Performance of water distribution systems during intermittent versus continuous water supply

2007 ◽  
Vol 99 (8) ◽  
pp. 99-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhash P. Andey ◽  
Prakash S. Kelkar
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Distribution Systems

scholarly journals An Approach to Estimating Water Quality Changes in Water Distribution Systems Using Fault Tree Analysis

Resources ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Tchórzewska-Cieślak ◽  
Katarzyna Pietrucha-Urbanik ◽  
Dorota Papciak
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Fault Tree ◽  
Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Fault Tree Analysis ◽  
Quality Changes ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Water Treatment Station

Given that a consequence of a lack of stability of the water in a distribution system is increased susceptibility to secondary contamination and, hence, a threat to consumer health, in the work detailed here we assessed the risk of such a system experiencing quality changes relating to the biological and chemical stability of water intended for drinking. Utilizing real operational data from a water treatment station, the presented analysis of the stability was performed based on the fault tree method. If they are to protect their critical-status water supply infrastructure, water supply companies should redouble their efforts to distribute stable water free of potentially corrosive properties. To that end, suggestions are made on the safeguarding of water distribution systems, with a view to ensuring the safety of operation and the long-term durability of pipes.

scholarly journals Proposed probabilistic models of pipe failure in water distribution system

2018 ◽  
Vol 193 ◽  
pp. 02002
Author(s):  
Thi Minh Lanh Pham ◽  
Hai Ha Pham ◽  
Nguyen Anh Thu Do ◽  
Dinh Hong Le
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Unit Length ◽  
Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Labor Cost ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Pipe Failure ◽  
Tree Model

All pipes in water supply network are installed underground, so it is difficult to identify pipe failure location during the operation of a system. Prediction of the risk of pipe failure in the water distribution systems is necessary for preparation of reparations and displacement of a pipe network system. Based on the probability of pipe failure, it will be possible to save money and labor cost for water supply companies. Many studies have been conducted on this topic, some of which used experimental models, others used statistical models in which recently many authors used regression model, but almost all the models come up with calculating the pipe failure rate per unit length of pipe in a year. It is not a direct probability of pipe failure. This article reviews various methods to evaluate pipe failure in water distribution systems. Based on that, the authors proposed two models: Regression Logistic Model and Decision Tree Model that would support an effective decision making for detecting the pipe failure and proposing appropriate solutions.

Division method for water distribution networks in hilly areas

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 727-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Tao ◽  
Jiada Li ◽  
Kunlun Xin ◽  
Peng Liu ◽  
Xiaolan Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Pipe Network ◽  
Assessment Index ◽  
Supply Pipe ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Pressure Limitation

Water distribution systems in hilly areas are always divided into several zones due to the undulating terrain. The present approach of dividing water distribution systems lacks an assessment index and is characterized by a low degree of automation. With the building of a mathematical model, this paper introduces two indicators – pressure limitation and pressure variation – to enable the automatic division of the water supply pipe network. It prioritizes economic index as the objective function in the evaluation of the division of water distribution systems in hilly areas, and then selects the optimal division scheme by generic algorithm in a large number of candidates. The SY terrain in YW City China is used for verification. Compared to traditional water supply partition methods, this procedure is easier to operate time-savingly by staff and is more automatic.

scholarly journals Seismic Performance Assessment of Water Distribution Systems Based on Multi-Indexed Nodal Importance

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 2362
Author(s):  
Benwei Hou ◽  
Xitao Ma ◽  
Kegong Diao ◽  
Zilan Zhong ◽  
Shan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Seismic Performance Assessment ◽  
Multi Index ◽  
Rescue Service ◽  
Individual User

Seismic performance assessment of water distribution systems (WDSs) based on hydraulic simulation is essential for resilience evaluation of WDSs under earthquake disasters. The assessment is mainly to determine how the water supply will be affected due to pipe breaks caused by the earthquake, with the water supply loss estimated based on the loss of supply to nodes. Existing research works usually use the average or overall performance metric of all user nodes as the system performance indicator without considering user nodes’ individual performance and criticality. This paper proposes a framework to evaluate the importance of user nodes considering post-earthquake rescue service and the seismic performance of individual user nodes in the WDS, which supports the pipeline renovation plan to improve the performance of critical user nodes. The importance of user nodes is evaluated by a multi-index model, including the indices for daily service, post-earthquake rescue service, and network topology influence of user nodes. These indices evaluate the importance of user nodes in terms of their roles for daily water service, emergent rescue service, and water transmission to other nodes, respectively. Fragility model of pipelines evaluates the earthquake-induced damages of the WDS, and the seismic performance assessment of the WDS system is performed by the hydraulic model of the WDS with pipeline damages. The proposed framework is implemented in an actual WDS; the results show that the importance classification to user nodes by multi-index approach can identify the critical user nodes for post-earthquake rescue service, which traditional methods may ignore. The importance classification and seismic performance of individual user nodes make it feasible to check the seismic performance of critical user nodes and formulate a targeted pipeline renovation plan to focus limited resources on critical user nodes.

Testing and developing energy harvester systems for operation of energy-self-sufficient measurement and control units in drinking water supply

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-273
Author(s):  
S. Rödel ◽  
T. Krätzig ◽  
L. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Control Units ◽  
And Control ◽  
Measurement And Control

In recent years, wireless measurement and control units have become more popular for monitoring water distribution systems in the drinking water supply. Electric power supply for a higher number of devices through fixed connections to the public electrical grid is technically complex and requires large investments. Powering monitoring devices, which are installed in areas where electrical power supply is lacking, is difficult and considerably increases personnel and operational costs due to frequent battery changes. In such cases, harvesting energy from the water distribution systems or the environment would be an attractive option. In this work, an energy-self-sufficient system has been developed to solve these problems. The system transforms, by use of an energy harvester, the kinetic and hydraulic energy of water flow in a pipeline to electrical energy, stores this energy, and uses it via a micro-controller unit for measurements and wireless data transmission to a central server.

KAMEDO Report No. 76 Floods in Poland in 1997 and in Sweden in 2000

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 262-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Riddez ◽  
Uno Dellgar
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Water Supplies ◽  
Direct Damage ◽  
Essential Services ◽  
Untreated Water

AbstractExtensive flooding occurred in Poland in 1997 and in Sweden in 2000. These events and their management are reviewed in this Report. The floods in Poland were more extensive than in Sweden as they covered some 10% of Poland's landmass. An estimated 55 persons died as a direct result of the floods in Poland and none were reported due to the flood in Sweden. No epidemics were encountered in either country, presumably related to the extensive use of bottled water and radio instructions to boil all water before its use. The water supply was interrupted and untreated water was taken into the water distribution systems. Chlorination of the water supplies was added in Sweden. Sewage and refuse management was problematic. The heathcare system was impacted profoundly in Poland both by direct damage to hospitals and/or loss of essential services such as electricity and water supplies. Government responses are described with the needs in Poland being extensive including the need for outside assistance. Some pathways used for obtaining aid were outside of government coordination. Comprehensive conclusions and recommendations derived from the observations are provided.

An Ontological Approach to Water Distribution Systems Management

WRPMD'99 ◽  
1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Costa ◽  
A. Esposito ◽  
C. Gualtieri ◽  
D. Pianese ◽  
G. Pulci Doria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Systems Management ◽  
Ontological Approach
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