mGluR5 receptor availability is associated with lower levels of negative symptoms and better cognition in male patients with chronic schizophrenia

In a sample of 120 long-stay in-patients who fulfilled DSM–III–R criteria for schizophrenia, chronic akathisia and pseudoakathisia were relatively common, with prevalence figures of 24% and 18%, respectively. Compared with patients without evidence of chronic akathisia, those patients with the condition were significantly younger, were receiving significantly higher doses of antipsychotic medication, and were more likely to be receiving a depot antipsychotic. Patients who experienced the characteristic inner restlessness and compulsion to move of akathisia also reported marked symptoms of dysphoria, namely tension, panic, irritability and impatience. The findings support the suggestion that dysphoric mood is an important feature of akathisia. Male patients appeared to be at an increased risk of pseudoakathisia. No significant relation was found between chronic akathisia and tardive dyskinesia, although there was a trend for trunk and limb dyskinesia to be commonest in patients with chronic akathisia while orofacial dyskinesia was most frequently observed in those with pseudoakathisia. Akathisia may mask the movements of tardive dyskinesia in the lower limb. There was no evidence that akathisia was associated with positive or negative symptoms of schizophrenia nor with depression.

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Tardive Dyskinesia and Type II Schizophrenia

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.160.2.253 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 160 (2) ◽

pp. 253-256 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Elizabeth J. B. Davis ◽

Milind Borde ◽

L. N. Sharma

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Negative Symptoms ◽

Chronic Schizophrenia ◽

Thought Disorder ◽

Control Group ◽

Positive Symptoms ◽

Type Ii ◽

Formal Thought Disorder ◽

Schizophrenic Patients ◽

Male Patients

Cognitive impairment, negative and positive symptoms, primitive release reflexes, and age/temporal disorientation were assessed in 20 male patients meeting the DSM–III–R criteria for chronic schizophrenia and Schooler & Kane's criteria for TD. The control group comprised 20 age-matched male chronic schizophrenic patients without TD. Significant associations were found between TD, cognitive impairment, some negative symptoms, and formal thought disorder. These associations were independent of other illness and treatment variables. The severity of TD correlated significantly with that of cognitive impairment.

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Brain-Derived Neurotropic Factor Serum Level and Severity Symptom of Bataknese Male Patients with Schizophrenia in North Sumatera, Indonesia

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2019.550 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (12) ◽

pp. 1957-1961

Author(s):

Deasy Hendriati ◽

Elemeida Effendy ◽

Mustafa Mahfud Amin ◽

Vita Camellia ◽

Muhammad Surya Husada

Keyword(s):

Serum Level ◽

Negative Correlation ◽

Symptom Severity ◽

Negative Symptoms ◽

Chronic Schizophrenia ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Syndrome Scale ◽

Male Patients ◽

Negative Syndrome

BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder that is multi-causative and multi-factor, generally affecting about 1% of the population. The elevation level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) offers several protections from other neurodegenerative processes that occur in schizophrenia since this deficit of neurotrophic factors can contribute to changes in brain structure and function that underlie the schizophrenia psychopathology.AIM: To analyse the correlation between BDNF serum levels and symptom severity by using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) instrument in Bataknese male patients with schizophreniaMETHODS: This study was a correlative analytical study with a cross-sectional approach using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) instrument to assess symptom severity with 60 subjects of Bataknese male patients with chronic schizophrenia. Moreover, this research was conducted at the Psychiatric Hospital of Prof. Dr M. Ildrem Medan, Indonesia. BDNF serum was analysed with the Quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay technique by via Quantikine ELISA Human CXCL8/IL-8 HS. Also, the data analysis was performed through Spearman's correlative bivariate analytics using SPSS software.RESULTS: A negative correlation between the BDNF serum level and the negative scale PANSS score in men with schizophrenia (r = -0.820, p < 0.001) was found. Moreover, there is a negative correlation between BDNF serum levels and PANSS total scores in men with schizophrenia (r = -0.648, p < 0.001)CONCLUSION: BDNF serum level in Bataknese male patients with schizophrenia has a relationship that affects the severity of symptoms in schizophrenic patients, especially for negative symptoms.

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Association between serum testosterone levels and the severity of negative symptoms in male patients with chronic schizophrenia

Psychoneuroendocrinology ◽

10.1016/j.psyneuen.2007.02.002 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 32 (4) ◽

pp. 385-391 ◽

Cited By ~ 54

Author(s):

Young-Hoon Ko ◽

Sung-Won Jung ◽

Sook-Haeng Joe ◽

Chang-Hyun Lee ◽

Hyun-Gang Jung ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Negative Symptoms ◽

Serum Testosterone ◽

Chronic Schizophrenia ◽

Testosterone Levels ◽

Male Patients

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Correlation between testosterone, gonadotropins and prolactin and severity of negative symptoms in male patients with chronic schizophrenia

Schizophrenia Research ◽

10.1016/j.schres.2006.02.008 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 84 (2-3) ◽

pp. 405-410 ◽

Cited By ~ 91

Author(s):

Shahin Akhondzadeh ◽

Farzin Rezaei ◽

Bagher Larijani ◽

Ali-Akbar Nejatisafa ◽

Ladan Kashani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Negative Symptoms ◽

Chronic Schizophrenia ◽

Male Patients

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Do people with schizophrenia display theory of mind deficits in clinical interactions?

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291703001338 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 401-412 ◽

Cited By ~ 63

Author(s):

R. McCABE ◽

I. LEUDAR ◽

C. ANTAKI

Keyword(s):

Theory Of Mind ◽

Mental Health Professionals ◽

Negative Symptoms ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Chronic Schizophrenia ◽

Mental States ◽

Behaviour Therapy ◽

Cognitive Behaviour ◽

Clinical Interactions ◽

Therapy Sessions

Background. Having a ‘theory of mind’ (ToM) means that one appreciates one's own and others' mental states, and that this appreciation guides interactions with others. It has been proposed that ToM is impaired in schizophrenia and experimental studies show that patients with schizophrenia have problems with ToM, particularly during acute episodes. The model predicts that communicative problems will result from ToM deficits.Method. We analysed 35 encounters (>80 h of recordings) between mental health professionals and people with chronic schizophrenia (out-patient consultations and cognitive behaviour therapy sessions) using conversation analysis in order to identify how the participants used or failed to use ToM relevant skills in social interaction.Results. Schizophrenics with ongoing positive and negative symptoms appropriately reported first and second order mental states of others and designed their contributions to conversations on the basis of what they thought their communicative partners knew and intended. Patients recognized that others do not share their delusions and attempted to reconcile others' beliefs with their own but problems arose when they try to warrant their delusional claims. They did not make the justification for their claim understandable for their interlocutor. Nevertheless, they did not fail to recognize that the justification for their claim is unconvincing. However, the ensuing disagreement did not lead them to modify their beliefs.Conclusions. Individuals with schizophrenia demonstrated intact ToM skills in conversational interactions. Psychotic beliefs persisted despite the realization they are not shared but not because patients cannot reflect on them and compare them with what others believe.

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Effects of verapamil administration on negative symptoms of chronic schizophrenia

Psychiatry Research ◽

10.1016/0165-1781(88)90027-3 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 351-352 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Sarita B. Uhr ◽

Karen Jackson ◽

Philip A. Berger ◽

John G. Csernansky

Keyword(s):

Negative Symptoms ◽

Chronic Schizophrenia

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The Associations between COMT and MAO-B Genetic Variants with Negative Symptoms in Patients with Schizophrenia

Current Issues in Molecular Biology ◽

10.3390/cimb43020045 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 618-636

Author(s):

Zoran Madzarac ◽

Lucija Tudor ◽

Marina Sagud ◽

Gordana Nedic Erjavec ◽

Alma Mihaljevic Peles ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variants ◽

Negative Symptoms ◽

Type B ◽

Social Anhedonia ◽

Mao B ◽

Comt Activity ◽

Striatal Dopamine Release ◽

Heavy Burden ◽

Specific Increase ◽

Male Patients

Negative symptoms of schizophrenia, including anhedonia, represent a heavy burden on patients and their relatives. These symptoms are associated with cortical hypodopamynergia and impaired striatal dopamine release in response to reward stimuli. Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) and monoamine oxidase type B (MAO-B) degrade dopamine and affect its neurotransmission. The study determined the association between COMT rs4680 and rs4818, MAO-B rs1799836 and rs6651806 polymorphisms, the severity of negative symptoms, and physical and social anhedonia in schizophrenia. Sex-dependent associations were detected in a research sample of 302 patients with schizophrenia. In female patients with schizophrenia, the presence of the G allele or GG genotype of COMT rs4680 and rs4818, as well as GG haplotype rs4818-rs4680, which were all related to higher COMT activity, was associated with an increase in several dimensions of negative symptoms and anhedonia. In male patients with schizophrenia, carriers of the MAO-B rs1799836 A allele, presumably associated with higher MAO-B activity, had a higher severity of alogia, while carriers of the A allele of the MAO-B rs6651806 had a higher severity of negative symptoms. These findings suggest that higher dopamine degradation, associated with COMT and MAO-B genetic variants, is associated with a sex-specific increase in the severity of negative symptoms in schizophrenia patients.

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Sub-syndromes of tardive dyskinesia and some clinical correlates

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291700038496 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 923-927 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

K. W. Brown ◽

T. White

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Tardive Dyskinesia ◽

Movement Disorder ◽

Principal Components Analysis ◽

Principal Components ◽

Negative Symptoms ◽

Chronic Schizophrenia ◽

Clinical Correlates ◽

Facial Movements ◽

Components Analysis

SynopsisSyndromes of dyskinetic movements in subjects (N = 70) with chronic schizophrenia were investigated, using principal components analysis of AIMS ratings. Consonant with previous research, three discrete groupings were found, namely dyskinetic movements of lips-jaw-tongue, limb-truncal and facial movements. These were then related to demographic, psychological and movement disorder variables. The limb-truncal, but neither the lips-jaw-tongue nor facial movements components, were associated with negative symptoms and cognitive impairment.

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Panic Attacks in Chronic Schizophrenia

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.157.3.430 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 157 (3) ◽

pp. 430-433 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

Nicholas Argyle

Keyword(s):

Maintenance Therapy ◽

Social Phobia ◽

Negative Symptoms ◽

Chronic Schizophrenia ◽

Panic Attacks ◽

Psychotic Symptoms ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Of 20 patients attending a clinic for maintenance therapy of schizophrenia, seven had regular panic attacks, and these were often associated with agoraphobia and social phobia. Similar fears and avoidance in other cases were associated with paranoid ideas and negative symptoms. The relationship of panic to psychotic symptoms varied greatly. In two patients neuroleptics were associated with an increase in panic attacks.

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