Function of TGF-?2 in the growth of chicken primordial germ cells and germinal ridge stroma cells during embryonic development

2004 ◽  
Vol 301A (4) ◽  
pp. 290-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsuyoshi Fujioka ◽  
Tomoki Soh ◽  
Noboru Fujihara ◽  
Masa-Aki Hattori
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells

scholarly journals Comparison of the Transcriptomic and Epigenetic Profiles of Gonadal Primordial Germ Cells of White Leghorn and Green-Legged Partridgelike Chicken Embryos

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1090
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Dunislawska ◽  
Maria Siwek ◽  
Katarzyna Stadnicka ◽  
Marek Bednarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Germline Stem Cells ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Methylation Analysis ◽  
Global Methylation

The Green-legged Partridgelike fowl is a native, dual-purpose Polish chicken. The White Leghorn has been intensively selected for several decades to mainly improve reproductive traits. Primordial germ cells (PGCs) represent the germline stem cells in chickens and are the only cells that can transfer the information stored in the genetic material from generation to generation. The aim of the study was to carry out a transcriptomic and an epigenetic comparison of the White Leghorn and Green-legged Partridgelike gonadal PGCs (gPGCs) at three developmental stages: days 4.5, 8, and 12 of the embryonic development. RNA and DNA were isolated from collected gPGCs. The RNA was further subjected to microarray analysis. An epigenetic analysis was performed based on the global methylation analysis and qMSP method for the particular silenced genes demonstrated in transcriptomic analysis. Statistically significant differences between the gPGCs from both breeds were detected on the day 8 of embryonic development. Global methylation analysis showed significant changes at the methylation level in the White Leghorn gPGCs on day 8 of embryonic development. The results suggest faster development of Green-legged Partridgelike embryos as compared to White Leghorn embryos. Changes in the levels of gene expression during embryonic development are determined by genetic and environmental factors, and this variability is influenced by breed and gender.

scholarly journals NUP50 is necessary for the survival of primordial germ cells in mouse embryos

Reproduction ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 151 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunsook Park ◽  
Bobae Lee ◽  
Bruce E Clurman ◽  
Keesook Lee
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Nuclear Pore Complex ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Mouse Embryos ◽  
Nuclear Pore ◽  
Progressive Loss ◽  
And Function ◽  
Deficient Mice

Nucleoporin 50 kDa (NUP50), a component of the nuclear pore complex, is highly expressed in male germ cells, but its role in germ cells is largely unknown. In this study, we analyzed the expression and function of NUP50 during the embryonic development of germ cells using NUP50-deficient mice. NUP50 was expressed in germ cells of both sexes at embryonic day 15.5 (E15.5), E13.5, and E12.5. In addition, NUP50 expression was also detected in primordial germ cells (PGCs) migrating into the genital ridges at E9.5. The gonads of Nup50−/− embryos of both sexes contained few PGCs at both E11.5 and E12.5 and no developing germ cells at E15.5. The migratory PGCs in Nup50−/− embryos at E9.5 showed increased apoptosis but a normal rate of proliferation, resulting in the progressive loss of germ cells at later stages. Taken together, these results suggest that NUP50 plays an essential role in the survival of PGCs during embryonic development.

scholarly journals Determination of production capacity of circulated primordial germ cells (circulated-PGCs) of KUB chicken using lysis buffer ammonium chloride potassium (ACK)

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Soni Sopiyana ◽  
Iman Supriatna ◽  
M. Agus Setiadi ◽  
Mohamad Fahrudin
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Average Production ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Lysis Buffer

<p class="abstrak2">In poultry embryos, primordial germ cells (PGCs) are progenitor cells for gametes, which have unique migration pathway. Primordial germ cells arise from epiblast in germinal crescent and circulate through the bloodstream for a short period of time, then leave blood vessel to migrate toward gonads. The aim of this study was to determine the potential production capacity of circulated-PGCs of KUB chicken at different developmental stages of embryo using a rapid and simple method. Seventy five KUB chicken fertile eggs were divided into five groups and incubated at 38.5 <sup>0</sup>C with a humidity of 60%. Hatching was set to the embryonic development stage of 14-18. The blood was collected through dorsal aorta using micropipette under microscope. The collected blood was placed in a 1.5 ml eppendorf tube which was previously filled with 100 µl phosphate buffered saline without Ca<sup>2+</sup> and Mg<sup>2+</sup> (PBS-) mixed with fetal bovine serum (FBS) with a ratio of 90%:10%. The PGCs were purified using lysis buffer ammonium chloride potassium method. The results showed that average production of circulated-PGCs per embryo of KUB chicken were significantly affected by stage of embryonic development (P &lt;0.05). The average production of circulated-PGCs at stage 14, 15, 16, 17, and 18 were 37.9; 53.5; 49.8; 38.3; and 33.5 respectively. The number of circulated-PGCs was not different among stages 14, 17 nor 18. The highest number of circulated-PGCs of KUB chicken was obtained at stage 15, so that the isolation and collection of PGCs through the blood circulation was recommended in stage 15.</p><strong>Key Words: </strong>KUB Chicken, PGCs, Embryonic Development Stage, Ammonium Chloride Potassium

Differentiation of primordial germ cells in the embryonic development of Thermobia domestica, Pack. (Thysanura): an ultrastructural study

Development ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-114
Author(s):  
Jerzy Klag
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Sex Differentiation ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Postembryonic Development ◽  
Thermobia Domestica ◽  
Dense Bodies ◽  
Accessory Nuclei ◽  
High Degree

The primordial germ cells (PGCs) of Thermobia domestica undergo some morphological changes during the embryonic development. Most conspicuous are the changes in the ultrastructure of the nucleus, whose envelope shows a high degree of activity. Two types of vesicles bleb off from the nucleus; the ones with the light interior are called the accessory nuclei, the others, with electron-opaque contents, have been termed the dense bodies. The nucleolus, initially clustered at the nucleus centre, undergoes dispersion and assembles again towards the end of embryonic development. At the same time, the sex differentiation of PGCs takes place. It is preceded by an increase in the activity of Golgi complexes and in the volume of lysosomes and lamellar bodies, the latter giving rise to lipid droplets. At the early stages of postembryonic development, preoogonia and prespermatogonia can readily be distinguished. Preoogonia have a wavy-surfaced nucleus and their cytoplasm contains dense bodies. In prespermatogonia, the nucleus is spherical with smooth envelope and there are no dense bodies in the cytoplasm. Throughout the period studied there occur nucleolus-like bodies and nuage material considered to be the germ-cell determinants in this species.

scholarly journals Effects of W (c-kit) gene mutation on gametogenesis in male mice: agametic tubular segments in Wf/Wf testes

Development ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 114 (4) ◽  
pp. 861-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Koshimizu ◽  
D. Watanabe ◽  
Y. Tajima ◽  
Y. Nishimune
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Seminiferous Tubule ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Mutant Mice ◽  
Tyrosine Kinase Receptor ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Kit Gene ◽  
Development And Differentiation

Mutations of the W (c-kit) gene, which encodes a transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor, affect the development and differentiation of many types of stem cell. Most homozygous W mutant mice are sterile, due to a lack of germ cells arising during embryonic development, but one of the notable exceptions is Wf/Wf mice, which are fully fertile in both sexes. In order to elucidate the effects of the Wf mutation on spermatogenesis, postnatal spermatogenesis in Wf/Wf mice was histologically examined. The number of gonocytes at birth was significantly reduced and small portions of agametic seminiferous tubule segments were observed in mutant mice. It is suggested that this is due to a deficiency of primordial germ cells (PGC). Other than the agametic tubules, there was no evidence of reduced spermatogenesis after birth. These results indicate that the function of the W (c-kit) gene is more necessary for the development of PGC than for postnatal germ cells.

scholarly journals KORELASI ANTARA UMUR INKUBASI DENGAN TAHAP PERKEMBANGAN EMBRIO Chelonia mydas YANG DIINKBASI PADA SUHU INKUBASI YANG BERBEDA

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syamsul Bahri
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Chelonia Mydas ◽  
Development Rate ◽  
Embryonic Stage ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Embryonic Gonad

Abstrak: Kecepatan perkembangan embrio Chelonia mydas dipengaruhi oleh suhu inkubasi. Embrio yang diinkubasi pada suhu 31±1°C (SF)  mencapai tahap 17 pada umur inkubasi 22-23 hari, tahap 19 pada umur inkubasi 26 hari, dan tahap 22 pada umur inkubasi 31 hari. Embrio yang diinkubasi pada suhu 26±1°C (SM)  mencapai tahap tahap 17 pada umur inkubasi 39-40 hari, tahap 19 pada umur inkubasi. 45 hari, dan tahap 22 pada umur inkubasi 52-53 hari. Hasil pengamatan terhadap struktur histologis gonad embrio menunjukkan bahwa gonad embrio tahap 17, 19, dan tahap 22 telah berupa gonad indiferen. Gonad-gonad pada tahap tersebut sudah dapat dibedakan menjadi bagian korteks dan bagian medula. Bagian korteks berupa epitel selapis silindris, sedangkan bagian medula mengandung jaringan ikat dan kelompok-kelompok sel. Bakal sel kelamin ditemukan pada bagian medula dan korteks. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa periode TSP Chelonia mydas yang diinkubasi pada suhu 31±1°C (SF)   terentang dari umur inkubasi 22 hari hingga umur inkubasi 31 hari, sedangkan periode TSP Chelonia mydas yang diinkubasi pada suhu 26±1°C (SF)   terentang dari umur inkubasi 39 hari hingga umur inkubasi 53 hari.Kata kunci: Chelonia mydas, TSP, umur inkubasi, suhu feminisasi, suhu maskulinisasi Abstract: Embryonic development Rate of Chelonia mydas is affected by incubation temperature . The embryos were incubated at 31 ± 1°C ( FT ) reached embryonic stage of 17th at 22-23rd of incubation day, embryonic stage of 19th at 26th of incubation day, and embryonic stage of 22nd at 31st of incubation day. The embryos were incubated at 26 ± 1°C ( MT ) reached embryonic stage 17 th at 39-40th incubation day , embryonic stage 19 th at 45 th day of incubation , and embryonic stage 22nd at 52-53 rd incubation day. Observations on the histological structure of the gonadal embryos showed that the embryonic gonad stages 17th , 19th , and 22nd have been in indifferent stage. Gonads at this stage can be distinguished  in two parts, cortex and medulla. Cortex as a layer of cylindrical epithelium, while the medulla consist of connective tissue and  groups of cell. Primordial Germ Cells are found both in medulla and cortex . It can be concluded that the TSP of Chelonia mydas were incubated at 31 ± 1°C ( FT ) extended from 22nd of  incubation day until the 31st of incubation day , whereas the TSP of Chelonia mydas were incubated at 26 ± 1°C (MT) extended from 39th of  incubation day until the 53rd of incubation day.Key words: Chelonia mydas, TSP, feminization temperature, maskulinization temperature

Knockdown of zebrafish Nanog increases primordial germ cells during early embryonic development

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huannan Wang ◽  
Yanhua Liu ◽  
Ding Ye ◽  
Jianzhen Li ◽  
Jiangdong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Early Embryonic Development
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