scholarly journals Brain-Derived Neurotropic Factor Serum Level and Severity Symptom of Bataknese Male Patients with Schizophrenia in North Sumatera, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 1957-1961
Author(s):  
Deasy Hendriati ◽  
Elemeida Effendy ◽  
Mustafa Mahfud Amin ◽  
Vita Camellia ◽  
Muhammad Surya Husada
Keyword(s):  
Serum Level ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Negative Syndrome

BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder that is multi-causative and multi-factor, generally affecting about 1% of the population. The elevation level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) offers several protections from other neurodegenerative processes that occur in schizophrenia since this deficit of neurotrophic factors can contribute to changes in brain structure and function that underlie the schizophrenia psychopathology.AIM: To analyse the correlation between BDNF serum levels and symptom severity by using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) instrument in Bataknese male patients with schizophreniaMETHODS: This study was a correlative analytical study with a cross-sectional approach using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) instrument to assess symptom severity with 60 subjects of Bataknese male patients with chronic schizophrenia. Moreover, this research was conducted at the Psychiatric Hospital of Prof. Dr M. Ildrem Medan, Indonesia. BDNF serum was analysed with the Quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay technique by via Quantikine ELISA Human CXCL8/IL-8 HS. Also, the data analysis was performed through Spearman's correlative bivariate analytics using SPSS software.RESULTS: A negative correlation between the BDNF serum level and the negative scale PANSS score in men with schizophrenia (r = -0.820, p < 0.001) was found. Moreover, there is a negative correlation between BDNF serum levels and PANSS total scores in men with schizophrenia (r = -0.648, p < 0.001)CONCLUSION: BDNF serum level in Bataknese male patients with schizophrenia has a relationship that affects the severity of symptoms in schizophrenic patients, especially for negative symptoms.

scholarly journals Increased plasma leptin as a novel predictor for psychopathological depressive symptoms in chronic schizophrenia

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. e100018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinjie Xu ◽  
Yumei Jiao ◽  
Mengjuan Xing ◽  
Yezhe Lin ◽  
Yousong Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Plasma Leptin ◽  
Negative Syndrome

BackgroundDepressive symptoms are often seen in schizophrenia. The overlap in presentation makes it difficult to distinguish depressive symptoms from the negative symptoms of schizophrenia. The adipokine leptin was found to be altered in both depression and schizophrenia. There are few studies focusing on the prediction of leptin in diagnosis and evaluation of depressive symptoms in schizophrenia.ObjectiveAimsTo assess the plasma leptin level in patients with schizophrenia and its relationships with depressive symptoms.MethodsCross-sectional studies were applied to (1) compare the levels of plasma leptin between schizophrenia (n=74) and healthy controls (n=50); and (2) investigate the relationship between plasma leptin levels and depressive subscores.Results(1) Plasma leptin levels were significantly higher in patients with schizophrenia than in healthy controls. (2) Correlation analysis revealed a significant negative association between leptin levels and the depressed factor scores on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). (3) Stepwise multiple regression analyses identified leptin as an influencing factor for depressed factor score on PANSS.ConclusionLeptin may serve as a predictor for the depressive symptoms of chronic schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Nicotine dependence and illness severity in schizophrenia

2012 ◽  
Vol 201 (4) ◽  
pp. 306-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajeev Krishnadas ◽  
Sameer Jauhar ◽  
Susan Telfer ◽  
Somashekara Shivashankar ◽  
Robin G. McCreadie
Keyword(s):  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Never Smokers ◽  
Negative Syndrome ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Higher Doses

BackgroundReasons for the increased prevalence of cigarette smoking in schizophrenia are unclear. Studies assessing clinical symptoms have sampled heterogeneous populations, with discrepant findings.AimsTo examine the relationship between clinical features, social adjustment and nicotine dependence in a geographically defined population of people with schizophrenia.MethodCross-sectional clinical study of 131 people with schizophrenia in Nithsdale, Scotland.ResultsSmokers were younger, mostly males and three times more likely to be unemployed. Those with severe nicotine dependence had greater scores on the positive subscale of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), and were prescribed higher doses of antipsychotic. Those with mild–moderate dependence had greater scores on the PANSS negative subscale. Greater symptom severity was associated with poorer social adjustment. Psychopathology and social adjustment were similar in quitters and never-smokers.ConclusionsOur findings indicate an association between nicotine dependence, clinical symptoms and social adjustment in schizophrenia. Although causal links cannot be inferred, identifying the relationship between nicotine dependence and psychopathology may have some value in the management of smoking in schizophrenia. Further longitudinal studies are required to explore this relationship.

scholarly journals The Relation of Brain-Derived Neurotropic Factor (BDNF) Serum Level to Sub-Domain Cognitive Functions of Indonesian Schizophrenia Patients Measured by MoCA-Ina

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (23) ◽  
pp. 4053-4058
Author(s):  
Nurul Utami ◽  
Elmeida Effendy ◽  
Mustafa Amin
Keyword(s):  
Serum Level ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Attention And Memory ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Neurotropic Factor ◽  
Sandwich Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
Positive And Negative Symptoms

BACKGROUND: BDNF implies to the development of abnormal nerves and neurotransmission that occurred during the changes of cognitive functions. However, in determining initial diagnosis of schizophrenia, measurements focus on the presences of positive and negative symptoms, and general psychopathological features without concerning the BDNF serum, which involves in central nervous system as the main symptom of schizophrenia. AIM: To determine the relation of BDNF serum level to cognitive functions of schizophrenia patients based on sub-domain of Montreal Cognitive Assessment Indonesia Version (MoCA-Ina) METHODS: This study was carried out based on observational analysis with cross-sectional design study. The samples were collected by non-probability sampling and consecutive sampling by recruiting 65 of male schizophrenia patients at Prof. Dr. M. Ildrem Mental Hospital, Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia. BDNF serum levels were analysed throughout quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay method, while the cognitive functions were conducted by performing the MoCA-Ina, which concern to attentions and concentrations, executive function, memory, languages, visuoconstructional abilities, numerical calculation, and orientation. RESULTS: The serum level of BDNF was accounted averagely for 27161.26, with 5350.37 of standard deviation. There was positive correlation with medium strength (r = 0.4 - < 0.6) in visuospatial function, attention (r = 0.437), and memory (r = 0.413). CONCLUSION: Relation between BDNF serum level and cognitive function occurred in visuospatial, attention and memory domains based on MoCA-Ina assessment.

scholarly journals Prevalence and correlates of antipsychotic polypharmacy among outpatients with schizophrenia attending a tertiary psychiatric facility in Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nosa Godwin Igbinomwanhia ◽  
Sunday Osasu Olotu ◽  
Bawo Onesirosan James
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Global Assessment Of Functioning ◽  
Psychiatric Facility ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Negative Syndrome

Background: The study aimed to determine the prevalence, pattern and correlates of antipsychotic polypharmacy (APP) among outpatients with schizophrenia attending a tertiary psychiatric facility in Nigeria. Method: A cross-sectional study of 250 patients with schizophrenia attending the outpatient clinic of a regional tertiary psychiatric facility in Nigeria was undertaken. They were administered a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale and the Liverpool University Side Effects Rating Scale (LUNSERS). Results: Of the 250 subjects interviewed, 176 (70.4%) were on APP. APP was significantly associated with higher prescribed chlorpromazine equivalent doses of antipsychotics ( p < 0.001), increased frequency of dosing ( p < 0.001), negative symptoms ( p < 0.01), poorer functioning ( p = 0.04) and greater side-effect burden ( p = 0.04). Conclusion: The APP rate reported from this study is high. Clinicians should be mindful of its impact on dosage and side-effect profiles as APP use is associated with negative symptoms and poor psychosocial functioning.

Acute and Long-term Memantine Add-on Treatment to Risperidone Improves Cognitive Dysfunction in Patients with Acute and Chronic Schizophrenia

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (01) ◽  
pp. 21-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Schaefer ◽  
Susanne Sarkar ◽  
Ines Theophil ◽  
Karolina Leopold ◽  
Andreas Heinz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Immediate Memory ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Negative Syndrome

Abstract Introduction Patients with schizophrenia are mainly characterized by negative symptoms and cognitive dysfunction. In this proof-of-concept study we tested effects on cognition and negative symptoms of a 6- or 24-week memantine add-on treatment to risperidone in patients with acute or chronic schizophrenia. Materials and Methods Patients with an acute episode of schizophrenia (n=11) and predominating positive symptoms were randomized to a 6-week add-on treatment with memantine (10 mg twice a day) versus placebo and patients with chronic schizophrenia (n=13) and negative symptoms were randomized to a 24-week add-on treatment with memantine (10 mg twice a day) versus placebo. All patients received antipsychotic medication with risperidone (2–8 mg/day). Psychopathological changes were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) at baseline and after 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24 weeks. Cognitive function was measured at baseline, after 6 weeks, and 24 weeks. Results Patients with acute schizophrenia who received add-on treatment with memantine showed a significantly higher performance in attention intensity (p=0.043), problem-solving (p=0.043), verbal learning (p=0.050), and flexibility (p=0.049). Patients with chronic schizophrenia showed a significantly higher immediate memory in the memantine group compared to the placebo group (p=0.033) and a significantly greater reduction of the PANSS sum score if compared to the placebo group. Discussions Our study gives further evidence that memantine add-on treatment to risperidone may have neuroprotective effects and improve cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia. ClinicalTrials.gov Number: NCT00148590 and NCT00148616.

Sinistrality in subtypes of schizophrenia

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 272-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Dollfus ◽  
Jacqueline A. Buijsrogge ◽  
Karim Benali ◽  
Pascal Delamillieure ◽  
Perrine Brazo
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Language Disorders ◽  
Normal Process ◽  
Deficit Syndrome ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Negative Syndrome ◽  
Hemisphere Specialization

SummarySinistrality, characterized by an excess of non-right-handedness, has been reported in schizophrenic patients, but the findings are controversial.Aim.As sinistrality could be linked to a failure of hemisphere specialization in schizophrenia that would translate into language disorders, sinistrality was found out in disorganized and positive schizophrenic patients characterized by language disorders.Methods.Seventy-three schizophrenic patients (DSM IV) and 81 controls were evaluated with the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory (EHI). Patients were evaluated and classified into five subtypes (deficit, positive, disorganized, mixed and residual) with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and the Schedule for the Deficit Syndrome.Results.Disorganized patients had a significantly more severe sinistrality in comparison to the deficit, residual and mixed subtypes and controls. A negative correlation was found between the disorganization and the EHI scores (r = – 0.34; P < 0.01). A significantly more severe sinistrality was also observed in the positive subtype in comparison to controls, but there was no correlation between hallucinatory and EHI scores (r = 0.06).Conclusion.The findings provided further evidence that the defects in the normal process of lateralization observed in schizophrenia affects primarily disorganized patients.

Akathisia: Prevalence and Associated Dysphoria in an In-patient Population with Chronic Schizophrenia

1994 ◽  
Vol 164 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon M. Halstead ◽  
Thomas R. E. Barnes ◽  
Jeremy C. Speller
Keyword(s):  
Tardive Dyskinesia ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Orofacial Dyskinesia ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Depot Antipsychotic ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Higher Doses ◽  
Dysphoric Mood

In a sample of 120 long-stay in-patients who fulfilled DSM–III–R criteria for schizophrenia, chronic akathisia and pseudoakathisia were relatively common, with prevalence figures of 24% and 18%, respectively. Compared with patients without evidence of chronic akathisia, those patients with the condition were significantly younger, were receiving significantly higher doses of antipsychotic medication, and were more likely to be receiving a depot antipsychotic. Patients who experienced the characteristic inner restlessness and compulsion to move of akathisia also reported marked symptoms of dysphoria, namely tension, panic, irritability and impatience. The findings support the suggestion that dysphoric mood is an important feature of akathisia. Male patients appeared to be at an increased risk of pseudoakathisia. No significant relation was found between chronic akathisia and tardive dyskinesia, although there was a trend for trunk and limb dyskinesia to be commonest in patients with chronic akathisia while orofacial dyskinesia was most frequently observed in those with pseudoakathisia. Akathisia may mask the movements of tardive dyskinesia in the lower limb. There was no evidence that akathisia was associated with positive or negative symptoms of schizophrenia nor with depression.

scholarly journals mGluR5 receptor availability is associated with lower levels of negative symptoms and better cognition in male patients with chronic schizophrenia

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (10) ◽  
pp. 2762-2781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudia Régio Brambilla ◽  
Tanja Veselinović ◽  
Ravichandran Rajkumar ◽  
Jörg Mauler ◽  
Linda Orth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Male Patients

scholarly journals Relationship of Zinc and Magnesium Serum Levels with Postpartum Depression in Tabriz-Iran

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Edalati-Fard ◽  
Mojgan Mirghafourvand ◽  
Sakineh Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi ◽  
Azizeh Farshbaf-Khalili
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Depression Score ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Relationship Of

<p><strong>OBJECTIVE:</strong> According to the World Health Organization, depression will be the second prevalent problem after ischemic heart diseases by the year 2020. Postpartum depression (PPD) as a major depressive episode has devastating impacts on the health of mother, newborn, infant, and even the whole family. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship of zinc and magnesium serum levels with PPD, as one of the commonly assumed causes of depression.</p><p><strong>METHODS:</strong> This cross-sectional study was done on 122 postpartum women aged 18 years and more in two educational hospitals and one non-educational hospital in Tabriz-Iran, 2015. The eligible women were selected using convenience sampling method. Then, the demographic characteristics questionnaire and Edinburgh Depression Scale were completed by participants, and 5cc of blood sample was drawn from each participant. For data analysis, logistic regression test was used.</p><p><strong>RESULTS: </strong>The mean score of depression scale was 8.0 (SD: 4.7), meaning that 18.9% of mothers were depressed. Results indicated a significant inverse correlation between Edinburgh depression score and magnesium serum level (p= 0.001). However, there was no statistically significant relationship between the zinc serum level and Edinburgh depression score (p=0.831), in so far as based on logistic regression analysis, increased magnesium serum level decreased the odds of depression [Odds ratio: 0.05; CI 95%: 0.01 to 0.29].</p><p><strong>CONCLUSIONS:</strong> In this study, there was a significant inverse relationship between magnesium serum level and Edinburgh depression score.</p>

Amendment of traditional assessment measures for the negative symptoms of schizophrenia

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 50-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aida Farreny ◽  
Judith Usall ◽  
Jorge Cuevas-Esteban ◽  
Susana Ochoa ◽  
Gildas Brébion
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Illness Duration ◽  
Traditional Assessment ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Assessment Measures ◽  
Negative Syndrome ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractSchizophrenia research based on traditional assessment measures for negative symptoms appears to be, to some extent, unreliable. The limitations of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) have been extensively acknowledged and should be taken into account. The aim of this study is to show how the PANSS and the SANS conflate negative symptoms and cognition and to offer alternatives for the limitations found.MethodsA sample of 117 participants with schizophrenia from two independent studies was retrospectively investigated. Linear regression models were computed to explore the effect of negative symptoms and illness duration as predictors of cognitive performance.ResultsFor the PANSS, the item “abstract thinking” accounted for the association between negative symptoms and cognition. For the SANS, the “attention” subscale predicted the performance in verbal memory, but illness duration emerged as a stronger predictor than negative symptoms for outcomes of processing speed, verbal and working memory.ConclusionUtilizing alternative models to the traditional PANSS and SANS formats, and accounting for illness duration, provide more precise evidence on the relationship between negative symptoms and cognition. Since these measures are still extensively utilized, we recommend adopting more rigorous approaches to avoid misleading results.

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