Two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiographic evaluation of the longitudinal deformation of the left ventricular myocardium in patients with severe coronary artery tortuosity

Currently, the methods of early diagnosis and treatment of stable angina are of interest to researchers. One of the methods of diagnosis is echocardiography using a two-dimensional speckle tracking. Technology speckle tracking allows to evaluate systolic and diastolic heart function in various cardiovascular diseases, including coronary heart disease (CHD). By means of this program all types of myocardial deformation: radial, circular, longitudinal, the rate of deformation and rotation of the myocardium can be evaluated. The clinical studies have shown that changes in the indices of deformation are sensitive markers of myocardial ischemia in the early stages [9]. In this study the authors investigated the effect of anti-anginal drug Coronater on the parameters of radial, circular and longitudinal deformation of the left ventricular myocardium in patients with angina pectoris 1-2 functional class (FC). The drug Coronater is phytotherapeutic preparation of anti-anginal action used to treat angina FC 1-2. The main active ingredients are Ligustikum Sichuan and broneol. Most clinical studies confirm the effectiveness of anti-anginal drug Coronater having significant coronarolytic and anti-ischemic effects.

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Longitudinal contractility evaluation of left ventricular myocardium in healthy individuals

Vestnik of Russian military medical Academy ◽

10.17816/brmma12249 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 117-120

Author(s):

A N Kuchmin ◽

E P Galova ◽

D A Galaktionov ◽

A A Kazachenko ◽

M Yu Yaroslavtsev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Speckle Tracking ◽

Speckle Tracking Echocardiography ◽

Ventricular Myocardium ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Left Ventricular Myocardium ◽

Practical Application ◽

Longitudinal Deformation ◽

Aged People ◽

Special Software ◽

Regular Rhythm

Topical issues of evaluation, as well as practical application of longitudinal deformities of left ventricular myocardium in the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases are considered. A study was conducted with an estimation of the segmented reference values for longitudinal deformation of the left ventricular myocardium in healthy middle-aged people using the technique of speckle tracking echocardiography. The essence of the methodic is to track coded areas of the myocardium (speckles) in the gray-scale image with subsequent automatic processing of data by special software. The data obtained are presented in the form of graphs and polar diagrams. This methodic has advantages over the method of tissue dopplerography, because it is more objective, sensitive and requires less time for data processing and analysis. At the same time speckle tracking has a number of limitations. To assess deformation, a good visualization of the image and a regular rhythm are required, and, most importantly, there are no generally accepted standards, since each manufacturer of echocardiographic equipment applies various filters that counteract the scattering of an ultrasonic beam. The effect of these filters on the results is unknown and, therefore, it is impossible to compare the data obtained on different devices. In addition, in the present work, correlation links between the structural and functional state of the myocardium and indices of longitudinal deformation of segments of the left ventricle are revealed. These results reveal the physiological features of the process in myocardial contractility occurring in the heart, both in norm and pathology.

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The use of methods of spatial displacement of the myocardial structure (speckle tracking) to determine the indications for coronary angiography in patients suffering from coronary heart disease

Vestnik of Russian military medical Academy ◽

10.17816/brmma50049 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 70-73

Author(s):

A. N. Kuchmin ◽

M. Y. Yaroslavtcev ◽

N. V. Afendikov ◽

E. P. Galova ◽

K. B. Evsukov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Heart Disease ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Coronary Angiography ◽

Speckle Tracking ◽

Ventricular Myocardium ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Left Ventricular Myocardium ◽

Longitudinal Deformation ◽

Spatial Displacement ◽

Myocardial Structure

The indicators of global and segmental longitudinal deformation of the left ventricular myocardium are presented and analyzed in patients suffering from coronary heart disease. The latter, as before, remains one of the urgent diseases of the circulatory system. To verify and determine management tactics for patients suffering from coronary heart disease, coronary angiography is performed. Indications for its implementation are based on the results of exercise tests, in particular, stress echocardiography. However, its implementation can be difficult due to poor visualization of the walls of the left ventricle, and the conclusion is not without subjectivity. One of the modern methods for assessing the contractility of the left ventricular myocardium, both global and segmental, is the spatial displacement of the myocardial structure (speckle-tracking- echocardiography). The technique automatically calculates the longitudinal deformation of the myocardium, expressed as a percentage of the initial values. It was found that the global and segmental longitudinal deformation of the left ventricular myocardium in the majority of the evaluated segments in the examined patients did not differ before loading. When conducting a stress test, the exact opposite dynamics of changes in the parameters of the global and segmental longitudinal deformation of the left ventricular myocardium is observed. So, in patients with a high risk of complications of coronary heart disease, a decrease in these indicators was observed, in patients without a risk of complications, on the contrary, their increase was observed, which indicates an increase in myocardial contractility during physical exertion. It was revealed that the indicator of global longitudinal deformation of the left ventricular myocardium is highly informative. The lower value of the decrease in the global longitudinal deformation of the left ventricular myocardium was calculated, which can serve as an additional indication for coronary angiography.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Relationship between left ventricular longitudinal deformation and clinical heart failure during admission for acute myocardial infarction: a two-dimensional speckle-tracking study.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.718175366.793486801 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Stamatios Lerakis ◽

Niels Engberding

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Heart Failure ◽

Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽

Speckle Tracking ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Two Dimensional ◽

Longitudinal Deformation ◽

Clinical Heart Failure

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Left Main PCI—Current Evidence, Techniques, and Triumph

Indian Journal of Clinical Cardiology ◽

10.1177/2632463620933526 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 86-93

Author(s):

Pramod Kumar Kuchulakanti

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery ◽

Artery Bypass ◽

Coronary Intervention ◽

Ventricular Myocardium ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Left Ventricular Myocardium ◽

Left Main ◽

Fractional Flow ◽

Flow Reserve

The left main coronary artery (LMCA) supplies majority of the left ventricular myocardium and atherosclerotic obstruction is associated with significant myocardial jeopardy. Coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) has been the gold standard for LMCA disease in the past. The LMCA has special characteristics anatomically, poses different challenges with regard to percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and is often associated with multivessel disease. However, advancements in technology have established PCI to be a standard, safe, and reasonable alternative to CABG with comparable outcomes. Contemporary PCI of LMCA disease includes proper selection of the patients and correct technique, and is aided by intravascular ultrasound, optical coherence tomography, and physiological assessment with fractional flow reserve. In this review article, we discuss the anatomy, plaque characteristics of LMCA, current evidence from registries and randomized trials comparing with CABG, technical aspects of stent implantation, adjuvant technologies, mechanical circulatory supports, and triumph of PCI.

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Cardiac and coronary artery study on sudden death cases in Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz

Life Sciences, Medicine and Biomedicine ◽

10.28916/lsmb.5.10.2021.77 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (10) ◽

Author(s):

Shih Sheng Soo ◽

Siti Balkis Budin ◽

Ismarulyusda Ishak ◽

Faridah Mohd Nor ◽

Nur Najmi Mohamad Anuar

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Sudden Death ◽

Thrombus Formation ◽

Arterial Occlusion ◽

Ventricular Myocardium ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Left Ventricular Myocardium ◽

Common Presentation ◽

Acute Mi

Background: Sudden death (SD) is defined as an unexpected natural death within an hour onset of symptoms or unwitnessed death that occurs within 24 hours, which accounts for most cardiovascular deaths in Malaysia. This study aimed to evaluate the extent of histopathological changes in the heart and to study the demographic trend in SD cases in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Methods: Specimens from all SD cases were received from 2017 to 2018 by the Forensic Unit, Hospital Canselor Tuanku Mukhriz (HCTM) were studied. The specimens were the left ventricular myocardium and left anterior descending artery (LAD), which were fixed in 10% formalin with haematoxylin and eosin staining. The tissues were graded histologically based on changes such as arterial occlusion, myocardial infarction, and/or thrombus formation. Results: Out of 545 medicolegal deaths, only 25 cases (4.6%) had samples available for analysis. Among these 25 patients, 24 (96%) were male patients and only one (4%) was a female patient. The available samples were from patients aged between 30 to 79 years old. In terms of ethinicity, Malays (40%) were the most numerous, followed by patients of Chinese and Indian ethnicities.The majority of the SD cases had a body mass index (BMI) that ranged between underweight (56%) and obese (40%). Besides, there were 10 (40%) cases of coronary artery with atheroma and 15 (60%) cases of myocardial infarction. The most common presentation of atherosclerosis was grade III and IV, and acute MI was the most common presentation at death, followed by healed infarcts and old infarcts. Discussion and Conclusion: Our findings reflect worsening risk factor levels in cardiovascular diseases, compounded by demographic trends. Further studies on biomarkers specific for cardiac diseases are warranted to understand imminent sudden cardiac death.

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