Effect of Lipopolysaccharide on Progesterone Production during Luteinization of Granulosa and Theca cells In Vitro

Cell suspensions were prepared from tissue samples of human corpora lutea obtained during the mid- and late-luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Both oestradiol and progesterone production by dispersed cells were stimulated by similar concentrations of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG). As the degree of stimulation of production by hCG was greater for progesterone than for oestradiol (five- to tenfold compared with two- to threefold higher than basal production), the ratio of progesterone to oestradiol produced varied according to the level of trophic stimulation. A comparison of cell suspensions prepared from mid- and late-luteal phase corpora lutea, exposed to the same concentration of hCG (10 i.u./ml) in vitro, did not reveal a shift to oestradiol production in the late-luteal phase. Provision of additional testosterone during incubation raised the level of oestradiol production by dispersed luteal cells. At an optimum concentration of testosterone (1 μmol/l), oestradiol synthesis was not raised further in the presence of hCG or N6, O2-dibutyryl cyclic AMP, suggesting a lack of induction or activation of the aromatase system by gonadotrophin in short-term cultures. Basal and stimulated levels of progesterone production were not significantly impaired in the presence of testosterone.

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The role of IGFs in the regulation of ovarian follicular growth in the brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula)

Reproduction ◽

10.1530/rep-10-0142 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 140 (2) ◽

pp. 295-303 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Jennifer L Juengel ◽

Lisa J Haydon ◽

Brigitta Mester ◽

Brian P Thomson ◽

Michael Beaumont ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Granulosa Cell ◽

Granulosa Cells ◽

Cell Function ◽

Antral Follicle ◽

Brushtail Possum ◽

Follicular Growth ◽

Theca Cells ◽

Ovarian Follicular Growth

IGFs are known to be key regulators of ovarian follicular growth in eutherian mammals, but little is known regarding their role in marsupials. To better understand the potential role of IGFs in the regulation of follicular growth in marsupials, expression of mRNAs encoding IGF1, IGF2, IGF1R, IGF-binding protein 2 (IGFBP2), IGFBP4 and IGFBP5 was localized by in situ hybridization in developing ovarian follicles of the brushtail possum. In addition, the effects of IGF1 and IGF2 on granulosa cell function were tested in vitro. Both granulosa and theca cells synthesize IGF mRNAs, with the theca expressing IGF1 mRNA and granulosa cell expressing IGF2 mRNA. Oocytes and granulosa cells express IGF1R. Granulosa and theca cells expressed IGFBP mRNAs, although the pattern of expression differed between the BPs. IGFBP5 mRNA was differentially expressed as the follicles developed with granulosa cells of antral follicles no longer expressing IGFBP5 mRNA, suggesting an increased IGF bioavailability in the antral follicle. The IGFBP protease, PAPPA mRNA, was also expressed in granulosa cells of growing follicles. Both IGF1 and IGF2 stimulated thymidine incorporation but had no effect on progesterone production. Thus, IGF may be an important regulator of ovarian follicular development in marsupials as has been shown in eutherian mammals.

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Effects of galectin-1 on regulation of progesterone production in granulosa cells from pig ovaries in vitro

Glycobiology ◽

10.1093/glycob/cwh101 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 14 (10) ◽

pp. 871-881 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

H. Walzel

Keyword(s):

Granulosa Cells ◽

Progesterone Production

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Steroidogenic enzymes mRNA expression profile and steroids production in bovine theca cells cultured in vitro and stimulated with angiotensin II

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20240254 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 45 (4) ◽

pp. 704-710 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Melânia Lazzari Rigo ◽

Andressa Minussi Pereira Dau ◽

Werner Giehl Glanzner ◽

Manoel Martins ◽

Renato Zanella ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Culture Media ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Ang Ii ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Steroidogenic Enzymes ◽

Theca Cells ◽

Mrna Profile ◽

Dose Response Effect

The main objective of this study was to detect the steroidogenic effects of Ang II in bovine theca cells in vitro. Bovine theca cells were obtained from follicles (larger than 10mm of diameter) collected from a local abattoir and submitted to different treatments in a sequence of experiments. In experiment 1, CYP17A1 mRNA profile was evaluated in LH- (10ng ml-1) and Ang II-treated (0.1µM) theca cells. In experiment 2, a dose-response effect of Ang II (0.001; 0.1 e 10µM) plus insulin (100ng ml-1) and LH (100ng ml-1) was evaluated on steroidogenesis of bovine theca cells. Experiment 3 explored the effects of saralasin (an antagonist of Ang II receptors) on steroid production and steroidogenic enzymes regulation in theca cells. After 24 hours, culture media from experiments 2 and 3 was collected to evaluate testosterone and androstenedione levels by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. In parallel, mRNA levels of key steroidogenic enzymes (HSD3B2, CYP11A1, CYP17A1) and STAR were assessed by RT-PCR. There was no difference in testosterone and androstenedione production between treated and controls groups, as well as in mRNA levels of the evaluated genes. In conclusion, the results suggest that Ang II does not regulate steroidogenesis in bovine theca cells

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Daidzein affects steroidogenesis and oestrogen receptor expression in medium ovarian follicles of pigs

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica ◽

10.1556/avet.2012.060 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 61 (1) ◽

pp. 85-98 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Anna Nynca ◽

Dominika Słonina ◽

Olga Jablońska ◽

Barbara Kamińska ◽

Renata Ciereszko

Keyword(s):

Protein Expression ◽

Granulosa Cells ◽

Oestrogen Receptor ◽

Receptor Expression ◽

Progesterone Production ◽

Progesterone Secretion ◽

Mrna And Protein Expression ◽

Induced Changes ◽

Reproductive Processes

Daidzein, a phytoestrogen present in soybean products used in swine feed, has been demonstrated to affect both reproductive and endocrine functions. The aims of this study were to examine the in vitro effects of daidzein on (1) progesterone (P4) and oestradiol (E2) secretion by porcine luteinised granulosa cells harvested from medium follicles, and (2) the mRNA and protein expression of oestrogen receptors α and β (ERα and ERβ) in these cells. The influence of E2 on P4 secretion and ERα and ERβ expression in the granulosa cells of pigs was also investigated. It was found that daidzein inhibited progesterone secretion by luteinised granulosa cells isolated from medium follicles. In contrast, E2 did not affect progesterone production by these cells. Moreover, daidzein did not alter the granulosal secretion of E2. Both daidzein and E2 decreased mRNA expression of ERα in the cells examined. The expression of ERβ mRNA was not affected by daidzein but was inhibited by E2. ERα protein was not detected while ERβ protein was found in the nuclei of the cells. Daidzein and E2 upregulated the expression of ERβ protein in the cells. In summary, the phytoestrogen daidzein directly affected the porcine ovary by inhibiting progesterone production and increasing ERβ protein expression. Daidzein-induced changes in follicular steroidogenesis and granulosal sensitivity to oestrogens may disturb reproductive processes in pigs.

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Pentachloronitrobenzene alters progesterone production and primordial follicle recruitment in cultured granulosa cells and rat ovary†

Biology of Reproduction ◽

10.1093/biolre/ioz195 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 102 (2) ◽

pp. 511-520

Author(s):

Yanrong Kuai ◽

Xiaobo Gao ◽

Huixia Yang ◽

Haiyan Luo ◽

Yang Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Protein Kinase ◽

Granulosa Cells ◽

Crop Production ◽

Follicular Development ◽

Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Serum Progesterone ◽

Primordial Follicles ◽

Progesterone Production

Abstract Pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB) is an organochlorine fungicide widely used for crop production and has become an environmental concern. Little is known about the effect of PCNB on ovarian steroidogenesis and follicular development. We found that PCNB stimulated Star expression and progesterone production in cultured rat granulosa cells in a dose-dependent manner. PCNB activated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK3/1) extracellulat regulated kinase (ERK1/2), thus inhibition of either protein kinase A (PKA) or MAPK3/1 signaling pathway significantly attenuated progesterone biosynthesis caused by PCNB, suggesting that PCNB induced progesterone production by activating the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP/PKA) and MAPK3/1 signaling pathways. Further investigation demonstrated that PCNB induced Star expression and altered MAPK3/1 signaling in ovary tissues of immature SD rats treated with PCNB at the dose of 100, 200, or 300 mg/kg by daily gavage for 7 days, while serum progesterone level was dose-dependently decreased. We demonstrated that PCNB exposure accelerated the recruitment of primordial follicles into the growing follicle pool in ovary tissues, accompanied by increased levels of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) in both ovary tissues and serum. Taken together, our data demonstrate for the first time that PCNB stimulated Star expression, altered MAPK3/1 signaling and progesterone production in vivo and in vitro, and accelerated follicular development with a concomitant increase in AMH in ovary tissues and serum. Our findings provide novel insight into the toxicity of PCNB to animal ovary function.

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