Strategic agility and persistence: HEM's entry into the Russian market of expendable materials for clinical laboratories

The electron microscope is being utilized more and more in clinical laboratories for pathologic diagnosis. One of the major problems in the utilization of the electron microscope for diagnostic purposes is the time element involved. Recent experimentation with rapid embedding has shown that this long phase of the process can be greatly shortened. In rush cases the making of projection slides can be eliminated by taking dark field electron micrographs which show up as a positive ready for use. The major limiting factor for use of dark field micrographs is resolution. However, for conference purposes electron micrographs are usually taken at 2.500X to 8.000X. At these low magnifications the resolution obtained is quite acceptable.

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Imprecision of Laboratory Determinations and Diagnostic Accuracy: Theoretical Considerations

Methods of Information in Medicine ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1636147 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 13 (03) ◽

pp. 151-158 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

D. A. B. Lindbebo ◽

Fr. R. Watson

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Model ◽

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Diagnostic Process ◽

Clinical Laboratories ◽

Non Linear ◽

Theoretical Considerations ◽

Made In

Recent studies suggest the determinations of clinical laboratories must be made more precise than at present. This paper presents a means of examining benefits of improvement in precision. To do this we use a mathematical model of the effect upon the diagnostic process of imprecision in measurements and the influence upon these two of Importance of Diagnosis and Prevalence of Disease. The interaction of these effects is grossly non-linear. There is therefore no proper intuitive answer to questions involving these matters. The effects can always, however, be calculated.Including a great many assumptions the modeling suggests that improvements in precision of any determination ought probably to be made in hospital rather than screening laboratories, unless Importance of Diagnosis is extremely high.

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Factor VII Clotting Assay: Influence of Different Thromboplastins and Factor VII-Deficient Plasmas

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1647476 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 65 (02) ◽

pp. 160-164 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Marina Poggio ◽

Armando Tripodi ◽

Guglielmo Mariani ◽

Pier Mannuccio Mannucci ◽

Keyword(s):

Heart Disease ◽

Ischemic Heart Disease ◽

Dose Response ◽

Response Curve ◽

Ischemic Heart ◽

Factor Vii ◽

Response Curves ◽

Assay Sensitivity ◽

Clinical Laboratories ◽

Coagulant Activity

SummaryBeing a putative predictor of ischemic heart disease, the measurement of factor VII (FVTI) coagulant activity will be presumably requested to clinical laboratories with increasing frequency. To assess the influence on FVII assays of different thromboplastins and FVII-deficient plasmas we compared performances of all possible combinations of 5 thromboplastins and 6 deficient plasmas. The reproducibility of the clotting times of the dose-response curves for human and rabbit thromboplastins were acceptable (CV lower than 7%), whereas bovine thromboplastin had a higher CV. Reproducibility was very similar for all deficient plasmas when they were used in combination with a given thromboplastin. Responsiveness of the dose-response curve did not depend on the deficient plasma but rather on the thromboplastin: one rabbit thromboplastin was the least responsive, the bovine thromboplastin the most responsive, the human and the remaining two rabbit thromboplastins had intermediate responsiveness. Assay sensitivity to cold-activated FVII varied according to the thromboplastin: the bovine thromboplastin was the most sensitive, the human thromboplastin the least sensitive, of the three rabbit thromboplastins two were relatively sensitive, one was almost insensitive. In conclusion, our results indicate that thromboplastin rather than deficient plasma is the crucial factor in the standardization of FVII assay.

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Perspectives and Regulation of the Russian Market for Project-based Transactions under the Kyoto Protocol

Voprosy Ekonomiki ◽

10.32609/0042-8736-2008-10-108-125 ◽

2008 ◽

pp. 108-125

Author(s):

K. Zavodov

Keyword(s):

Energy Efficiency ◽

Market Mechanism ◽

Point Of View ◽

Market Regulation ◽

Foreign Investments ◽

Russian Market ◽

Increase Energy Efficiency ◽

New Form ◽

Contract Structure ◽

Carbon Fund

Project-based transactions (PBTs) are a market mechanism of attracting foreign investments in order to abate greenhouse gas emissions and increase energy efficiency of the country’s enterprises. The article provides a classification and analyzes advantages and drawbacks of PBTs from the point of view of a host country. The main trends and factors determining the dynamics of the PBT market are described. Given that Russia currently lags behind the leaders of the PBT market, an incorporation of a state carbon fund is put forward with an aim of channelling PBTs through it. This paper proposes a form of PBT market regulation by incorporating an option mechanism into the contract structure of a transaction. A comparison of the new form of regulation with the tools that are currently in use in Russia and other countries demonstrates its greater economic efficiency under uncertainty.

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Hostile Takeovers and Anti-takeover Defenses in the Russian Corporate Market

Voprosy Ekonomiki ◽

10.32609/0042-8736-2007-4-70-84 ◽

2007 ◽

pp. 70-84 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

E. Demidova

Keyword(s):

Cost Benefit Analysis ◽

Cost Benefit ◽

Benefit Analysis ◽

Costs And Benefits ◽

Hostile Takeovers ◽

Russian Market ◽

Takeover Defenses ◽

The Cost ◽

European Markets

This article analyzes definitions and the role of hostile takeovers at the Russian and European markets for corporate control. It develops the methodology of assessing the efficiency of anti-takeover defenses adapted to the conditions of the Russian market. The paper uses the cost-benefit analysis, where the costs and benefits of the pre-bid and post-bid defenses are compared.

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