Enhanced Moisture Transport Associated with the Interdecadal Change in Winter Precipitation over Northwest China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxue Yin ◽  
Lian‐Tong Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Transport ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Winter Precipitation ◽  
Interdecadal Change

scholarly journals Asian monsoon projection with a new large-scale monsoon definition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingang Dai ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Ping Wang
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
Summer Monsoon ◽  
Moisture Transport ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Asian Monsoon ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Winter Monsoon ◽  
Climate Simulation ◽  
Northwestern Part

Abstract This paper focuses on Asian monsoon projection with CMIP5 multi-model outputs. A large-scale monsoon herewith is defined as a vector field of vertically integrated moisture flux from the surface to 500 hPa. Results demonstrate that the model ensemble mean underestimated the summer monsoon and overestimated slightly the winter monsoon over South Asia in both CMIP5 historical climate simulation and the monsoon projection for 2006–2015. The major of the bias is the model climate drift (MCD), which is removed in the monsoon projection for 2016–2045 under scenarios RCP4.5 for reducing the uncertainty. The projection shows that two increased moisture flows northward appeared across the Equator of Indian Ocean, the first is nearby Somalia coast toward northwestern part of South Asia, leading to excess rainfall in where the wet jet could reach, and the second starts from the equatorial Sect. (80°E–100°E) toward northeastern Bay of Bengal, leading to more rainfall spreading over the northwestern coast of Indochina Peninsula. In addition, a westward monsoon flow is intensified over the Peninsula leading to local climate moisture transport belt shifted onto South China Sea, which would reduce moisture transport toward Southwest China on one hand, and transport more moisture onto the southeast coast of the China mainland. The anomalous monsoon would result in a dry climate in Northwest China and wet climate in the coast belt during summer monsoon season for the period. Besides, the Asian winter monsoon would be seemingly intensified slightly over South Asia, which would bring a dry winter climate to Indian subcontinent, Northwest China, but would be more rainfall in southeast part of Arabian Peninsula with global climate warming.

scholarly journals Interdecadal Change of Winter Precipitation over Southern China in Late 1990s

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae-Won CHOI ◽  
Seung-Wook LEE ◽  
Byung-Hwan LIM ◽  
Baek-Jo KIM
Keyword(s):  
Southern China ◽  
Winter Precipitation ◽  
Interdecadal Change

scholarly journals Asian Monsoon Projection With a New Large-Scale Monsoon Definition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingang Dai ◽  
YANG Yang ◽  
WANG Ping
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
Summer Monsoon ◽  
Moisture Transport ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Asian Monsoon ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Winter Monsoon ◽  
Climate Simulation ◽  
Northwestern Part

Abstract This paper focuses on Asian monsoon projection with CMIP5 multi-model outputs. A large-scale monsoon herewith is defined as a vector field of vertically integrated moisture flux from the surface to 500 hPa. Results demonstrate that the model ensemble mean underestimated the summer monsoon and overestimated slightly the winter monsoon over South Asia in both CMIP5 historical climate simulation and the monsoon projection for 2006-2015. The major of the bias is the model climate drift (MCD), which is removed in the monsoon projection for 2016 -2045 under scenarios RCP4.5 for reducing the uncertainty. The projection shows that two increased moisture flows northward appeared across the Equator of Indian Ocean, the first is nearby Somalia coast toward northwestern part of South Asia, leading to excess rainfall in where the wet jet could reach, and the second starts from the equatorial section (80°E-100°E) toward northeastern Bay of Bengal, leading to more rainfall spreading over the northwestern coast of Indochina Peninsula. In addition, a westward monsoon flow is intensified over the Peninsula leading to local climate moisture transport belt shifted onto South China Sea, which would reduce moisture transport toward Southwest China on one hand, and transport more moisture onto the southeast coast of the China mainland. The anomalous monsoon would result in a dry climate in Northwest China and wet climate in the coast belt during summer monsoon season for the period. Besides, the Asian winter monsoon would be seemingly intensified slightly over South Asia, which would bring a dry winter climate to Indian subcontinent, Northwest China, but would be more rainfall in southeast part of Arabian peninsula with global climate warming.

scholarly journals Interdecadal Changes in the Relationship between ENSO, EAWM, and the Wintertime Precipitation over China at the End of the Twentieth Century

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 1923-1937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojing Jia ◽  
Jingwen Ge
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Winter Precipitation ◽  
Interdecadal Change ◽  
Northwestern Pacific ◽  
Southeastern China ◽  
Precipitation Anomalies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Interdecadal Changes

Abstract The current study investigates the interdecadal changes in the relationship between the winter precipitation anomalies in southeastern China, El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and the East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) at the end of the twentieth century. It appears that the relationships between the interannual variability of the southeastern China winter precipitation and ENSO as well as EAWM are obviously weakened after 1998/99. The possible mechanisms accounting for this interdecadal change in the relationship have been examined by dividing the data into two subperiods [1980–98 (P1) and 1999–2015 (P2)]. The results indicate that, without the linear contribution of EAWM, ENSO only play a limited role in the variability of winter precipitation in southeastern China in both subperiods. In contrast, in P1, corresponding to an ENSO-independent weaker-than-normal EAWM, anomalous southerlies along coastal southeastern China associated with an anticyclone over the northwestern Pacific transport water vapor to China. However, in P2 the impact of EAWM on winter precipitation in southeastern China is weakened because of the regime shift of EAWM. The EAWM-related positive SLP anomalies over the North Pacific move eastward in P2, causing an eastward migration of the associated anomalous southerlies along its western flank and therefore cannot significantly contribute to the positive winter precipitation anomalies in southeastern China.

The interdecadal change of the leading mode of the winter precipitation over China

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 2397-2411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingwen Ge ◽  
Xiaojing Jia ◽  
Hai Lin
Keyword(s):  
Winter Precipitation ◽  
Interdecadal Change ◽  
Leading Mode

scholarly journals Strengthened Relationships of Northwest China Wintertime Precipitation with ENSO and Midlatitude North Atlantic SST since the Mid-1990s

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (10) ◽  
pp. 3967-3988
Author(s):  
Xiaoxue Yin ◽  
Lian-Tong Zhou
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Arctic Oscillation ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Winter Precipitation ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Physical Processes ◽  
Atmospheric Teleconnections ◽  
Precipitation Anomalies ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe present study investigates the interdecadal changes in the relationship between El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and midlatitude North Atlantic (MNA) sea surface temperature (SST) with northwest China (NWC) winter precipitation (WP) variability and the plausible causes. Results show that ENSO and MNA SST have weak correlations with NWC WP before the mid-1990s, whereas the connections are enhanced sharply afterward, with above (below) normal precipitation occuring when there are positive (negative) ENSO SST and negative (positive) MNA SST anomalies (SSTA). Remarkable differences are found in the atmospheric circulations. After the mid-1990s, there is a pronounced Pacific–North American–Eurasian (PNA-EU)-like pattern in the Northern Hemisphere, whereas an Arctic Oscillation–like pattern is found before the mid-1990s. The change in the relationships between NWC WP and SSTs is likely attributable to the enhanced connection between ENSO and MNA SST after the mid-1990s. It is found that ENSO and MNA SSTA can cause NWC WP variation independently through atmospheric teleconnections. In addition, significant precipitation anomalies also occur when concurrent but oppositely signed SSTs anomalies in the two regions are observed. The reinforced negative correlations between ENSO and MNA SST after the mid-1990s act in concert on NWC WP by exciting a PNA-EU-like pattern. This information would help us to better understand the physical processes of the teleconnections between NWC WP variability and the ENSO/MNA SST, in which the strength of the correlation between ENSO and MNA SST should be taken into account.

scholarly journals Influences of Atmospheric Rivers on North Pacific Winter Precipitation: Climatology and Dependence on ENSO Condition

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 277-292
Author(s):  
Yating Xiong ◽  
Xuejuan Ren
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Extreme Precipitation ◽  
Moisture Transport ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Winter Precipitation ◽  
Core Region ◽  
Total Precipitation ◽  
The Core

AbstractThe atmospheric river (AR) is a unique mover of moisture from the low latitudes to mid- and high latitudes and a potential cause for regional flooding. This study explores the ARs’ influence on wintertime precipitation (including extreme precipitation) over the pan-North Pacific during 1996–2018 from the climatological perspective and during the ENSO condition, via distinguishing precipitation and moisture transport between the AR-group and the non-AR-group. Climatologically, the AR-group contributes 30%–45% of total winter precipitation, and up to 70% of total extreme precipitation over the eastern Pacific and along the North American west coast between 25° and 45°N. The above area is the core region of the ARs’ influence on precipitation. The AR-group’s precipitation in the core region is mostly determined by AR-produced in situ moisture convergence, while the non-AR-group’s precipitation is attributed to evaporation from Earth’s surface. The AR frequency is increased (decreased) in the core region during El Niño (La Niña) winters. As a result, the AR-group contributes more than half of the positive (negative) anomalies in total precipitation in the core region, due to AR-related moisture convergence anomalies. Besides, during El Niño winters, the AR-group also contributes almost half of negative anomalies in total precipitation over the middle basin between 40° and 55°N. An anomalous moisture sink (source) always acts to increase (decrease) in situ precipitation for both the AR-group and the non-AR-group. It is also shown that the moisture transport and its divergence anomalies are primarily decided by changes in wind fields and second by moisture. Furthermore, changes in moisture can cause asymmetric features of anomalies in moisture transport and its divergence between El Niño and La Niña but with limited effects.

scholarly journals Atmospheric circulation controls on the inter-annual variability in precipitation isotope ratio in Japan

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 3989-4032
Author(s):  
N. Kurita ◽  
Y. Fujiyoshi ◽  
T. Nakayama ◽  
Y. Matsumi ◽  
H. Kitagawa
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Circulation ◽  
Moisture Transport ◽  
Summer Precipitation ◽  
Winter Precipitation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Central Japan ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Proxy Records ◽  
Primary Driver ◽  
Meridional Moisture Transport

Abstract. This study explored the primary driver of variations of precipitation isotopes at multiple temporal scales (event, seasonal and inter-annual scales) to provide a greater depth of interpretation for isotope proxy records in Japan. A one-year record of the isotopic composition of event-based precipitation at Nagoya in central Japan showed less seasonal variation, but there is large isotopic variability on a storm-to-storm basis. In the summer, southerly flows transport isotopically enriched moisture from subtropical marine regions with the result that the rainfall produced by the subtropical air, or warm rainfall, was relatively enriched in heavy isotopes in comparison with the other rainfall events. In the winter, storm tracks are the dominant driver of storm-to-storm isotopic variation, and relatively lower isotopic values occurred when northerly winds in association with extratropical cyclones passing off the south coast of Japan (Nangan cyclone) brings cold precipitation. Using the historical 17 year record of monthly isotopes in precipitation at Tokyo station, we explored if the factors controlling event-scale isotopic variability can account for inter-annual isotopic variability. The relatively higher isotopes in summer precipitation were attributed to the higher contribution of the warm rainfall to the total summer precipitation. On the other hand, year-to-year variation of isotopic values in winter precipitation was negatively correlated with the relative ratio of the Nangan cyclone rainfall to the total winter precipitation. The 17 year precipitation history demonstrates that event-scale isotopic variability related to changes in meridional moisture transport is the primary driver of inter-annual isotopic variability in winter and summer precipitation. The meridional moisture transport to central Japan is likely linked to the activity of the western North Pacific subtropical high in summer and the intensity of the East Asian winter monsoon in winter. Therefore, isotope-based proxy records archived in central Japan may enable us to examine past atmospheric circulation changes in East Asia in response to climate variability.

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