The Role of Sodium Silicate in Inhibiting Corrosion by Film Formation on Water Piping

1951 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leo Lehrman ◽  
Henry L. Shuldener
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Silicate ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Water Piping

scholarly journals Film forming PVA-based cleaning systems for the removal of corrosion products from historical bronzes

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica I. Parisi ◽  
Nicole Bonelli ◽  
Emiliano Carretti ◽  
Rodorico Giorgi ◽  
Gabriel M. Ingo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Film Formation ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Complexing Agent ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
Innovative System ◽  
Mechanical Procedure ◽  
Cleaning Procedures ◽  
Film Formation Mechanism

AbstractThis paper presents an innovative poly(vinyl)alcohol-based film forming system, specifically devised for the controllable and selective cleaning of copper-based artifacts. Traditional cleaning procedures are commonly performed using mechanical and/or chemical methods. Unfortunately, both these methods present some limitations related to both the poor selectivity and invasiveness in case of the mechanical procedure, and to the scarce control over the involved reactions when dealing with a chemical approach. The innovative system proposed in this work allows combining the advantages of chemical and mechanical treatments thanks to the confinement of a complexing agent (EDTA) within a fluid, polymeric matrix, that is able to form a solid thin film upon drying. After treatment, the polymeric film can be completely removed from the artwork through a gentle peeling action. In this contribution, the film formation mechanism was investigated by means of thermal analysis and rheology; the role of plasticizers, volatile solvent fraction, and quantity of loaded EDTA is also discussed. Finally, the results of cleaning tests performed on artificially aged samples, and on a real case study, the “Fontana dei Mostri Marini” by Pietro Tacca in Florence, are presented.

scholarly journals Study of the Effect of PGDA Solvent on Film Formation and Curing Process of Two-Component Waterborne Polyurethane Coatings by FTIR Tracking

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruitao Wang ◽  
Chunxiang Li ◽  
Zhigang Liu ◽  
Zhongping Yao ◽  
Zhijiang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Waterborne Polyurethane ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Curing Process ◽  
Polyurethane Coating ◽  
Polyurethane Coatings ◽  
Rate Of Reaction ◽  
Two Component

Waterborne polyurethane coatings were prepared using polyhydroxyacrylate dispersion, polyisocyanate, and propylene glycol diacetate (PGDA). The rate of reaction between hydroxyl and NCO groups in film formation and curing processes was studied by FTIR. The influence of PGDA amount on film formation and curing was also studied. Results showed that PGDA content had a significant effect on the curing process. With less than 10% PGDA, the role of PGDA was more to assist diffusion of polyhydroxyacrylate and polyisocyanate resin droplets. This promoted the reaction between hydroxyl groups and NCO. With more than 10% PGDA, its effect as a solvent was more and it inhibited the reaction between hydroxyl and NCO groups. When the amount of PGDA was about 10%, the synergy between both the roles promoted the crosslinking and curing reactions. The extent of the curing reaction of NCO was more than 70% in 4 h, which was significantly higher, compared with that of about 30% without PGDA. The good applicability and appearance of the waterborne polyurethane coating prepared in this study were verified for the application to carbon fiber metro vehicles.

Role of Torsional Flexibility in the Film Formation Process in Two π-Conjugated Model Oligomers

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 9379-9386
Author(s):  
Stefan Wedler ◽  
Cheng Zhou ◽  
Guillermo C. Bazan ◽  
Fabian Panzer ◽  
Anna Köhler
Keyword(s):  
Formation Process ◽  
Film Formation

Phosphatization Coating-Forming Mechanism Based on Green Phosphating Accelerator Rare Earth Nitrate

2013 ◽  
Vol 838-841 ◽  
pp. 2806-2810
Author(s):  
Juch Kuang
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Erosion Resistance ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Forming Mechanism ◽  
Rare Earth Nitrate

Experimental results show that the samples gained in bath added Rare earth nitrate (REN), relative to the sample got in bath without REN, improve the anti-corrosion power of the coating because of increasing of covering rate of formless crystal Zn2Fe(PO4)2·4H2O (marked P) crystals and the ratio of P/(P+H) (H is the mark of Zn3(PO4)2 crystal) in the coating, combination of which with components parsing by EDS indicates that the sequence of contribution elements P and Zn to erosion resistance of coatings is P>Zn. And the correlative mechanism was discussed, which has it clear that RE is materially a catalyst holding excellent ability of carrying oxygen and cathode depolarization, its concentration gets so constant in certain range that it is much steadier and more efficient than the usual consumptive oxidants like nitrates. In a word, REN plays the role of surface regulator, accelerant and densification agent, which speeds up the phosphating, and bids it effective to enhance the anti-corrosion power of the coating. The addition of REN, not only promote the phosphating film formation and substantial reduction or exemption of nitrite. So, REN is green phosphating accelerator of live up to one's name.

47.3: Role of Film Formation on Disorder States in Alq

2002 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 1266 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. Forsythe ◽  
D. C. Morton ◽  
D. Chiu
Keyword(s):  
Film Formation

Nanohardness vs. Friction Behavior in Magnetron Sputtered and PECVD W-C Coatings

2013 ◽  
Vol 586 ◽  
pp. 35-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
František Lofaj ◽  
Milan Ferdinandy ◽  
Peter Hornak
Keyword(s):  
Film Formation ◽  
Transfer Film ◽  
Friction Behavior ◽  
Wear Model ◽  
Tungsten Oxides ◽  
Transfer Films ◽  
Chemical Transfer ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Deposition Conditions

The nanoindentation and tribological measurements were performed on DC and RF magnetron sputtered W-C coatings to optimize the deposition conditions to obtain maximum nanohardness and to compare their properties and behavior with earlier studied PECVD W-C coatings. Despite number of similarities, some consequences of a tribo-chemical transfer film formation are inconsistent with the existing wear model for W-C coatings with controlled carbon content. Transfer films in the friction contact consist from iron- and tungsten oxides and carbon generated during carbide oxidation. The role of carbon in the transfer films leading to high coefficients of friction has to be principally different from the expected lubricative role of carbon in W-C coatings and needs further study.

Crucial role of reactive pulse-gas on a sputtered Zn3N2 thin film formation

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (97) ◽  
pp. 94905-94910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narathon Khemasiri ◽  
Chanunthorn Chananonnawathorn ◽  
Annop Klamchuen ◽  
Sukittaya Jessadaluk ◽  
Apirak Pankiew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Rf Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Thin Film Formation ◽  
Reactive Pulse ◽  
Reactive Gas

Herein, we demonstrate a powerful technique, known as reactive gas-timing (RGT) rf magnetron sputtering, to fabricate high quality Zn3N2 thin films at room temperature without applying any additional energy sources.

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