Amino-acids and protein hydrolysates in human and animal nutrition

The formula of volume calculation of all the solutions of crystalline amino acids and some protein hydrolysates to compensate the necessary requirements of a patient for protein is given. The mathematical treatment of this formula with regard to the utilization rate and maximum doses of amino acids is made, the method of quantitative and qualitative estimation of the available preparations of crystalline amino acids and protein hydrolysates allowing to make a justified choice of the preparations is proposed. The article is illustrated by the tables with necessary information of the preparations for parenteral diet, their potential possibilities of protein compensation as well as a dosage of the preparations of crystalline amino acids and protein hydrolysates to compensate the necessary require# ments for protein.

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The anti hypertensive nutraceuticals of Vigna sp bean protein hydrolized by alcalase and flavourzyme

Journal of Functional Food and Nutraceutical ◽

10.33555/jffn.v2i1.40 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 63-73

Author(s):

Tejasari ◽

Sih Yuwanti ◽

Mohammad Bazar Ahmadi ◽

Yuna Luki Afsari

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

G Protein ◽

Inhibitory Activity ◽

Protein Hydrolysate ◽

Protein Hydrolysates ◽

Small Molecular Weight ◽

Hydrophobic Amino Acids ◽

Prevention Of Hypertension ◽

Hydrolysis Of ◽

Bean Protein

Peptide with hydrophobic amino acids had been studied for their inhibitory activity against angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE-1) transformation into ACE-2 and prevention of hypertension. The active peptides may come from alcalase and flavourzyme hydrolysis of bean protein. This study aimed to measure ACE-1 inhibitory of protein hydrolysates from Vigna sp. bean (mung bean and cowpea) that grew in Indonesia, and its solubility. The bean protein (22.9 - 23.6 %) was extracted using isoelectric precipitation at pH 4-4.6. The extracts were hydrolyzed at pH 8 for alcalase and pH 7 for flavourzyme, followed with inactivation at 80-85 oC. ACE-1 inhibitory activity was calculated based on the amount of hippuric acid (HA) formed by the hydrolysis of Hippuryl-His-Leu (HHL), in spectrophotometry detection method (228 nm). Ultrachromatography evaluation showed that the protein hydrolysates of mungbean contained higher hydrophobic amino acids (382 mg/g protein) compared to those of cowpea (329 mg/g protein). Protein hydrolysates of both beans from alcalase hydrolysis have higher ACE-1 inhibitory activity rather than those from flavourzyme. Protein hydrolysate from Vigna spp bean protein hydrolysis by alcalase, contained small molecular weight peptides (3.9-4.63 kDa) and high ACE-1 inhibition ability (80-93 %), and therefore suggested as antihypertensive nutraceuticals. Highest solubility of protein hydrolysates resulted from alcalase hydrolysis of both beans were observed at pH 8, while those resulted from flavorzyme hydrolysis were at pH 7, respectively.

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DESIGNING BALANCED FEEDS FOR INDUSTRIAL AQUACULTURE USING PROTEIN HYDROLYSATES OF FISH BY-PASS RAW MATERIALS

Fisheries ◽

10.37663/0131-6184-2021-4-81-88 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 (4) ◽

pp. 81-88

Author(s):

Olga Mezenova ◽

Dmitriy Pyanov ◽

Svetlana Agafonova ◽

Natalia Mezenova ◽

V. Volkov

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Molecular Weight ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Protein Hydrolysates ◽

Total Protein Content ◽

Alternative Sources ◽

Amino Acid Balance ◽

Limiting Amino Acids ◽

By Products

The perspective of the production of domestic compound feed for the development of industrial aquaculture in Russia is shown. Alternative sources of protein in mixed fodder for salmon and sturgeon have been investigated. The advantages of using protein hydrolysates instead of a part of fishmeal in compound feed are described. The advantages of protein hydrolysates from fish by-products are considered, the chemical composition and molecular fractional composition of sublimated protein hydrolysates obtained by enzymatic and thermal pathways from sardinella scales and ridges are studied. The presence in hydrolysates of 53.3 - 97.7% of low molecular weight peptides with a molecular weight of less than 10 kDa with a total protein content of 80.8-94.1% was established. Indicators of amino acid balance (scor) of hydrolyzates of scales and ridges of sardinella were calculated in relation to the established requirements for amino acids in salmonids. Indicators of amino acid balance (scor) of hydrolyzates of scales and ridges of sardinella were calculated in relation to the established requirements for amino acids in salmonids.It was found that the introduction of an enzymatically obtained hydrolyzate is more favorable for an increase in the content of limiting amino acids in mixed feed, and the use of sardinella scales for hydrolysis is more preferable than its ridges.

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Transport of amino acids by isolated gills of the mussel Mytilus californianus Conrad

Journal of Experimental Biology ◽

10.1242/jeb.62.2.313 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 62 (2) ◽

pp. 313-325

Author(s):

S. H. Wright ◽

T. L. Johnson ◽

J. H. Crowe

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Significant Role ◽

Transport Mechanism ◽

Surrounding Medium ◽

Gill Tissue ◽

Mytilus Californianus ◽

Animal Nutrition ◽

Neutral Amino Acids ◽

Kinetics Of

The unidirectional influx of cycloleucine into in vitro preparations of gill tissue of the mussel, Mytilus californianus, was determined. Influx was found to be linear for at least an hour, and the kinetics of cycloleucine influx conformed to Michaelis-Menten type kinetics. The transport mechanism(s) for cycloleucine is relatively specific for the L-enantiomorph of neutral amino acids, and is capable of accumulating cycloleucine to intracellular concentrations much higher than those of the surrounding medium. Evedence is presented that the transport of amino acids by gill tissue plays a significant role in whole animal nutrition.

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