Akathisia: Prevalence and Associated Dysphoria in an In-patient Population with Chronic Schizophrenia

1994 ◽  
Vol 164 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon M. Halstead ◽  
Thomas R. E. Barnes ◽  
Jeremy C. Speller
Keyword(s):  
Tardive Dyskinesia ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Orofacial Dyskinesia ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Depot Antipsychotic ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Higher Doses ◽  
Dysphoric Mood

In a sample of 120 long-stay in-patients who fulfilled DSM–III–R criteria for schizophrenia, chronic akathisia and pseudoakathisia were relatively common, with prevalence figures of 24% and 18%, respectively. Compared with patients without evidence of chronic akathisia, those patients with the condition were significantly younger, were receiving significantly higher doses of antipsychotic medication, and were more likely to be receiving a depot antipsychotic. Patients who experienced the characteristic inner restlessness and compulsion to move of akathisia also reported marked symptoms of dysphoria, namely tension, panic, irritability and impatience. The findings support the suggestion that dysphoric mood is an important feature of akathisia. Male patients appeared to be at an increased risk of pseudoakathisia. No significant relation was found between chronic akathisia and tardive dyskinesia, although there was a trend for trunk and limb dyskinesia to be commonest in patients with chronic akathisia while orofacial dyskinesia was most frequently observed in those with pseudoakathisia. Akathisia may mask the movements of tardive dyskinesia in the lower limb. There was no evidence that akathisia was associated with positive or negative symptoms of schizophrenia nor with depression.

Sub-syndromes of tardive dyskinesia and some clinical correlates

1992 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 923-927 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. W. Brown ◽  
T. White
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Tardive Dyskinesia ◽  
Movement Disorder ◽  
Principal Components Analysis ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Clinical Correlates ◽  
Facial Movements ◽  
Components Analysis

SynopsisSyndromes of dyskinetic movements in subjects (N = 70) with chronic schizophrenia were investigated, using principal components analysis of AIMS ratings. Consonant with previous research, three discrete groupings were found, namely dyskinetic movements of lips-jaw-tongue, limb-truncal and facial movements. These were then related to demographic, psychological and movement disorder variables. The limb-truncal, but neither the lips-jaw-tongue nor facial movements components, were associated with negative symptoms and cognitive impairment.

scholarly journals mGluR5 receptor availability is associated with lower levels of negative symptoms and better cognition in male patients with chronic schizophrenia

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (10) ◽  
pp. 2762-2781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudia Régio Brambilla ◽  
Tanja Veselinović ◽  
Ravichandran Rajkumar ◽  
Jörg Mauler ◽  
Linda Orth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Male Patients

Tardive Dyskinesia and Type II Schizophrenia

1992 ◽  
Vol 160 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth J. B. Davis ◽  
Milind Borde ◽  
L. N. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Thought Disorder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Formal Thought Disorder ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Male Patients

Cognitive impairment, negative and positive symptoms, primitive release reflexes, and age/temporal disorientation were assessed in 20 male patients meeting the DSM–III–R criteria for chronic schizophrenia and Schooler & Kane's criteria for TD. The control group comprised 20 age-matched male chronic schizophrenic patients without TD. Significant associations were found between TD, cognitive impairment, some negative symptoms, and formal thought disorder. These associations were independent of other illness and treatment variables. The severity of TD correlated significantly with that of cognitive impairment.

Late Onset Involuntary Movements in Chronic Schizophrenia: Relationship of ‘Tardive’ Dyskinesia to Intellectual Impairment and Negative Symptoms

1986 ◽  
Vol 149 (5) ◽  
pp. 616-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Waddington ◽  
H. A. Youssef
Keyword(s):  
Tardive Dyskinesia ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Intellectual Impairment ◽  
Medication History ◽  
Involuntary Movements ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Relationship Of

Intellectual impairment, negative symptoms, and medication history were assessed in chronic schizophrenic patients with and without abnormal involuntary movements (tardive dyskinesia). Patients with involuntary movements had received neither longer nor more intensive treatment with neuroleptics or anticholinergics. However, the presence or absence of involuntary movements was prominently associated with the presence or absence of intellectual impairment/negative symptoms; these features are characteristic of the defect state/type II syndrome of schizophrenia, in which structural abnormalities of the brain may be over-represented. The role of subtle organic changes in conferring vulnerability to the emergence of such involuntary movements should be re-evaluated.

scholarly journals Brain-Derived Neurotropic Factor Serum Level and Severity Symptom of Bataknese Male Patients with Schizophrenia in North Sumatera, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 1957-1961
Author(s):  
Deasy Hendriati ◽  
Elemeida Effendy ◽  
Mustafa Mahfud Amin ◽  
Vita Camellia ◽  
Muhammad Surya Husada
Keyword(s):  
Serum Level ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Negative Syndrome

BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder that is multi-causative and multi-factor, generally affecting about 1% of the population. The elevation level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) offers several protections from other neurodegenerative processes that occur in schizophrenia since this deficit of neurotrophic factors can contribute to changes in brain structure and function that underlie the schizophrenia psychopathology.AIM: To analyse the correlation between BDNF serum levels and symptom severity by using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) instrument in Bataknese male patients with schizophreniaMETHODS: This study was a correlative analytical study with a cross-sectional approach using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) instrument to assess symptom severity with 60 subjects of Bataknese male patients with chronic schizophrenia. Moreover, this research was conducted at the Psychiatric Hospital of Prof. Dr M. Ildrem Medan, Indonesia. BDNF serum was analysed with the Quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay technique by via Quantikine ELISA Human CXCL8/IL-8 HS. Also, the data analysis was performed through Spearman's correlative bivariate analytics using SPSS software.RESULTS: A negative correlation between the BDNF serum level and the negative scale PANSS score in men with schizophrenia (r = -0.820, p < 0.001) was found. Moreover, there is a negative correlation between BDNF serum levels and PANSS total scores in men with schizophrenia (r = -0.648, p < 0.001)CONCLUSION: BDNF serum level in Bataknese male patients with schizophrenia has a relationship that affects the severity of symptoms in schizophrenic patients, especially for negative symptoms.

Association between serum testosterone levels and the severity of negative symptoms in male patients with chronic schizophrenia

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young-Hoon Ko ◽  
Sung-Won Jung ◽  
Sook-Haeng Joe ◽  
Chang-Hyun Lee ◽  
Hyun-Gang Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Male Patients

Negative Symptoms, Tardive Dyskinesia and Depression in Chronic Schizophrenia

1989 ◽  
Vol 155 (S7) ◽  
pp. 99-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas R.E. Barnes ◽  
Peter F. Liddle ◽  
David A. Curson ◽  
Meena Patel
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Tardive Dyskinesia ◽  
Movement Disorder ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Negative Syndrome ◽  
The Relationship

The existence of a definable and distinct negative syndrome within schizophrenia remains to be established (Barnes & Liddle, 1989). Addressing this issue, Sommers (1985) discusses three stages required to demonstrate validity for a syndrome. These are first, that the signs and symptoms must be shown to occur together. Second, operational definitions must be developed which will reliably identify and rate and features, and third, the relationships between the syndrome and other variables must be shown to be predictable. With respect to the second and third stages, this paper reports briefly on two recent studies which explored the relationship between negative features and other clinical features, specifically depressive symptoms and drug-induced movement disorder. The results of such studies (see also McKenna et al; and Lindenmayer & Kay, this volume) allow some assessment of the ability of the rating methods used to discriminate between negative symptoms and features such as drug-related bradykinesia and depressive features.

Smoking and tardive dyskinesia in male patients with chronic schizophrenia

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 1765-1769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Yang Zhang ◽  
Ya Qin Yu ◽  
Shilong Sun ◽  
Xuan Zhang ◽  
Wenjun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tardive Dyskinesia ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Male Patients

Correlation between testosterone, gonadotropins and prolactin and severity of negative symptoms in male patients with chronic schizophrenia

2006 ◽  
Vol 84 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 405-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahin Akhondzadeh ◽  
Farzin Rezaei ◽  
Bagher Larijani ◽  
Ali-Akbar Nejatisafa ◽  
Ladan Kashani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Male Patients

Cognitive dysfunction in chronic schizophrenia followed prospectively over 10 years and its longitudinal relationship to the emergence of tardive dyskinesia

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 681-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Waddington ◽  
Hanafy A. Youssef
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Tardive Dyskinesia ◽  
Movement Disorder ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Orofacial Dyskinesia ◽  
Significant Deterioration ◽  
Function Change

SynopsisBasic cognitive function was assessed at initial and at 5- and 10-year follow-up assessments among 41 primarily middle-aged in-patients manifesting the severest form of schizophrenia; additionally, the presence and severity of tardive dyskinesia was evaluated on each occasion. Overall, there was a modest but significant deterioration in cognitive function over the decade, particularly among older men. Longitudinally, patients with persistent tardive (orofacial) dyskinesia continued to show poorer cognitive function than those consistently without such movement disorder, though within neither group did cognitive function change over the decade. Those patients demonstrating prospectively the emergence of orofacial dyskinesia showed a marked deterioration in their cognitive function over the same time-frame within which their movement disorder emerged, but this decline did not progress further thereafter. There appears to exist some modest, progressive deterioration in cognitive function even late in the chronic phase of severe schizophrenic illness which appears to derive primarily from patients showing de novo emergence of tardive orofacial dyskinesia.

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