A comparison of methods to estimate groundwater recharge from bare soil based on data observed by a large‐scale lysimeter

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (13) ◽  
pp. 2987-2999
Author(s):  
Zaiyong Zhang ◽  
Wenke Wang ◽  
Chengcheng Gong ◽  
Ming Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Comparison Of Methods

Sustainable Production of Honeydew and Muskmelon in Western Mexico

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 495d-495
Author(s):  
J. Farias-Larios ◽  
A. Michel-Rosales
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Western Mexico ◽  
First Results ◽  
Legume Cover Crop ◽  
Banana Leaves ◽  
Research Show

In Western Mexico, melon production depends on high-input systems to maximize yield and product quality. Tillage, plasticulture, fumigation with methyl bromide, and fertigation, are the principal management practices in these systems. However, at present several problems has been found: pests as sweetpotato whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Gennadius), aphids (Myzus and Aphis), leafminer (Liryomiza sativae); diseases as Fusarium, Verticilium, and Pseudoperenospora, and weeds demand high pesticide utilization and labor. There is a growing demand for alternative cultural practices, with an emphasis on reducing off-farm input labor and chemicals. Our research is based on use of organic mulches, such as: rice straw, mature maize leaves, banana leaves, sugarcane bagasse, coconut leaves, and living mulches with annual legume cover crop in melons with crop rotation, such as: Canavalia, Stilozobium, Crotalaria, and Clitoria species. Also, inoculations with mycorrhizal arbuscular fungi for honeydew and cantaloupe melon seedlings production are been assayed in greenhouse conditions for a transplant system. The use of life barriers with sorghum, marigold, and other aromatic native plants in conjunction with a colored yellow systems traps for monitoring pests is being studied as well. While that the pest control is based in commercial formulations of Beauveria bassiana for biological control. The first results of this research show that the Glomus intraradices, G. fasciculatum, G. etunicatum, and G. mosseae reached 38.5%, 33.5%, 27.0%, and 31.0% of root infection levels, respectively. Honeydew melons production with rice and corn straw mulches shows an beneficial effect with 113.30 and 111.20 kg/plot of 10 m2 compared with bare soil with 100.20 kg. The proposed system likely also lowers production cost and is applicable to small- and large-scale melon production.

Benchmark Comparison of Methods for Approximate Neighborhood Estimation of Road Segments in Large-Scale Traffic Networks

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athanasios I. Salamanis ◽  
George A. Gravvanis ◽  
Christos K. Filelis-Papadopoulos ◽  
Dimitrios Michail
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Traffic Networks ◽  
Comparison Of Methods ◽  
Road Segments

scholarly journals Improved representation of groundwater at a regional scale – coupling of mesocale Hydrologic Model (mHM) with OpeneGeoSys (OGS)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miao Jing ◽  
Falk Heße ◽  
Wenqing Wang ◽  
Thomas Fischer ◽  
Marc Walther ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Groundwater Modeling ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Hydrologic Model ◽  
Source Modeling ◽  
Prediction Ability ◽  
Groundwater Head

Abstract. Most of the current large scale hydrological models do not contain a physically-based groundwater flow component. The main difficulties in large-scale groundwater modeling include the efficient representation of unsaturated zone flow, the characterization of dynamic groundwater-surface water interaction and the numerical stability while preserving complex physical processes and high resolution. To address these problems, we propose a highly-scalable coupled hydrologic and groundwater model (mHM#OGS) based on the integration of two open-source modeling codes: the mesoscale hydrologic Model (mHM) and the finite element simulator OpenGeoSys (OGS). mHM#OGS is coupled using a boundary condition-based coupling scheme that dynamically links the surface and subsurface parts. Nested time stepping allows smaller time steps for typically faster surface runoff routing in mHM and larger time steps for slower subsurface flow in OGS. mHM#OGS features the coupling interface which can transfer the groundwater recharge and river baseflow rate between mHM and OpenGeoSys. Verification of the coupled model was conducted using the time-series of observed streamflow and groundwater levels. Moreover, we force the transient model using groundwater recharge in two scenarios: (1) spatially variable recharge based on the mHM simulations, and (2) spatially homogeneous groundwater recharge. The modeling result in first scenario has a slightly higher correlation with groundwater head time-series, which further validates the plausibility of spatial groundwater recharge distribution calculated by mHM in the mesocale. The statistical analysis of model predictions shows a promising prediction ability of the model. The offline coupling method implemented here can reproduce reasonable groundwater head time series while keep a desired level of detail in the subsurface model structure with little surplus in computational cost. Our exemplary calculations show that the coupled model mHM#OGS can be a valuable tool to assess the effects of variability in land surface heterogeneity, meteorological, topographical forces and geological zonation on the groundwater flow dynamics.

Spectral mapping of soil organic carbon

2021 ◽  
pp. 263-286
Author(s):  
Bas van Wesemael ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Spectral Mapping ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Surface Conditions ◽  
Spectral Models ◽  
Spectral Libraries ◽  
Bare Soils

This chapter first reviews recent pilot studies covering limited areas often with exposed bare soils. Then we focus on the challenges for large-scale application of spectral mapping when the soil and parent material are heterogeneous and surface conditions are unknown. In order to deal with these constraints we discuss i) calibration of spectral models based on large spectral libraries, ii) surface conditions that disturb the soil signal, and iii) time series of images in order to delimit cropland fields and increase the extent of bare soil that can be mapped. Finally, a case study deals with a SOC prediction map derived from the spectra of a Sentinel-2 image and calibrated using the LUCAS spectral library.

The long-term performance of Soil Aquifer Treatment (SAT) for effluent reuse

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 239-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Idelovitch ◽  
N. Icekson-Tal ◽  
O. Avraham ◽  
M. Michail
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Soil Aquifer Treatment ◽  
Ammonia Adsorption ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Effluent Reuse

An innovative scheme of groundwater recharge for wastewater effluent reuse has been practiced on a large scale in the Dan Region Project in Israel since 1977. The system, referred to as SAT (for Soil Aquifer Treatment), provides advanced treatment prior to effluent reuse for unrestricted irrigation. A major study recently carried out consisted of a comprehensive analysis of the water quality data available in the recharged effluent (before SAT), as well as in observation wells and recovery wells (after SAT). The results obtained with respect to suspended solids, organics and nutrients (nitrogen compounds and phosphorus) are presented and discussed. The main processes occurring in the soil-aquifer system, which are responsible for the removal of the above contaminants are filtration through the upper soil layer, organic matter biodegradation and adsorption, ammonia adsorption and biological nitirification-denitrification, and chemical precipitation and adsorption of phosphorus. The findings of the study have provided valuable information on the above processes and their interaction, and have demonstrated that the SAT system should be considered an attractive method for effluent reuse in areas where hydrogeological conditions are suitable for groundwater recharge via spreading basins.

Groundwater-recharge estimation in the Ordos Plateau, China: comparison of methods

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1563-1575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihe Yin ◽  
Guangcheng Hu ◽  
Jinting Huang ◽  
Dongguang Wen ◽  
Jiaqiu Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Comparison Of Methods ◽  
Ordos Plateau ◽  
Recharge Estimation

scholarly journals V2Karst V1.0: A parsimonious large-scale integrated vegetation-recharge model to simulate the impact of climate and land cover change in karst regions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanny Sarrazin ◽  
Andreas Hartmann ◽  
Francesca Pianosi ◽  
Thorsten Wagener
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Land Cover Change ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Synthetic Data ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Large Scale Assessment ◽  
Karst Areas ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Karst aquifers are an important source of drinking water in many regions of the world. Karst areas are highly permeable and produce large amounts of groundwater recharge, while surface runoff is typically negligible. As a result, recharge in these systems may have a different sensitivity to climate and land cover changes compared to other less permeable systems. However, little effort has been directed toward assessing the impact of climate and land cover change in karst areas at large-scales. In this study, we address this gap by (1) introducing the first large-scale hydrological model including an explicit representation of both karst and land cover properties, and by (2) analysing the model's recharge production behaviour. To achieve these points, we first improve the evapotranspiration estimation of a previous large-scale karst recharge model (VarKarst). The new model (V2Karst V1.0) includes a parsimonious representation of relevant ET processes for climate and land cover change impact studies. We demonstrate the plausibility of V2Karst simulations at carbonate rock FLUXNET sites using soft rules and global sensitivity analysis. Then, we use virtual experiments with synthetic data to assess the sensitivity of simulated recharge to precipitation characteristics and land cover. Results reveal how both vegetation and soil parameters control the model behaviour, and they suggest that simulated recharge is sensitive to both precipitation (overall amount and temporal distribution) and land cover. Large-scale assessment of future karst groundwater recharge should therefore consider the combined impact of changes in land cover and precipitation properties, if it is to produce realistic projections of future change impacts.

scholarly journals Landscape ecology and wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) habitat modeling in the Mediterranean region

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-283
Author(s):  
M. Narce ◽  
◽  
R. Meloni ◽  
T. Beroud ◽  
A. Pléney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Ecology ◽  
Landscape Structure ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Habitat Modeling ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Wild Rabbit ◽  
Landscape Modification ◽  
Transect Counts

Landscape modification is one of the reasons for the decrease in rabbit populations. The objective of this study was to model wild rabbit habitat using landscape ecology to create a diagnosis method able to assess habitat quality at a large scale. Rabbit presence/absence was recorded on 536 plots of 1 ha. Spotlight transect counts indicated a low relative abundance (KIA = 2.3 rabbits/km). We produced a land use map with metric precision using remote sensing. Water, bare soil, herbaceous, shrubs and trees were identified. Landscape structure and diversity were evaluated using variables available in FRAGSTATS. A logistic regression was performed to assess the link between rabbit presence/absence and landscape structure. Our results indicate that a suitable habitat has a high diversity, a medium number of patches and a small proportion of shrubs. These results could be used to diagnose the landscape prior to any management action to enhance rabbit populations and conversely be helpful as a tool of integrated control in the cases of local outbreaks with agricultural damages.

scholarly journals Predicting groundwater recharge for varying landcover and climate conditions: – a global meta-study

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinchu Mohan ◽  
Andrew W. Western ◽  
Yongping Wei ◽  
Margarita Saft
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Model Building ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Groundwater Potential ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Water Scarce

Abstract. Groundwater recharge is one of the important factors determining the groundwater development potential of an area. Even though recharge plays a key role in controlling groundwater system dynamics, much uncertainty remains regarding the relationships between groundwater recharge and its governing factors at a large scale. The aims of this study were to identify the most influential factors on groundwater recharge, and to develop an empirical model to estimate diffuse rainfall recharge at a global-scale. Recharge estimates reported in the literature from various parts of the world (715 sites) were compiled and used in model building and testing exercises. Unlike conventional recharge estimates from water balance, this study used a multimodel inference approach and information theory to explain the relation between groundwater recharge and influential factors, and to predict groundwater recharge at 0.50 resolution. The results show that meteorological factors (precipitation and potential evapotranspiration) and vegetation factors (land use and land cover) had the most predictive power for recharge. According to the model, long term global average annual recharge (1981–2014) was 134 mm/yr with a prediction error ranging from −8 mm/yr to 10 mm/yr for 97.2 % of cases. The recharge estimates presented in this study are unique and more reliable than the existing global groundwater recharge estimates because of the extensive validation carried out using both independent local estimates collated from the literature and national statistics from Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO). In a water scarce future driven by increased anthropogenic development, the results from this study will aid in making informed decision about groundwater potential at a large scale.

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