industry, as gluten-free raw materials for the production of confectionery products is carried out

Download Full-text