Differential growth and yield by canola (Brassica napus
 L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum
 L.) arising from alterations in chemical properties of sandy soils due to additions of fly ash

The predominantly sandy soils of south-western Australia have become potassium (K) deficient for spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production due to the removal of K from soil in grain and hay. The K requirements of canola (rape, Brassica napus L.) grown in rotation with wheat on these soils are not known and were determined in the study reported here. Seed (grain) yield increases (responses) of canola to applications of fertiliser K occurred at sites where Colwell soil test K values (top 10 cm of soil) were <60 mg/kg soil. Grain yield responses to applied K occurred when concentrations of K in dried shoots were <45 g/kg for young plants 7 and 10 weeks after sowing and <35 g/kg for 18 weeks after sowing. Application of fertiliser K had no significant effects on either oil or K concentrations in grain.

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Comparing responses to phosphorus of field pea (Pisum sativum), canola (rape, Brassica napus) and spring wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea03276 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 46 (5) ◽

pp. 645 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

M. D. A. Bolland ◽

R. F. Brennan ◽

P. F White

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Brassica Napus ◽

Pisum Sativum ◽

Spring Wheat ◽

Maximum Yield ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Field Pea ◽

Alkaline Soils ◽

Brassica Napus L ◽

Single Superphosphate

The phosphorus (P) requirements of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) are well known for all soils in south-western Australia; but the P requirements of field pea (Pisum sativum L.) and canola (Brassica napus L.), which are grown in rotation with wheat on marginally acidic to alkaline soils in the region, are not known. In a glasshouse study, the P requirements of field pea and wheat were compared for 16 soils collected throughout the agricultural region. Ten of the 16 soils were also used to compare the P requirements of canola and wheat. The P was applied as powdered single superphosphate, and yield of dried shoots of 42-day-old plants was measured. The amount of P required to produce 90% of the maximum yield of dried shoots (PR90 values) was used to compare the P requirements of the species. To produce 90% of the maximum yield, field pea required less P than wheat in 5 soils, similar P in 2 soils, and more P in 9 soils. Canola required less P than wheat in all 10 soils. We conclude the P requirements of field pea or canola relative to wheat depend on a complex interaction between plant and soil, particularly for field pea relative to wheat. Per unit of applied P, the P concentration in dried shoots decreased in the order canola > wheat > field pea, indicating the order in which plant roots of the 3 species were able to access P from soil.

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GROWTH OF BARLEY, BROMEGRASS AND ALFALFA IN THE GREENHOUSE IN SOIL CONTAINING RAPESEED AND WHEAT RESIDUES

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps78-034 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 58 (1) ◽

pp. 241-248 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

J. WADDINGTON

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Brassica Napus ◽

Hordeum Vulgare ◽

Wheat Straw ◽

Nitrogen Deficiency ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Bromus Inermis ◽

Hordeum Vulgare L ◽

Total Leaf Area ◽

Brassica Napus L

Under greenhouse conditions, incorporating ground straw in the soil at rates between 2,240 and 8,970 kg/ha reduced the emergence of alfalfa (Medicago media Pers. cv. Beaver) significantly (P < 0.05) and bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss cv. Magna) slightly, but had no effect on barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Conquest). Rape (Brassica napus L. cv. Target and B. campestris L. cv. Echo) straws were more damaging than wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Manitou) straw. Symptoms of severe nitrogen deficiency appeared early in the growth of barley where straw had been added to the soil. The effect on tillering varied. In one experiment tillers were smaller, in one tillers were larger; but in both, total leaf area produced was much less where 8,970 kg/ha of straw had been added to the soil. Bromegrass showed the same effects but to a lesser degree, probably because of slower growth requiring a smaller supply of nitrogen. Alfalfa growth was apparently unaffected. There was no evidence that the straw of either rapeseed species was more deleterious than wheat straw to crop growth after emergence. It is concluded that straw incorporated in soil affected barley and bromegrass growth by reducing the availability of nitrogen.

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Carbon isotope discrimination and indirect selection for transpiration efficiency at flowering in lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus), spring bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) durum wheat (T. turgidum L.), and canola (Brassica napus L.)

Euphytica ◽

10.1007/bf00021887 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 87 (2) ◽

pp. 141-151 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

A. Matus ◽

A. E. Slinkard ◽

C. van Kessel

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Brassica Napus ◽

Lens Culinaris ◽

Carbon Isotope Discrimination ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Indirect Selection ◽

Transpiration Efficiency ◽

Brassica Napus L ◽

Spring Bread Wheat ◽

Selection For

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Soil-test critical values for wheat (Triticum aestivum) and canola (Brassica napus) in the high-rainfall cropping zone of southern Australia

Crop and Pasture Science ◽

10.1071/cp20229 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 71 (12) ◽

pp. 959

Author(s):

Malcolm R. McCaskill ◽

Penny Riffkin ◽

Amanda Pearce ◽

Brendan Christy ◽

Rob Norton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Brassica Napus ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Critical Value ◽

Critical Values ◽

Soil Test ◽

Nutrient Deficiencies ◽

Yield Gap ◽

Brassica Napus L ◽

High Rainfall

Nutrient deficiencies are considered a reason for commercial yields of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and canola (Brassica napus L.) in the high-rainfall zone (HRZ) of southern Australia being well below predicted potential yields. With the aim of developing soil-test interpretation guidelines suitable for HRZ conditions, nutrient-response experiments, 15 with wheat and 12 with canola, were conducted between 2015 and 2018. These experiments quantified responses to nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), sulfur (S), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) in pre-sowing soil tests. The highest yielding treatment of the wheat experiments averaged 7.1 t/ha (range 2.6–10.8 t/ha), and of the canola experiments 4.2 t/ha (range 0.7–6.2 t/ha). The most frequent responses were to N and P, followed by S and K. There were no significant positive responses to Cu or Zn. Across the experiments, the 95% critical value for Colwell P in wheat was 52 mg/kg, with a 95% confidence range of 39–68 mg/kg. For canola, the critical value was 59 mg/kg, with a range of 38–139 mg/kg. These values are higher than from lower rainfall regions of Australia. Critical values for K and S were also higher than from drier regions of Australia. The Sprengel–Lieberg Law of the Minimum overestimated yield where there were multiple nutrient limitations, whereas an equivalent Law of the Product underestimated yield under these conditions. These higher critical values based on evidence from the HRZ are expected to assist in closing the yield gap for wheat and canola in the region.

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