The impact of citrate concentration on adhesion of platelets and leukocytes to adsorbents in whole blood lipoprotein apheresis

Aim: (1) To describe the whole blood content of thiamine diphosphate (TDP), a biologically active form of vitamin B1 in end-stage kidney disease patients treated with hemodialysis (HD); (2) to establish the impact of a single HD procedure on TDP blood concentrations; and (3) to describe potential explanatory variables influencing TDP dialysis related losses, including dialysis prescription, vitamin B1 dietary intake and supplementation. Methods: Single-center, cross-sectional study in 50 clinically stable maintenance HD patients. The assessment of whole blood TDP with the High Performance Liquid Chromatography method, before and after a single, middle-week dialysis session and analysis of clinical and laboratory parameters potentially influencing TDP status Results: We report a significant difference in TDP levels before and after HD sessions - 42.5 (95% CI 38.7-46.2) μg/L and 23.6 (95% CI 18.9-28.2) μg/L, respectively (p = 0.000). The magnitude of intradialytic TDP changes is highly variable among individuals and is negatively associated only with the body weight of the patients (p < 0.013). Vitamin B1 dietary intake and supplementation do not influence whole blood TDP and dialysis-related loss of TDP. Conclusions: TDP, a bioactive compound of vitamin B1, is substantially lost during the HD procedure, and the magnitude of its loss is associated with the patient's body weight but it is not influenced by vitamin B1 dietary intake and standard supplementation dose.

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The Impact of Burn Injury on in vivo Whole Blood Glutathione Kinetics

Journal of Burn Care & Rehabilitation ◽

10.1097/00004630-200001001-00027 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 21 ◽

pp. S148

Author(s):

Y-M Yu ◽

X-M Lu ◽

A. B. Rhodes ◽

Z-W Fei ◽

C. M. Ryan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Whole Blood ◽

Burn Injury ◽

The Impact

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Impact of long-term supplementation of zinc and selenium on their content in blood and hair in goats

Veterinární Medicína ◽

10.17221/1581-vetmed ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 56 (No. 2) ◽

pp. 63-74 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

L. Pavlata ◽

M. Chomat ◽

A. Pechova ◽

L. Misurova ◽

R. Dvorak

Keyword(s):

Blood Plasma ◽

Whole Blood ◽

Average Concentration ◽

The Other ◽

Control Group ◽

Selenium Yeast ◽

Hair Samples ◽

The Impact ◽

Se Status

This paper evaluates the impact of long-term supplementation of different forms of zinc (Zn) and selenium (Se) on the content of these substances in the blood and hair of goats. Two analogous supplementation experiments were performed. 37 goats divided into four groups were used in the first trial with the Zn supplementation. Group A (n = 10) was a control group (with no Zn administered). A further three groups (B, C, D) were supplemented with Zn in various forms. Group B (n = 9) with zinc oxide, Group C (n = 9) with zinc lactate and Group D (n = 9) with zinc chelate. The second trial with Se supplementation was carried out on 20 goats divided into four groups. Group E (n = 5) was a control group. The other three groups were administered Se. Group F (n = 5) was supplied with a selenium lactate-protein complex, Group G (n = 5) with sodium selenite and Group H (n = 5) with selenium yeast. Three months later blood and hair samples were taken from all animals and Zn and Se concentrations were determined in whole blood, plasma, and hair. Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity was determined in the Se supplementation trial group. At the end of the trial the Zn concentrations in plasma and whole blood were without major differences between the groups. The plasma concentration of Zn did not increase from the initial value at the start of the trial. In hair the average concentration of Zn was 95.2–100.0 mg/kg<br />in all groups. No conclusive relation was confirmed between the values of Zn in hair and its concentration in blood. The Se concentration in whole blood (µg/l) at the end of trial in supplemented groups (F – 188.8 ± 24.6; G – 197.2 ± 10.9; H – 190.1 ± 26.3) was significantly higher (P < 0.01) than in the control group (E – 103.1 ± 23.5). Similarly, the activity of GSH-Px (µkat/l) was significantly higher in all supplemented groups (F – 872.3 ± 94.8; G – 659.5 ± 176.4; H – 839.8 ± 150.8) than in the control group (E – 379.1 ± 63.5). Se content in hair (µg/kg) was higher also in all trial groups (F – 242.3 ± 41.5; G – 200.5 ± 46.9; H – 270.0 ± 106.8) than in the control group (E – 174.7 ± 38.0). However, it was significantly (P < 0.05) higher only in Group F. A conclusive correlation was identified between the Se concentration in whole blood and its content in hair (r = 0.54; P < 0.05; n = 20). Based on the results it can be concluded that none of the supplemented forms of Zn increased its concentration in blood, plasma and hair. On the other hand, the administration of Se led to an increase in the Se concentration in blood, increased the activity of GSH-Px in whole blood and the Se content in hair. Based on the proven correlation and regression relation between the Se concentration in blood and its content in hair, hair can be considered as a suitable material for the diagnosis of long-term Se status in goats. Goats with sufficient Se status are those that have more than 160 µg/kg of Se in hair dry weight.

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Rapid, Reproducible, Quantifiable NMR Metabolomics: Methanol and Methanol: Chloroform Precipitation for Removal of Macromolecules in Serum and Whole Blood

Metabolites ◽

10.3390/metabo8040093 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 93 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Cora McHugh ◽

Thomas Flott ◽

Casey Schooff ◽

Zyad Smiley ◽

Michael Puskarich ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Serum ◽

1H Nmr ◽

Whole Blood ◽

Nmr Spectra ◽

High Quality ◽

Healthy Human ◽

Long Term Storage ◽

The Impact ◽

Term Storage

Background: Though blood is an excellent biofluid for metabolomics, proteins and lipids present in blood can interfere with 1d-1H NMR spectra and disrupt quantification of metabolites. Here, we present effective macromolecule removal strategies for serum and whole blood (WB) samples. Methods: A variety of macromolecule removal strategies were compared in both WB and serum, along with tests of ultrafiltration alone and in combination with precipitation methods. Results: In healthy human serum, methanol:chloroform:water extraction with ultrafiltration was compared to methanol precipitation with and without ultrafiltration. Methods were tested in healthy pooled human serum, and in serum from patients with sepsis. Effects of long-term storage at −80 °C were tested to explore the impact of macromolecule removal strategy on serum from different conditions. In WB a variety of extraction strategies were tested in two types of WB (from pigs and baboons) to examine the impact of macromolecule removal strategies on different samples. Conclusions: In healthy human serum methanol precipitation of serum with ultrafiltration was superior, but was similar in recovery and variance to methanol:chloroform:water extraction with ultrafiltration in pooled serum from patients with sepsis. In WB, high quality, quantifiable spectra were obtained with the use of a methanol: chloroform precipitation.

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The Impact of Cold Storage on Adenosine Diphosphate-Mediated Platelet Responsiveness

TH Open ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1714254 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 04 (03) ◽

pp. e163-e172

Author(s):

Juergen Koessler ◽

Philipp Klingler ◽

Marius Niklaus ◽

Katja Weber ◽

Angela Koessler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cold Storage ◽

Whole Blood ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Purinergic Receptor ◽

Adenosine Diphosphate ◽

Receptor Expression ◽

Activation Markers ◽

Inhibitory Pathways ◽

The Impact ◽

Induced Aggregation

Abstract Introduction Cold storage of platelets is considered to contribute to lower risk of bacterial growth and to more efficient hemostatic capacity. For the optimization of storage strategies, it is required to further elucidate the influence of refrigeration on platelet integrity. This study focused on adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-related platelet responsiveness. Materials and Methods Platelets were prepared from apheresis-derived platelet concentrates or from peripheral whole blood, stored either at room temperature or at 4°C. ADP-induced aggregation was tested with light transmission. Activation markers, purinergic receptor expression, and P2Y12 receptor function were determined by flow cytometry. P2Y1 and P2X1 function was assessed by fluorescence assays, cyclic nucleotide concentrations by immunoassays, and vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP)-phosphorylation levels by Western blot analysis. Results In contrast to room temperature, ADP-induced aggregation was maintained under cold storage for 6 days, associated with elevated activation markers like fibrinogen binding or CD62P expression. Purinergic receptor expression was not essentially different, whereas P2Y1 function deteriorated rapidly at cold storage, but not P2Y12 activity. Inhibitory pathways of cold-stored platelets were characterized by reduced responses to nitric oxide and prostaglandin E1. Refrigeration of citrated whole blood also led to the attenuation of induced inhibition of platelet aggregation, detectable within 24 hours. Conclusion ADP responsiveness is preserved under cold storage for 6 days due to stable P2Y12 activity and concomitant disintegration of inhibitory pathways enabling a higher reactivity of stored platelets. The ideal storage time at cold temperature for the highest hemostatic effect of platelets should be evaluated in further studies.

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Three commercial polyclonal immunoassays for cyclosporine in whole blood compared: 1. Results with patients' specimens

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/36.1.115 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 115-118 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

M J Strassman ◽

G L Lensmeyer ◽

D A Wiebe ◽

I H Carlson

Keyword(s):

Whole Blood ◽

Single Sample ◽

Transplant Recipients ◽

Post Transplant ◽

Transplant Patients ◽

Analytical Results ◽

Analytical Recovery ◽

Blood Specimens ◽

The Impact

Abstract We assessed the performance of three commercially available polyclonal immunoassays for apparent cyclosporine in 120 whole-blood specimens collected from transplant recipients just before their next dose of cyclosporine (CsA). The assays were (a) Abbott's TDx fluorescent polarization immunoassay for CsA and its metabolites in whole blood; (b) the Sandoz radioimmunoassay (RIA); and (c) Incstar's Cyclo-Trac RIA. Mean respective CVs were 3.8%, 9.3%, and 24.3%. Analytical recovery was nearly 100% for concentrations up to 1000 micrograms/L for Incstar and up to 1500 micrograms/L for Abbott and Sandoz; linearity was compromised at greater concentrations. We also quantified the parent CsA concentrations by HPLC. Moreover, to follow day-to-day fluctuations in patients' "cyclosporine" concentrations with each method and to assess the impact these differences have on interpretation of the analytical results, we assayed serial specimens from six post-transplant patients. These showed significantly dissimilar, but parallel, results among the methods for any single sample. Occasionally, however, a result would not fit the established trend. Biases observed among the assays can be explained in part by the nonspecific antisera cross-reacting with CsA metabolites. Most important, we demonstrate that patients' results are not reliably interchangeable among the methods.

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Measurement of Glycated Hemoglobin A1c from Dried Blood by Turbidimetric Immunoassay

Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology ◽

10.1177/193229680900300527 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 3 (5) ◽

pp. 1203-1206 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Ramakrishnan Lakshmy ◽

Ruby Gupta

Keyword(s):

Whole Blood ◽

Large Scale ◽

Hemoglobin A1c ◽

Glycated Hemoglobin ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Dried Blood Spots ◽

Sample Collection ◽

Blood Spots ◽

Glycated Hemoglobin A1c ◽

The Impact

Background: Glycated hemoglobin A1c (A1C) is an important marker in the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes. Dried blood measurement of A1C is useful in large scale epidemiological evaluation of A1C, especially to assess the impact of intervention programs. The possibility of using dried blood for measurement of A1C by the immunoturbidimetric method was explored in the present study. Method: Blood was collected from 30 patients, and blood spots were prepared and dried. The dried blood spot samples were kept for different lengths of time at 4°C to assess stability. Glycated hemoglobin was measured in whole blood and dried blood on the day of collection as well as on days 10 and 15 by immunoturbidimetric method. Results: The A1C values of 30 samples analyzed for comparison between whole blood estimation and dried blood ranged from 4.6% to 9.9%. The mean A1C on the day of sample collection was 6.01% ± 1.58% in fresh whole blood samples and 5.94% ± 1.58 % in dried blood spots. A linear and highly correlated relationship was observed between dried blood A1C values and those in whole blood ( r = 0.986 and intraclass correlation value = 0.993). Glycated hemoglobin values on day 10 and day 15 were comparable with the values on day 1 with a shift in mean of just 1% on day 10 and 3.04% on day 15. Conclusion: In conclusion, dried blood can be used for measurement of A1C by immunoturbidimetric method, and further stability of A1C measurement from dried blood for up to 15 days at 4°C makes it an ideal matrix for transportation in developing countries like India.

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The Impact of Direct Cash Payments on Whole Blood Supply

German Economic Review ◽

10.1111/geer.12204 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. e973-e1001 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

David M. Becker ◽

Harald Klüter ◽

Alexandra Niessen-Ruenzi ◽

Martin Weber

Keyword(s):

Blood Supply ◽

Whole Blood ◽

Blood Donation ◽

Monetary Incentives ◽

Payment Scheme ◽

Monetary Compensation ◽

Payment Schemes ◽

The Impact ◽

Insight Into ◽

Complex Question

Abstract This paper investigates the impact of monetary incentives on whole blood donations. We take advantage of a quasi-natural experiment in Germany, in which one blood donation site changes its payment scheme from remunerated to non-remunerated. All other donation sites maintain their payment schemes. We show that donation volumes drop significantly after the pay drop and do not recuperate. At the same time, donation volumes increase at other paid donation sites, which is partly due to donor migration to these sites. We do not find any impact of the changed payment scheme on blood quality. Our results offer additional insight into the complex question whether it is efficient to ensure blood supply by paying donors a direct monetary compensation.

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Impact of Alloantigens and Storage-associated Factors on Stimulated Cytokine Response in an In Vitro Model of Blood Transfusion

Anesthesiology ◽

10.1097/00000542-200211000-00011 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 97 (5) ◽

pp. 1102-1109 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

Andreas E. Biedler ◽

Sven O. Schneider ◽

Ullrich Seyfert ◽

Hauke Rensing ◽

Sasha Grenner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Whole Blood ◽

Mononuclear Cells ◽

Autologous Blood ◽

Immunosuppressive Effect ◽

Tnf Alpha ◽

Major Surgery ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Fresh Blood ◽

The Impact ◽

And Storage

Background Transfusion of blood may contribute to immunosuppression in major surgery. The authors assessed the impact of alloantigens and storage on function of peripheral blood mononuclear cells cultured in their physiologic environment. Methods Blood units (whole blood, packed erythrocytes) were prepared with or without prestorage leukodepletion and stored for 24-26 days. Blood samples were coincubated with allogeneic fresh blood, autologous, or allogeneic stored blood. Endotoxin-stimulated release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin 10 (IL-10) was measured after 24 h of culture by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Coincubation with equal amounts of allogeneic fresh blood showed almost no influence on TNF-alpha (-12%, not significant) and IL-10 (+11%, not significant) release. Stored allogeneic whole blood resulted in a significant TNF-alpha depression (-61%) and IL-10 induction (+221%). These effects were diminished but not prevented by prestorage leukodepletion (TNF-alpha -42%, IL-10 +110%) and required the presence of soluble factors (TNF-alpha suppression) and cellular components (IL-10 induction). TNF-alpha decrease and IL-10 increase were in the same order of magnitude (-40%, +134% with, -65%, +314% without leukodepletion) after coincubation with autologous blood. In contrast, allogeneic erythrocytes had only little effects (TNF-alpha -6%, IL-10 +36%) even at this high transfusion equivalent. Conclusion These data suggest that banked whole blood has an immunosuppressive effect that is largely attributable to storage-dependent factors. These factors are partially removed by prestorage leukodepletion, while the contribution of alloantigens is of minor significance. Immunosuppressive effects are least apparent with leukodepleted erythrocytes, suggesting that the presence of plasma during storage is required for the immunosuppressive effect to develop.

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