Shared genetic architecture between rheumatoid arthritis and varying osteoporotic phenotypes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melody Kasher ◽  
Maxim B. Freidin ◽  
Frances MK Williams ◽  
Stacey S. Cherny ◽  
Ida Malkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Shared Genetic

scholarly journals Shared genetic background between children and adults with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Rovira ◽  
Ditte Demontis ◽  
Cristina Sánchez-Mora ◽  
Tetyana Zayats ◽  
Marieke Klein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Common Genetic Variants ◽  
Shared Genetic

AbstractAttention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by age-inappropriate symptoms of inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity that persist into adulthood in the majority of the diagnosed children. Despite several risk factors during childhood predicting the persistence of ADHD symptoms into adulthood, the genetic architecture underlying the trajectory of ADHD over time is still unclear. We set out to study the contribution of common genetic variants to the risk for ADHD across the lifespan by conducting meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies on persistent ADHD in adults and ADHD in childhood separately and comparing the genetic background between them in a total sample of 17,149 cases and 32,411 controls. Our results show nine new independent loci and support a shared contribution of common genetic variants to ADHD in children and adults. No subgroup heterogeneity was observed among children, while this group consists of future remitting and persistent individuals. We report similar patterns of genetic correlation of ADHD with other ADHD-related datasets and different traits and disorders among adults, children and when combining both groups. These findings confirm that persistent ADHD in adults is a neurodevelopmental disorder and extend the existing hypothesis of a shared genetic architecture underlying ADHD and different traits to a lifespan perspective.

scholarly journals Correction: Large-scale genome-wide meta-analysis of polycystic ovary syndrome suggests shared genetic architecture for different diagnosis criteria

PLoS Genetics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e1008517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Day ◽  
Tugce Karaderi ◽  
Michelle R. Jones ◽  
Cindy Meun ◽  
Chunyan He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Diagnosis Criteria ◽  
Shared Genetic

scholarly journals Large-scale genome-wide meta-analysis of polycystic ovary syndrome suggests shared genetic architecture for different diagnosis criteria

PLoS Genetics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. e1007813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Day ◽  
Tugce Karaderi ◽  
Michelle R. Jones ◽  
Cindy Meun ◽  
Chunyan He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Diagnosis Criteria ◽  
Shared Genetic

scholarly journals Macroevolutionary consequences of sexual conflict

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 20180186
Author(s):  
Jo S. Hermansen ◽  
Jostein Starrfelt ◽  
Kjetil L. Voje ◽  
Nils C. Stenseth
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Selection ◽  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Sexual Conflicts ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Evolutionary Consequences ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Shared Genetic

Intralocus sexual conflicts arise whenever the fitness optima for a trait expressed in both males and females differ between the sexes and shared genetic architecture constrains the sexes from evolving independently towards their respective optima. Such sexual conflicts are commonplace in nature, yet their long-term evolutionary consequences remain unexplored. Using a Bayesian phylogenetic comparative framework, we studied the macroevolutionary dynamics of intersexual trait integration in stalk-eyed flies (Diopsidae) spanning a time frame of more than 25 Myr. We report that increased intensity of sexual selection on male eyestalks is associated with reduced intersexual eyestalk integration, as well as sex-specific rates of eyestalk evolution. Despite this, lineages where males have been under strong sexual selection for millions of years still exhibit high levels of intersexual trait integration. This low level of decoupling between the sexes may indicate that exaggerated female eyestalks are in fact adaptive—or alternatively, that there are strong constraints on reducing trait integration between the sexes. Future work should seek to clarify the relative roles of constraints and selection in contributing to the varying levels of intersexual trait integration in stalk-eyed flies, and in this way clarify whether sexual conflicts can act as constraints on adaptive evolution even on macroevolutionary time scales.

scholarly journals Large-scale meta-analysis across East Asian and European populations updated genetic architecture and variant-driven biology of rheumatoid arthritis, identifying 11 novel susceptibility loci

2020 ◽  
pp. annrheumdis-2020-219065
Author(s):  
Eunji Ha ◽  
Sang-Cheol Bae ◽  
Kwangwoo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Chromatin Interaction ◽  
Susceptibility Loci ◽  
European Populations

ObjectivesNearly 110 susceptibility loci for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with modest effect sizes have been identified by population-based genetic association studies, suggesting a large number of undiscovered variants behind a highly polygenic genetic architecture of RA. Here, we performed the largest-ever trans-ancestral meta-analysis with the aim to identify new RA loci and to better understand RA biology underlying genetic associations.MethodsGenome-wide RA association summary statistics in three large case–control collections consisting of 311 292 individuals of Korean, Japanese and European populations were used in an inverse-variance-weighted fixed-effects meta-analysis. Several computational analyses using public omics resources were conducted to prioritise causal variants and genes, RA variant-implicating features (tissues, pathways and transcription factors) and potentially repurposable drugs for RA treatment.ResultsWe identified 11 new RA susceptibility loci that explained 6.9% and 1.8% of the single-nucleotide polymorphism-based heritability in East Asians and Europeans, respectively, and confirmed 71 known non-human leukocyte antigens (HLA) susceptibility loci, identifying 90 independent association signals. The RA variants were preferentially located in binding sites of various transcription factors and in cell type-specific transcription–activation histone marks that simultaneously highlighted the importance of CD4+ T-cell activation and the potential role of non-immune organs in RA pathogenesis. A total of 615 plausible effector genes, based on gene-based associations, expression-associated variants and chromatin interaction, included targets of drugs approved for RA treatments and potentially repurposable drugs approved for other indications.ConclusionOur findings provide useful insights regarding RA genetic aetiology and variant-driven RA pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Visualizing genetic similarity at the symptom level: The example of learning disabilities

2010 ◽  
Vol 33 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 155-157
Author(s):  
Oliver S. P. Davis ◽  
Robert Plomin
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Psychological Traits ◽  
Equation Modelling ◽  
Symptom Level ◽  
Shared Genetic

AbstractPsychological traits and disorders are often interrelated through shared genetic influences. A combination of maximum-likelihood structural equation modelling and multidimensional scaling enables us to open a window onto the genetic architecture at the symptom level, rather than at the level of latent genetic factors. We illustrate this approach using a study of cognitive abilities involving over 5,000 pairs of twins.

scholarly journals Sex-Dependent Shared and Non-Shared Genetic Architecture, Across Mood and Psychotic Disorders

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriëlla A.M. Blokland ◽  
Jakob Grove ◽  
Chia-Yen Chen ◽  
Chris Cotsapas ◽  
Stuart Tobet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Shared Genetic
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