Optimization Formulation of Semi-Finished Sponge Cake

Introduction. The research improved the formulation of semi-finished sponge cake by using the method of generalized desirability function. Traditional components were substituted with new advantageous rye varieties of local selection. The main advantage of the rye variety “Memory to Bambyshev” is that rye flour obtained from the whole grain of this variety has a lower trypsin inhibitor (1.7 mg/g) compared to flour from such varieties as “Saratov 6” (2.16 mg/g). Thus, the digestibility of the grain of this variety is higher by 0.26%. The rye can be used in baking to produce dietary breads, low-calorie bakery products with bran, and animal feed. Study objects and methods. Cakes and pastries make 34.5% of the total volume of flour confectionery products. The study developed a new semi-finished sponge-cake product, which can serve as the basis for cakes and pastries. However, flour confectionery products are oversaturated with carbohydrates and fats, which increases their calorie content. A set of experiments was performed to study the effect of reducing the amount of sugar in the formulation and replacing wheat flour with rye flour on the quality of semi-finished sponge-cake product. A basic formulation for sponge cake was used as control sample. The test semples varied in content of sugar and flour made from various types of rye. The technological additives included Ovalet emulsifier (1.5% to flour) and Duo baking powder (0.1% to flour). Emulsifier “OVALET SUPER” (Bakels, Sweden) is a pasty substance that consists of emulsifying agents, water, and stabilizers and acts as an improver, stabilizer, and structurizer designed for the production of semi-finished sponge cakes, rolls, muffins, and cookies. Duo baking powder is a special highly effective tool that does not contain tartaric acid. It can be used for the production of various varieties of bread and confectionery, e.g. biscuits, rolls, gingerbread, etc. The obtained dough was easy to process. The new formulation increased the volume and color of the product, as well as slowed down the process of hardening. Results and discussion. The highest value of the generalized function of desirability belonged to the sample where white wheat flour was subsituted with 30% of rye flour and the sample with 100% of rye flour with a 40% sugar reduction. According to the specific desirability indicators, the mass fraction of moisture, the mass fraction of total sugar, energy value, and foaming ability of the semifinished product were higher than those of the control sample. Conclusion. The developed formulation and technology can expand the range of functional products.

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Research on functional gluten-free sorghum muffins of different varieties

Food processing industry ◽

10.52653/ppi.2022.1.1.012 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 55-58

Author(s):

Юлия Юрьевна Никонорова ◽

Лариса Александровна Косых ◽

Любовь Федоровна Сыркина

Keyword(s):

Wheat Flour ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Control Sample ◽

Gluten Free ◽

Free Products ◽

Sorghum Flour ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Confectionery Products ◽

Sorghum Grain ◽

Ground Wheat

Для больных целиакией стоит проблема при составлении рациона питания, в основном это отказ от изделий, которые содержат в своем составе глютен. Перед хлебопекарными предприятиями стоит задача расширить ассортимент безглютеновых продуктов. При изготовлении продуктов, не содержащих глютен, применяют нетрадиционное сырье: к такому сырью относится сорговая мука. Зерно сорго универсально в использовании, в зависимости от сорта его используют как на пищевые цели, так и на кормовые и промышленные. Цель работы - изучение возможности применения сорговой муки из разных сортов для изготовления функциональных безглютеновых кексов. Анализ оценки качества муки и готовых изделий осуществляли органолептическим и физико-химическим способом. Исследованы показатели качества готовых изделий: пшеничной муки высшего сорта и цельносмолотой, полученной из озимой пшеницы сорта Поволжская Нива, а также цельносмолотой сорговой муки из сортов Рось, Державное, Вера и линии Л-246/17. При определении органолептических и физико-химических показателей выявлено, что цвет муки у контрольных образцов был белый и бежевый. У цельносмолотой сорговой муки в зависимости от сорта от светло-бежевого до коричневого. Влажность муки была в норме и не превышала 15 %. По данным фракционного состава белка, самое низкое содержание глютелинов оказалось у линии Л-246/17 (7,98 %), тогда как у пшеничной муки высшего сорта 31,17 %. Хлебопекарная оценка готовых изделий показала, что все кексы со слегка выпуклой формой корки, пропеченные. Объем и удельный объем кексов из цельносмолотой муки сортов Рось, Державное и линии Л-246/17 больше по сравнению с контрольным образцом из цельносмолотой муки пшеницы сорта Поволжская Нива. Проведен сравнительный анализ сортов зернового сорго для применения их в пищевой промышленности, в качестве безглютенового сырья для производства кондитерских изделий. For patients with celiac disease, there is a problem when compiling a diet, mainly it is the rejection of products that contain gluten in their composition. Bakeries are faced with the task of expanding the range of gluten-free products. In the manufacture of gluten-free products, non-traditional raw materials are used, such raw materials include sorghum flour. Sorghum grain is universal in use, depending on the variety, it is used both for food purposes, and for feed and industrial purposes. The purpose of the work is to study the possibility of using sorghum flour from different varieties for the production of functional gluten-free cupcakes. The analysis of the evaluation of the quality of flour and finished products was carried out by organoleptic and physico-chemical methods. The quality indicators of finished products were studied: wheat flour of the highest grade and whole-ground wheat obtained from winter wheat of the Volga Niva variety, as well as whole - ground sorghum flour from the Ros, Derzhavnoye, Vera varieties and the L-246/17 line. When determining the organoleptic and physico-chemical parameters, it was revealed that the color of the flour in the control samples was white and beige. For whole-ground sorghum flour, depending on the variety, from light beige to brown. The moisture content of the flour was normal and did not exceed 15 %. According to the fractional composition of the protein, the lowest content of glutelins was found in the L-246/17 line 7.98 %, while wheat flour of the highest grade - 31.17 %. The bakery evaluation of the finished products showed that all the cupcakes with a slightly convex crust shape are baked. The volume and specific volume of cupcakes made of whole-ground flour of the Ros, Derzhavnoye varieties and the L-246/17 line is higher compared to the control sample made of whole-ground wheat flour of the Volga Niva variety. A comparative analysis of varieties of grain sorghum for their use in the food industry, as gluten-free raw materials for the production of confectionery products is carried out

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RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF BISCUITS DOUGH WITH SPELT FLOUR

THE INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL JOURNAL COMMODITIES AND MARKETS ◽

10.31617/tr.knute.2021(38)09 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

pp. 94-102

Author(s):

KRAVCHENKO Mykhailo ◽

ROMANOVSKA Olha ◽

MARUSYAK Tetiana

Keyword(s):

Shear Rate ◽

Rheological Properties ◽

Wheat Flour ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Control Sample ◽

Viscosity Reduction ◽

Sponge Cake ◽

Sugar Mixture ◽

The Stability ◽

Rotary Viscometer

Background. The analysis of modern literature sources shows that the improvement of existing biscuit technologies is aimed primarily at the use of various non-traditional raw materials to regulate the nutritional value and increase the stability of sponge dough during production and baking.Thus, the production of biscuits from spelt flour is one of the most promising areas of its use, as it meets the technological properties of this type of product. The aim of the work is to study the rheological properties of sponge dough from a mixture of premium wheat flour and spelt flour. Materials and methods.The object of the study is the dough for the main biscuit and with the replacement of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 % of high-grade wheat flour (HGWF) with spelt flour (SF). The study was performed on a rotary viscometer Reotest-2 on a system of cylinders S, S3 at a temperature of 20 °C. Shear stress and viscosity are calculated by formulas for the corresponding values of shear rate. The whipping of the sponge dough was defined as the ratioof thevolume of the egg-sugar mixture after beating to the volume of the mixture after adding the flour mixture and stirring for 15 с(%). The stability of the sponge dough (SSD) with the addition of flour mixtures was determined as the ratio of the height of the foam after aging for 15· 60 сat a temperature of 18–20 °C to the total height of the foam column of the sample, expressed as a percentage. Results. The study found a general trend to reduce the viscosity of sponge dough for test specimens depending on the shear rate relative to control. Thus, for the studied shear deformations from 0.167 c-1 to 24.3 c-1, the viscosity of the sponge dough of the control sample decreases from 55.50to 3.26 Pa ∙ с. Replacing wheat flour with spelt flour in the amount of 10 to 50 % helps to reduce the viscosity of sponge dough from 55.50 to 1.55 Pa ∙ с. When studying the dependence of the effective viscosity of the dough for the main biscuit on the content of SF at a fixed shear rate of 24.3 c-1, two areas were identified –in the range of 0–30 and 30–50 % replacement of wheat flour for SF, for which there is a different intensity of viscosity reduction: by 38.3 and 2.4%, respectively. The increase in the stability of sponge cake dough by 3.6–43.6% in the studied samples with respect to control was due to the addition of spelt flour. Conclusion. The use of spelt flour in the composition of the main sponge cake helps to reduce the viscosity, but increases the whipping and stability of the biscuit dough, which is positive for the subsequent molding and baking.

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DEVELOPMENT OF A RECIPE FOR GLUTEN-FREE WAFFLE LOAVES FROM A MIX OF BUCKWHEAT FLOUR AND A FOOD ADDITIVE «KOFEYNAYA»

Известия вузов. Пищевая технология ◽

10.26297/0579-3009.2020.2-3.11 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

И.Б. КРАСИНА ◽

Б.О. ХАШПАКЯНЦ ◽

Е.В. ФИЛИППОВА ◽

Е.В. КРАСИНА

Keyword(s):

Wheat Flour ◽

Mass Fraction ◽

Control Sample ◽

Food Additive ◽

Normative Values ◽

Optimal Dosage ◽

Gluten Free ◽

Organoleptic Evaluation ◽

Average Value ◽

Buckwheat Flour

Разработана рецептура безглютеновых вафельных хлебцев из нетрадиционного сырья: гречневой муки и пищевой добавкой «Кофейная» в соотношении 1 : 0,3 соответственно. Установлено, что оптимальная дозировка воды для приготовления вафельных хлебцев из смеси, при которой массовая доля влаги в тесте не превышает нормативных значений, должна быть увеличена по сравнению с расчетным значением для контрольного образца, приготовленного по традиционной технологии из пшеничной муки, и составить 150 мл, при этом массовая доля влаги в тесте – 65,20%, а вафельное тесто из смеси гречневой муки и пищевой добавкой «Кофейная» приобретает оптимальную вязкость. Установлено, что среднее значение массовой доли влаги хлебцев из смеси гречневой муки и пищевой добавки «Кофейная» составляет 3,25%, что незначительно выше среднего значения аналогичного показателя контрольного образца. Усредненные показатели щелочности для опытного образца – 2,06 град., для контрольного – 1,92 град. Среднее значение намокаемости разработанных вафельных хлебцев составляет 405,62%, что не ниже, чем у контрольного образца. Анализ физико-химических показателей и органолептическая оценка разработанного изделия показали, что замена пшеничной муки бесклейковинной гречневой мукой и пищевой добавкой «Кофейная» не ухудшает основных показателей качества готового изделия, которое может быть рекомендовано для питания людей, страдающих целиакией. The formulation for gluten-free waffle loaves from non-traditional raw materials: buckwheat flour and food additive «Kofeynaya» in a ratio of 1 : 0,3 respectively has been developed. The optimal dosage of water for cooking waffle loaves from a mix in which the mass fraction of moisture in the test does not exceed the normative values should be increased in comparison with the design value for a control sample prepared by traditional technology from wheat flour, and to be 150 ml, the mass fraction of moisture in the test – 65,20%, and waffle batter from a mix of buckwheat flour and a food additive «Kofeynaya» becomes an optimum viscosity. It was found that the average value of the mass fraction of moisture of waffle loaves made from a mix of buckwheat flour and the food additive «Kofeynaya» is 3,25%, which is slightly higher than the average value of the same indicator of the control sample. The average alkalinity values for the pilot sample are 2,06 deg., for the control sample – 1,92 deg. The average wetness value of the developed waffle loaves is 405,62%, which is not lower than that of the control sample. Analysis of physical and chemical indicators and organoleptic evaluation of the developed product showed that replacing wheat flour with gluten-free buckwheat flour and the food additive «Kofeynaya» does not worsen the main quality indicators of the finished product, which can be recommended for people suffering from celiac disease.

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The Effect of Sea Salt, Dry Sourdough and Fermented Sugar as Sodium Chloride Replacers on Rheological Behavior of Wheat Flour Dough

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods9101465 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 1465

Author(s):

Andreea Voinea ◽

Silviu-Gabriel Stroe ◽

Georgiana Gabriela Codină

Keyword(s):

Sodium Chloride ◽

Rheological Properties ◽

Wheat Flour ◽

Desirability Function ◽

Control Sample ◽

Gas Production ◽

Sea Salt ◽

Strengthening Effect ◽

Independent Variables ◽

Derringer’S Desirability Function

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of formulation factors, sea salt (SS), dry sourdough (SD) and fermented sugar (FS) as sodium chloride replacers in wheat flour on dough mixing, extension, pasting and fermentation rheological properties, evaluated by Farinograph, Extensograph, Amylograph and Rheofermentometer devices. With regard to mixing and extension properties, SS and FS presented a strengthening effect, whereas SD presented a weakening one. SS and FS presented a positive effect on dough stability, energy and resistance, whereas SD presented a negative one. On the Amylograph, peak viscosity increased by SS and FS addition and decreased when SD was incorporated in the dough recipe. During fermentation, dough development and gas production in the dough system increased after SS and SD addition, whereas they decreased after FS addition. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to investigate the effect of independent variables on the rheological properties of the dough. Mathematical models between the independent variables, SS, SD and FS, and the dependent variables, represented by the rheological values of the dough, were obtained. The best formulation obtained was of 0.30 g/100 g SS, 0.50 g/100 g SD and 1.02 mL/100 g FS addition with a 0.618 desirability value, following Derringer’s desirability function approach. For this formulation, bread quality characteristics were better appreciated than for those obtained for the control sample, in which 1.5% NaCl was incorporated in wheat flour.

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THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE RECIPE OF THE CAKE WITH THE USE OF THE BIRD-CHERRY FLOUR LEMON ZEST

RUSSIAN ELECTRONIC SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL ◽

10.31563/2308-9644-2020-38-4-67-81 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 38 (4) ◽

pp. 67-81

Author(s):

O.Yu. Kaluzhina ◽

◽

R.A. Kashapova ◽

A.Yu. Bodrov ◽

K.A. Bodrova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Acids ◽

Wheat Flour ◽

Control Sample ◽

Orange Peel ◽

Physicochemical Characteristics ◽

Optimal Dosage ◽

Herbal Supplement ◽

Confectionery Products ◽

Pilot Sample ◽

Golden Color

A number of authors have developed a recipe for donuts using bird cherry flour and orange peel. It is known from literary sources that the use of bird cherry flour and orange peel has a positive effect on the quality of flour bakery and confectionery products. At the first stage of research, on the basis of organoleptic and physicochemical parameters, the optimal dosage of bird cherry flour was selected, which amounted to 30% of the total volume of wheat flour in the recipe. At the second stage, the donut recipe, using 30% bird cherry flour, served as a control option, and samples with the addition of 3.5,7.9% orange peel were used as prototypes. It was found that when 7% orange peel was applied, the donuts acquired a golden color, pleasant taste and aroma compared to the control sample. A further increase in the amount of orange zest led to a deterioration in the quality indicators of the baked product. At the final stage, we developed a donut recipe with a content of 30% bird cherry flour and 7% orange peel. It has been established that this ratio of ingredients improves both organoleptic and physicochemical characteristics. Thanks to the addition of orange peel, the content increases: vitamin C by 0.14 mg / 100g, carotenoids by 0.14 mg / 100g in products, as well as microelements: potassium - by 231.17, magnesium - by 25.89, iron - by 0.22, phosphorus - by 21.81. The acidity of the finished products increases by 0.029 degrees due to the presence of organic acids in the orange peel. The acidity of the dough also increases with an increase in the dosage of bird cherry flour due to the fact that the herbal supplement contains more organic acids (malic, citric, ascorbic) than wheat flour. The acidity increases from 2 to 13%, but is within the acceptable range. The energy and nutritional value of the finished products of the pilot sample increased by 14.84 kcal in comparison with the control sample.

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Problems of ensuring metrological traceability of measurement results of indicators of quality for food products and food raw materials

Izmeritel`naya Tekhnika ◽

10.32446/0368-1025it.2020-3-64-70 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 64-70

Author(s):

Mariya Y. Medvedevskikh ◽

Anna S. Sergeeva

Keyword(s):

Reference Materials ◽

Mass Fraction ◽

Nutritional Value ◽

Animal Feed ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Meat Products ◽

Metrological Traceability ◽

Food Products ◽

Freeze Dried ◽

Measurement Results

The article raises the problem of ensuring metrological traceability of the measurement results of indicators of quality and nutritional value for food products and food raw materials: water (moisture), nitrogen (protein, crude protein), fat, ash and carbohydrates. The problem under consideration can be solved by applying reference materials of food composition, traceable to state primary measurement standards GET 173-2017 and GET 176-2019 and primary reference measurement procedures (PRMP), for attestation of measurement procedures and accuracy checking of measurement results. The article discusses the results of the PRMP development of mass fraction of fat, ash and carbohydrates in food products and food raw materials, as well as mass fraction of crude fat (oil content) in oil crops seeds and products based on them. The paper also presents metrological characteristics of reference materials of composition of dry dairy products, grain-milk dry porridges for nutrition of babies, grain dry porridges for nutrition of babies, egg powder, freeze-dried meat products, animal feed. The results of the work allow for building a chain of metrological traceability from GET 173-2017, GET 176-2019 and PRMP to routine measurement procedures, thereby ensuring the uniformity of measurements of nutritional value of food products.

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Nutritional, Sensory, Texture Properties and Volatile Compounds Profile of Biscuits with Roasted Flaxseed Flour Partially Substituting for Wheat Flour

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11114791 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 4791

Author(s):

Simona Maria Man ◽

Laura Stan ◽

Adriana Păucean ◽

Maria Simona Chiş ◽

Vlad Mureşan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wheat Flour ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Control Sample ◽

Positive Influence ◽

Partial Replacement ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Volatile Profile ◽

Texture Properties ◽

Flaxseed Flour ◽

Spread Factor

The study aimed at assessing effects of partial replacement (0–40%) of wheat flour with roasted flaxseed flour (RFSF) on the quality attributes of biscuits. Nutritional, antioxidative, volatile and sensory properties, as well as texture analysis and the contents of macroelements and microelement were studied. Increasing RFSF content in biscuits resulted in a significant increase (p < 0.05) in protein (from 8.35% to 10.77%), fat (from 15.19% to 28.34%) and ash (from 1.23% to 2.60%) while the hardness and spread factor of the biscuits decreased with the increased level of roasted flaxseed flour. Moreover, the addition of 40% RFSF registered a positive influence on the fibre content of the final baked biscuits, increasing its value about 6.7-fold than in the control sample. Total phenolic content, antioxidant activity and biscuits’ aroma volatile profile increased their amounts with RFSF addition. The nutritional, textural and sensorial results of the present study demonstrated that 25% RFSF could be added in the biscuits manufacturing without affecting the biscuits aftertaste, offering promising healthy and nutritious alternative to consumers.

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The Influence of the Addition of Nuts on the Thermal and Rheological Properties of Wheat Flour

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26133969 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (13) ◽

pp. 3969

Author(s):

Karolina Pycia ◽

Lesław Juszczak

Keyword(s):

Rheological Properties ◽

Wheat Flour ◽

Viscoelastic Properties ◽

Control Sample ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Creep And Recovery ◽

Research Material ◽

Pasting Characteristics ◽

Tan Δ ◽

Weak Gels

The aim of the study was to assess the influence of replacing wheat flour with hazelnuts or walnuts, in various amounts, on the thermal and rheological properties of the obtained systems. The research material were systems in which wheat flour was replaced with ground hazelnuts (H) or walnuts (W) in the amount of 5%, 10%, and 15%. The parameters of the thermodynamic gelatinization characteristics were determined by the differential scanning calorimetry method. In addition, the pasting characteristics were determined with the use of a viscosity analyzer and the viscoelastic properties were assessed. Sweep frequency and creep and recovery tests were used to assess the viscoelastic properties of the tested gels. It was found that replacing wheat flour with nuts increased the values of gelatinization temperature, gelatinization, and retrogradation enthalpy, and the degree of retrogradation. The highest viscosity was characteristic of the control sample (2039 mPa·s), and the lowest for the paste with 15% addition of walnuts (1120 mPa·s). Replacing the flour with nuts resulted in a very visible reduction in the viscosity of such systems. In addition, gels based on the systems with the addition of H and W were weak gels (tan δ = G″/G′ > 0.1), and the values of G′ and G″ parameters decreased with the increased share of nuts in the systems. Creep and recovery analysis indicated that the systems in which wheat flour was replaced with hazelnuts were less susceptible to deformation compared to the systems with the addition of W.

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Free wheat flour lipids decrease air-liquid interface stability in sponge cake batter

Food Research International ◽

10.1016/j.foodres.2020.110007 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 140 ◽

pp. 110007

Author(s):

Sarah C. Pycarelle ◽

Geertrui M. Bosmans ◽

Bram Pareyt ◽

Kristof Brijs ◽

Jan A. Delcour

Keyword(s):

Wheat Flour ◽

Liquid Interface ◽

Cake Batter ◽

Interface Stability ◽

Sponge Cake ◽

Air Liquid Interface

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USE OF MICRO-ALGAE SPIRULINA IN COMBINATION WITH GRAIN ENRICHING ADDITIVES IN THE FORMULATION OF BREAD FROM WHEAT FLOUR

Известия вузов. Пищевая технология ◽

10.26297/0579-3009.2020.1.6 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

А.А. ГРЯЗНОВ ◽

Ю.А. ЛЕТЯГО ◽

О.А. ГРЯЗНОВА ◽

Р.И. БЕЛКИНА

Keyword(s):

Wheat Flour ◽

Control Sample ◽

High Volume ◽

Barley Grain ◽

Wheat Bread ◽

Chemical Indicators ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

State Commission ◽

Three Samples

Исследовано влияние добавки микроводоросли спирулины в рецептуру хлеба из пшеничной муки, обогащенного обойной мукой из зерна ячменя сортов Гранал 32 и Нудум 95 и тритикале сорта Цекад 90, на показатели его качества. Размолотую до порошкообразного состояния спирулину в количестве 0,5 к массе муки вносили при замесе теста в три опытных образца: пшеничный хлеб, хлеб Гранал и Ясень , рецептуры которых были разработаны ранее. В качестве контрольного образца был хлеб из пшеничной муки высшего сорта без добавок. Лабораторную выпечку образцов хлеба проводили в соответствии с методикой госкомиссии по сортоиспытанию на лабораторном хлебопекарном оборудовании. В результате определения органолептических и физико-химических показателей качества готовой продукции установлено, что добавка спирулины к пшеничной муке повышает пористость мякиша хлеба и увеличивает его объем до 546 см3, что на 18 см3 больше, чем в контрольном образце. Достаточно высокий объем 494 см3 имел образец хлеба, в рецептуру которого входит ячменная мука с добавлением спирулины. Внесение спирулины в рецептуру существенно не повлияло на показатели влажности (4346) и кислотности хлеба, которые в опытных образцах соответствуют нормативам ГОСТ 2698786 на хлеб из пшеничной муки. Самую высокую общую оценку 4,2 балла по пятибалльной шкале получил образец хлеба с добавлением к пшеничной муке порошка спирулины. The effect of the addition of spirulina microalgae in the formulation of bread from wheat flour enriched with wholemeal flour from barley grain varieties Granal 32 and Nudum 95 and triticale varieties Tsekad 90, on the indicators of its quality has been studied. Spirulina ground to a powdered state in an amount of 0,5 by weight of flour was introduced when kneading the dough into the formulations of three samples: wheat bread, bread Granal and Yasen , the formulations of which were developed earlier. Bread from wheat flour of the highest grade without additives was as a control sample. Laboratory baking of bread samples was carried out in accordance with the methodology of the state Commission for variety testing on laboratory baking equipment. As a result of the determination of organoleptic and physico-chemical indicators of the quality of the finished product, it was found that the addition of spirulina to wheat flour increases the porosity of the bread crumb and increases its volume to 546 cm3, which is 18 cm3 more than in the control sample. A sample of bread, the formulation of which includes barley flour with the addition of spirulina, had a sufficiently high volume 494 cm3. Adding spirulina to the formulation did not significantly affect the moisture content (4346) and acidity of bread, which in the prototypes correspond to the standards of GOST 2698786 for bread made of wheat flour. A sample of bread with spirulina powder added to wheat flour had the highest overall score 4б2 points on a five-point scale.

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