scholarly journals Large wood in river restoration: a case study on the effects on hydromorphology, biodiversity, and ecosystem functioning

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Anlanger ◽  
Katrin Attermeyer ◽  
Sandra Hille ◽  
Norbert Kamjunke ◽  
Katinka Koll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Functioning ◽  
River Restoration ◽  
Large Wood ◽  
Biodiversity And Ecosystem Functioning

scholarly journals Flow and wake characteristics associated with large wood to inform river restoration

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabella Schalko ◽  
Ellen Wohl ◽  
Heidi M. Nepf
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Suitability ◽  
River Restoration ◽  
Recirculation Zone ◽  
Habitat Diversity ◽  
Turbulence Level ◽  
Large Wood ◽  
River Ecosystem ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
Physical Model Tests ◽  
Channel Center

AbstractWood is an integral part of a river ecosystem and the number of restoration projects using log placements is increasing. Physical model tests were used to explore how the wood position and submergence level (discharge) affect wake structure, and hence the resulting habitat. We observed a von-Kármán vortex street (VS) for emergent logs placed at the channel center, while no VS formed for submerged logs, because the flow entering the wake from above the log (sweeping flow) inhibited VS formation. As a result, emergent logs placed at the channel center resulted in ten times higher turbulent kinetic energy compared to submerged logs. In addition, both spatial variation in time-mean velocity and turbulence level increased with increasing log length and decreasing submergence level. Submerged logs and logs placed at the channel side created a greater velocity deficit and a longer recirculation zone, both of which can increase the residence time in the wake and deposition of organic matter and nutrients. The results demonstrate that variation in log size and degree of submergence can be used as a tool to vary habitat suitability for different fish preferences. To maximize habitat diversity in rivers, we suggest a diverse large wood placement.

scholarly journals How effective is river restoration in re-establishing groundwater–surface water interactions? – A case study

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 2663-2672 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.-M. Kurth ◽  
C. Weber ◽  
M. Schirmer
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
River Restoration ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Urban Stream ◽  
Distributed Temperature Sensing ◽  
River Bed ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Restoration Measures

Abstract. In this study, we investigated whether river restoration was successful in re-establishing groundwater–surface water interactions in a degraded urban stream. Restoration measures included morphological changes to the river bed, such as the installation of gravel islands and spur dykes, as well as the planting of site-specific riparian vegetation. Standard distributed temperature sensing (DTS) and novel active and passive DTS approaches were employed to study groundwater–surface water interactions in two reference streams and an experimental reach of an urban stream before and after its restoration. Radon-222 analyses were utilized to validate the losing stream conditions of the urban stream in the experimental reach. Our results indicated that river restoration at the study site was indeed successful in increasing groundwater–surface water interactions. Increased surface water downwelling occurred locally at the tip of a gravel island created during river restoration. Hence, the installation of in-stream structures increased the vertical connectivity and thus groundwater–surface water interactions. With the methods presented in this publication, it would be possible to routinely investigate the success of river restorations in re-establishing vertical connectivity, thereby gaining insight into the effectiveness of specific restoration measures. This, in turn, would enable the optimization of future river restoration projects, rendering them more cost-effective and successful.

scholarly journals Water Quality as an Indicator of Stream Restoration Effects—A Case Study of the Kwacza River Restoration Project

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Mrozińska ◽  
Katarzyna Glińska-Lewczuk ◽  
Paweł Burandt ◽  
Szymon Kobus ◽  
Wojciech Gotkiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
River Restoration ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Riparian Ecosystems ◽  
Left Tributary ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Natural Characteristics

River restoration projects rely on environmental engineering solutions to improve the health of riparian ecosystems and restore their natural characteristics. The Kwacza River, the left tributary of the Słupia River in northern Poland, and the recipient of nutrients from an agriculturally used catchment area, was restored in 2007. The ecological status of the river’s biotope was improved with the use of various hydraulic structures, including palisades, groynes and stone islands, by protecting the banks with trunks, exposing a fragment of the river channel, and building a by-pass near a defunct culvert. The effects of restoration treatments were evaluated by comparing the physicochemical parameters of river water along the 2.5 km restored section between the source and the mouth to the Słupia, before restoration and 6 years after hydrotechnical treatments. A total of 18 physicochemical parameters were analyzed at 10 cross-sections along the river. The greatest changes were observed in the concentrations of NO3−-N and NH4+-N, which decreased by 70% and 50%, respectively. Dissolved oxygen concentration increased by 65%. Chloride values increased by 44%, and chlorophyll-a concentration increased by 30% after the project. The cut-off channel (by-pass), semi-palisades, and single groynes were the treatments that contributed most to water quality improvement. The results of this study indicate that river restoration projects can substantially reduce nitrogen pollution, which is particularly important in agricultural areas. Such measures can effectively reinstate natural conditions in river ecosystems. Hydrochemical monitoring is required to control the parameters of restored rivers.

scholarly journals Adding the “where” to the “who and what”. Considering the seascape can help the study of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning.

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filippo Ferrario ◽  
Thew Suskiewicz ◽  
Yuri Rzhanov ◽  
Ladd E Johnson ◽  
Philippe Archambault
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Functioning ◽  
Species Interactions ◽  
Local Distribution ◽  
Coastal Habitat ◽  
Benthic Species ◽  
Biodiversity And Ecosystem Functioning ◽  
Environmental Status ◽  
Optical Imagery ◽  
Geomorphological Features ◽  
Habitat Compensation

Whether we want to conserve, restore or enhance biodiversity, or use it to assess the environmental status of our coasts, the indissoluble link between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning is influenced by the spatial context of an ecosystem (the seascape). Using field-based research conducted in subarctic regions, we will show how the seascape can modulate species interactions which impair the habitat-forming functions of kelp. Specifically, bottom heterogeneity modulates top-down grazer control impacting the functioning of artificial structures as habitats for canopy-forming seaweeds in habitat compensation efforts. Unfortunately, coastal habitat maps from which seascape information could be obtained are often non-existant or are coarse in scale. We thus present how optical imagery-derived photomosaics can be used to map biological and geomorphological features over continuous and wide areas. Moreover, photomosaics can reveal patterns of local distribution of benthic species that can be useful when assessing biodiversity to evaluate the environmental status in coastal areas. Seascape context is thus a determining element which will improve our ability to maintain ecosystem functioning and services and inform coastal management.

Soil Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning

2017 ◽  
pp. 119-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard D. Bardgett ◽  
Franciska T. de Vries ◽  
Wim H. van der Putten
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Functioning ◽  
Soil Biodiversity ◽  
Biodiversity And Ecosystem Functioning
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